GHS Classification Result
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
Reference：
Chemical Name：Phosgene
CAS：75-44-5
Result：
| ID: | 68 |
| Classifier: | Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS |
| Year Classified: | FY2006 |
| Reference Manual: | GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006） |
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 2 | Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Non-combustible (ICSC, 2004) |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Not aerosol products |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Classified into Division 2.3 and Class 8 (UN#1076) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods) |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Liquefied gas |
|
Warning | H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated | P410+P403: Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. | The boiling point is 8degC (ICSC (2004)), and the critical temperature is 182degC (HSDB (2006)) - i.e., liquefied gas. Classified into Division 2.3 and Class 8 (UN#1076) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods) |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Classified as "gas" according to GHS definition |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | Test methods applicable to gas substances are not available |
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Oral） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Dermal） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） | Category 1 |
|
Danger | H330: Fatal if inhaled |
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P284: Wear respiratory protection. P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P320: Specific treatment is urgent （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on human LC50 (inhalation of gas) value of 2ppm (4 hours: converted from 170 min), representing the two testing data, rat LC50 of 5.58ppm (4 hours) (CERI Hazard Data 2000-51 (2001)) and human LC50 of 3ppm (170 min). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Due to the fact that the substance is "gas" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its vapour is not expected. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Due to the fact that the substance is "gas" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its dust/mist is not expected. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
|
Warning | H315: Causes skin irritation |
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
Based on the description in EHC 193 (1997): "Dermal contact with high concentrations of the substance causes irritation of the skin." There have been reports of human health effects (EHC 193 (1997) and IRIS (2006)): "Skin contact with phosgene has been known to cause severe skin burns in humans. Vapor contact with moist or wet skin can lead to irritation and erythema." |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2A |
|
Warning | H319: Causes serious eye irritation |
P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. |
Based on the descriptions of human health effects (CERI Hazard Data 2000-51 (2001), MOE Risk Assessment vol. 4 (2004) and EHC 193 (1997), ACGIH (7th, 2001)): "The substance has a strong irritancy potential, showing irritation of eyes and nose at 3ppm or higher. Accidental eye spillage of the substance results in severe damage to the eye," "eye irritation and burning sensation." The substance is thus considered a strong irritant. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Not classified | - | - | - | - | Based on the absence of data on multi-generation mutagenicity tests and germ cell mutagenicity tests in vivo, and negative data on somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (micronucleus tests), described in IRIS (2006). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | Classification not possible based on expert judgment, given the absence of existing classification. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (respiratory system) |
|
Danger | H370: Causes damage to organs (respiratory system) |
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
Based on the human evidence: "abnormalities observed mainly in the lung," "dyspnea and collapse," "brain damage is considered secondary to phosgene-related hypoxemia and low blood pressure" (IRIS (2005)), "headache, nausea, coughing, dyspnea, fatigue, pharyngalgia, chest tightness, chest pain and fever were observed in human subjects, 7 of whom developed pulmonary edema" (EHC 194 (1997)). Also based on the evidence from animal studies including "damage to the alveolar cells (type 1)," "accumulation of monoblasts in the bronchial branches and alveolar wall" (EHC 193 (1997)). The effects on experimental animals were observed at dosing levels within the guidance value ranges for Category 1. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (respiratory system) |
|
Danger | H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system) |
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... |
The effects on humans are reported as follows; "25 showed x-ray and clinical evidence of pneumonitis", "in two of these cases, bronchitis due to phosgene poisoning had been reported"(EHC 193 (1997)), "rapid, shallow breathing, high minute volume and low oxygen extract" (IRIS (2005)). In animal studies, "GPD activity increase, alveolar cell hyperplasia, macrophages with vacuolated cytopla" (EHC 193 (1997)), "interstitial thickening of the alveolus, inflammatory cell influx to terminal bronchiole/alveolus, increased collagen staining of terminal bronchiole/peribronchiolar" (IRIS (2005)) were reported. Based on these effects, the respiratory organs are considered to be the target organs. And these effects were observed within the guidance values for Category 1 in the repeated-dose study. Therefore, the substance was classified as Category 1 (respiratory organs). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Not applicable | - | - | - | - | Not applicable |
| Hazard class | Classification | Symbol | Signal word | Hazard statement | Precautionary statement | Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） | Classification not possible | - | - | - | - | No data available |
NOTE:
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* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. |
Reference：
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Reference Manual |
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Definitions / Abbreviations |
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Model SDS by MHLW |
MHLW Website （in Japanese Only） |