GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name：Ethanol
CAS：64-17-5

Result：
ID: 662
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 2 Danger H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN （or hair）: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Category 2 because of its flash point: 13degC and boiling point: 78.5degC. UNRTDG No. 1170, Class: 3, PGII or III
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive or self-reactive properties present in the molecule.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Since the ignition points was 422.78 degC (ACGIH (2001)) (> 70 degC), it carried out the outside of Category.
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metaloids(B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing oxygen (but not chlorine and fluorine) chemically bonded only to carbon and hydrogen (but not to other elements).
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Containing no -0-0- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Not classified - - - - UNRTDG No.1170, Class: 3

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Not classified - - - - It was set as the outside of Category by the statement of "rat oral LD50=6.2-17.8 g/kg bw.>5 g/kg bw" (DFGOT vol.7 (1996, p148) and Patty (5th, 2005, p385)).
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Classification not possible - - - - No data available
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Not classified - - - - Since LC 50 = 20000ppm/10H for rat inhalation (RTECS (2004)) is less than ethanol saturated vapor pressure concentration of 56580ppm at 20degC, it is considered to be an inhalation test with steam. Furthermore, based on 20000ppm/10H*sqrt(10)/sqrt(4)= 31600ppm/4h >12500ppm (gas: 5000ppm (Category 4) *2.5), it was classified as out of Category.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Not classified - - - - "Rat inhalation LC50 (4h) = about 63000ml/m3 = 63000ppm (based on the definition of DFG. DFGOT (1996))". Since it was over the ethanol saturated vapor pressure pressures concentrations of 56580ppm in 20degC, it was classified as an inhalation test by mist. Furthermore, based on 63000ppm*1.88mg/m3 = 118mg/L >12.5mg/L (mist 5mg/L(mist 4 Category) *2.5), it considered as the outside of Category.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified - - - - It was classified as out of Category by the statement of "not being stimulative in the test according to OECD TG404 and American guidelines" (DFGOT (1996)).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A-2B Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 		Based on statements of "by the test according to OECD TG405 and Draize test, it was classified with moderate"(DFGOT (1996)), and "the injury of an anterior epithelium of cornea, and conjunctival injection in humans recover in 1 or 2 days" (ACGIH (2001)), it was set as Category 2A-2B.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Although there are case reports on humans, such as asthmatic inducement by an asthmatic's alcoholic suction, it is not considered that the origin is an allergic reaction" (DFGOT (1996)). However, since the knowledge about the inhalation sensitization in the other humans and data on inhalation sensitization tests of animals are not found, it was decided that it could not be classified due to insufficiency of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Although there are statements of skin sensitization that there are case reports of contact dermatitis caused by the allergic reaction to alcohol in humans(DFGOT (1996)), as there are cases in which cross reactions with other first class or second class alcohol may be seen in humans and no significant skin sensitization is identified in animal tests, the description that Aethanol has the skin sensitization cannot be fully supported with data. (ACGIH (2001), DFGOT (1996), IUCLID (2000)) .Therefore, it was decided that the skin sensitization could not be classified due to the absence of sufficient data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 1B Danger H340: May cause genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		We classifies it as Category 1B. Based on the report of dominant fatality in the rat and the mouse, and on the report of the heteroploidy induction in the mouse productive cells (DFG (1999), IARC (1988)).
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified - - - - It has classified into the group 1 according to IARC as "carcinogenic is in humans as a tonsil paint." This acknowledges which the causal relationship of the esophagus system cancer, liver cancer and an alcoholic drinks, based on numerous epidemiological studies of the humans who take in an alcoholic drinks habitually (DFGOT (1996)). On the other hand, ACGIH has classified ethanol into A4 (the substance which cannot be classificationed into human carcinogenicity, ACGIH (1996)) mainly as a hazardous property factor in work environment. Here, the hazardousness of alcoholic beverages as luxury grocery items was not assessed and classified, but it thought that the toxicity of ethanol was assessed. Therefore, it carried out the outside of Category according to A4 classified by ACGIH and technical guide.
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1A Danger H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		It is classified into the Category 1A because it is reported that many adverse effect as fetal malformation etc. to human embryo by habitual large intakes of alcohol (DFGOT (1996)).
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 3 （Respiratory tract irritation, Narcotic effects） Warning H335: May cause respiratory irritation (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects)
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects) 		P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		There is the description that "the oral ingestion of ethanol may effect to central nervous systems, may cause the headache, fatigue, the fall of concentration (ICSC (2000)), and may cause death in the case of acute intoxication in human"(DFGOT (1996)), and the descriptioin that "inhalation by 5000ppm (9.4mg/L) causes the respiratory iritation, stupor, pathological sleep in human"(ACGIH (2001)). So it is classified into Category 3 (respiratory irritation, anesthetic action)
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (liver), Category 2 (nervous system) Danger
Warning 		H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (liver)
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (nervous system) 		P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		"A damage is caused in almost all organs of humans by long-term extensive alcohol ingestion, and the target organ which has a most harmful effects is liver. The disorder started the fatty degeneration and finished in the hepatic cirrhosis after affecting necrotic and fibrillization.(DFGOT (1996))." According to this statement, it was classified to Category 1. Moreover, it was classified to as Category 2 (nerve) based on the statement of "withdrawals symptoms of alcoholics (symptoms of tremor, epilepsy, mental confusions)" (HSDB, (2003)).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Not classified - - - - It carried out the outside of Category from 48-hour LC50=5463.9mg/L of Crustacea(Daphnia magna) (ECETOC TR91, 2003).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Not classified - - - - Since not water-insoluble (water solubility=1.00*106mg/L(PHYSPROP Database, 2005)) and acute toxicity is low.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW

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Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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