GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:Styrene
CAS:100-42-5

Result:
ID: 151
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - Containing no chemical groups with explosive properties
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
6 Flammable liquids Category 3 Warning H226: Flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
The flash point is 31degC (c.c.) (ICSC, 1999) which is classified into Category 3. Those containing stabilizers are classified into Class 3 and Packing Group III (UN#2055) (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods)
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data, though containing unsaturated bonds. Those containing stabilizers are classified into Class 3 (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, UN#2055)
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Not pyrophoric when in contact with air at ordinary temperatures; the auto-ignition temperature is 490degC (ICSC, 1999)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - Containing no metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine and chlorine
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Classified as "liquid" according to GHS definition
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no "-O-O-" structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available Those containing stabilizers are classified into Class 3 (UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, UN#2055)

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 5 - Warning H303: May be harmful if swallowed P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Based on the rat LD50 (oral route) of 5,000mg/kg (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004)).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Due to the fact that the substance is "liquid" according to the GHS definition and inhalation of its gas is not expected.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 4 Warning H332: Harmful if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
Based on the LC50 value (4 hours) of 2,770ppm, calculated from the testing data of rat LC50 (4-hour inhalation of vapour) of 11.7mg/L, 11.9mg/L (4 hours) (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004), was lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration (6,600ppm) under a saturated vapour pressure of 0.67kPa (CERI Hazard Data 96-46 (1998)), the substance was considered as "vapour containing substantially no mist" and was classified based on standard values expressed in ppm.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Based on the evidence of "moderate irritation" from rabbit skin irritation tests.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Based on the description in the report on human epidemiological studies and rabbit eye irritation tests (CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004): "moderate irritation (for seven days)."
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Warning H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the absence of data on germ cell multi-generation mutagenicity/mutagenicity tests in vivo, positive data on somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (chromosome aberration tests, micronucleus tests), and the absence of data on germ cell genotoxicity tests in vivo (As for positive data on DNA single-strand break analysis (No.36) of the brain, liver, kidneys, lungs and testes of a mouse, an analysis was conducted exclusively on germ cells - the results of which are considered "ambiguous" by experts.), described in ACGIH (7th, 2001) and CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004)
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Due to the fact that the substance is classified as Group 2B by IARC (2002).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1B Danger H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the description in CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004): Three-generation reproduction studies in rats suggest a decrease in the survival rates of F1 and F2 newborns at dose levels not toxic to F0; Developmental toxicity and lactational administration studies in rats suggest brain serotonin depletion, a delay in righting/auditory reflexes and many other behavioral abnormalities in offspring at dosing levels not toxic to dams.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) Danger
Warning
H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system)
H335: May cause respiratory irritation (respiratory tract irritation)
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
Based on the human evidence including "eye/nose irritation, effects on the central nervous systems" (EHC 26 (1993)), (CERI Hazard Data 96-46 (1998)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory system, nervous system, blood system, liver) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system, nervous system, blood system, liver) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the human evidence including "valid conclusions can be drawn neither from human cases nor from epidemiological studies because the unknown amount of exposure and the possibility of multiple exposure involving other substances" "Styrene causes 1) irritation to the eyes, skin, nose and larynx, 2) respiratory effects such as obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis, 3) dizziness, headache, exhaustion and confusion, 4) adverse effects on the central nervous system (insomnia), the mental/nervous function (a delay in reaction time, debilitating linguistic memory, etc.), the visual and auditory senses, the blood systems (an increase in lymphocyte count, a decrease in platelet count, etc.) and the liver (an increase in AST/GGT/ALT activity, etc.)" described in CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004). There is also a description in CERI-NITE Hazard Assessment No.52 (2004) of the evidence from animal studies including "vacuolation of the epidermal cells of the nasal/tunica mucous membrane, exfoliated cells, pyknosis, a decrease in SVC (sensory nerve conduction velocity), hepatocyte necrosis."
10 Aspiration hazard Category 1 Danger H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P331: Do NOT induce vomiting.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the fact that styrene is a hydrocarbon and has a dynamic viscosity of 0.772 mm2/s (25degC) (CERI calculated value).

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 2 - - H401: Toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into Category 2 from 96 hours LC50=4.02mg/L of the fish (Fathead Minnows) (CERI/NITE Hazard Assessment Report (2004) and others.).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified - - - - Since there was rapidly degrading (the decomposition by BOD: 100% (Existing Chemical Safety Inspections Data)) and the bio-accumulation was low (log Kow=2.95 (PHYSPROP Database, 2005)), it was claasified into Not classified.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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