GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:Morpholine
CAS:110-91-8

Result:
ID: 995
Classifier: Inter-ministerial Committee on GHS
Year Classified: FY2006
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Manual (10 Feb, 2006)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 3 Warning H226: Flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Flash point: >=23degC and <=60degC
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive or self-reactive properties present in the molecule.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Flash point: 255degC (Hommel, 1991 Card No.139)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - UNRTDG Class: 8, Subsidiary risks Class: 3
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metaloids(B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing oxygen (but not chlorine and fluorine) chemically bonded only to carbon and hydrogen (but not to other elements).
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Containing no -0-0- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Although it is classified into the class 8 in UNRTDG, identification with skin corrosivity cannot be performed. Moreover, although there is information that it corrodes metal (HSDB (2006)), there is no data by standard test methods.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Rat LD50 value: 1450mg/kg (MOE Risk Assessment vol.4, 2005), 1050mg/kg (EHC 179, 1996, ACGIH 7th, 2001, PATTY 4th, 1994, IARC 47, 1989), 1600mg/kg (EHC 179, 1996, PATTY 4th, 1994, IARC 47, 1989), 1900mg/kg (EHC 179, 1996), 1420mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994) and 1610mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994). Based on the data above, the value of LD50:1287mg/kg was calculated and it was classified as category 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3 Danger H311: Toxic in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since calculated LD50 was 386.4mg/kg, it was set as Category 3. Calculated based on rabbit LD50 value: 500ul/kg (reduced value: 503.5mg/kg, EHC 179, 1996, ACGIH 7th, 2001, IARC 47, 1989, PATTY 4th, 1994), 310 - 810mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994), and 1210mg/kg (PATTY 4th, 1994).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 3 Danger H331: Toxic if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P311: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Rat inhalation LC50 value (4 hours) is 7.8mg/L (equivalent: 2192ppm) (EHC 179, 1996, PATTY 4th, 1994, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989). With this concentration, the steam can be judged to be with almost no mist from its vapor pressure, and was classified as Category 3 by the ppm concentration standard value.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1A-1C Danger H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
There are statements that it has the moderate irritation to human skin (ACGIH 7th, 2001, PATTY 4th, 1994), and that it may cause redness, a pain, a burn, a blister and shows caustic when attached to the skin (MOE Risk Assessment the 4th volume, 2005). On the other hand, from description that a severe necrosis, chemical burn and inflammation are acknowledged by cutaneous administration to rabbits, and it has caustic (EHC 179, 1996, PATTY 4th, 1994, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989, ACGIH 7th, 2001), it was set as Category 1A-1C.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Based on the description that the edema of membrana mucosa, corneal opacity, and staphyloma were acknowledged when applied to the eyes of the rabbits (EHC 179, 1996), on the description that severe irritation was acknowledged when eyedrop was applied in the solution diluted to 1-40% (EHC 179, 1996, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989, PATTY 4th, 1994), and on the description that the solution of this product developed edema to the cornea of the human eyes (International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989), and on the description that it had severe irritant property (ACGIH 7th, 2001, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989, PATTY 4th, 1994). So we classified it as Category 2A
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - Although there was description that it did not indicate sensitizing property (EHC 179, 1996, PATTY 4th, 1994) in the skin sensitization study by the improved Buehler method using a guinea pigs, there was no description which negates skin sensitization clearly, therefore we presupposed that we could not classify since the insufficiency of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Warning H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Although it is negative in the dominant lethal test using a rat (PATTY 4th, 1994), it is positive in the chromosomal aberration test using the marrow cells of a rat and a guinea pig (EHC 179, 1996), and there was no data of an in vivo genotoxicity study using a germ cell. So it is set as Category 2.
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified - - - - Since it was classified into a group 3 in IARC (IARC 71, 1999) and A4 in ACGIH (ACGIH 7th, 2001), it was considered as the outside of Category.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - There are description effect on the genitalium of male and female in the inhalation exposure test for 104 weeks in the rat was not observed. And the description that on genitalium of both sexes even in the test which carried out drinking water medication of the oleic acid salt of this substance to mouse for 96 weeks, effect was not observed. And the description that in the test which administered orally the oleic acid salt of this substance to fetus organogenesis period in pregnant rats, there was no affect to an fetus even at dose which clinical symptoms manifestation to dam (all are the 4th volume of a MOE Risk Assessment document and 2005). Since there was no description which negates reproductive toxicity clearly, it cannot be classified due to insufficient data.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (respiratory system) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (respiratory system) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
The substance was classified as Category 1 (respiratory system) based on the reports that increased respiratory rate and pulmonary irritation were observed in rats fume inhalation exposure tests (PATTY 4th, 1994), and that it causes burning sensations, coughs, breathing difficulties, shortness of breath, and pulmonary edema in humans inhalation (MOE Risk Assessment, Vol.4 (2005)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory system) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (respiratory system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
We classified it into Category 1 (respiratory systems) based on the description that in the repeated inhalation exposure test for 13 weeks and 104 weeks in a rat, tissue injury, such as a cell necrosis, erosion, and an increase in squamous metaplasia, was observed in respiratory organs, such as a nasal cavity (MOE Risk Assessment the 4th volume, 2005, EHC 179, 1996, ACGIH 7th, 2001, PATTY 4th, 1994, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989), and based on the description that respiratory irritant was observed in occupational inhalation exposure to human (MOE Risk Assessment the 4th volume, 2005, ACGIH 7th, 2001, International Agency for Res. on Cancer 47, 1989).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3 - - H402: Harmful to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
It was classified into Category 3 from 96-hour ErC50=28mg/L of algae (Selenastrum) (EHC179, 1996).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 3 - - H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 3, since acute toxicity was Category 3 and not rapidly degrading (BOD: 0% (existing chemical safety inspections data)), though less bio-accumulative (BCF=0.65 (existing chemical safety inspections data)).


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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