GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:4-chloro-o-toluidine
CAS:95-69-2

Result:
ID: 20A2023
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2008
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (Sep, 2008)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solid Not classified - - - - Since the substance does not ignite readily (ERG, 2008), it is not readily combustible.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Its autoignition point is > 540degC (Hommel (1996)), which is > 70degC.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140degC) substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing chlorine (but not fluorine and oxygen), with chlorine chemically bonded only to carbon.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the rat LD50 of 1000mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)), the substance was classified into Category 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 4 Warning H312: Harmful in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the rat LD50 of 1800mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)), the substance was classified into Category 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Classification not possible - - - - Occlusive application of the substance to the skin of rats for 24 hours did not cause local skin irritation (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). However, the tests were not conventional skin irritation tests with their focus on acute toxicity. As such, classification is not possible based only on this result.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Warning H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
While negative results were obtained from in vivo reciprocal translocation tests using mice (in vivo heritable mutagenicity tests) and micronucleus tests using the bone marrow cells of Chinese hamsters (in vivo mutagenicity tests using somatic cells), positive results were obtained from mouse spot tests (in vivo mutagenicity tests using somatic cells) (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). Based on the positive results, the substance was classified into Category 2. Since there are no in vivo data on 4-chloro-o-toluidine, and all evaluations have been made on its hydrochloride compound, classification was done based on these evaluations. As relevant notes, DNA integration tests using livers of mice and rats (in vivo genotoxicity tests using somatic cells) yielded negative results, while in vitro mutagenicity tests using several indices (reverse mutation tests using bacteria, and chromosomal aberration tests using cultured mammalian cells, etc) yielded positive results.
6 Carcinogenicity Category 1B Danger H350: May cause cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on Group 2A classification by IARC (IARC 77 (2000)) and Group 2A classification by Japan Society for Occupational Health (Recommendations of Occupational Exposure Limits vol. 49 (2007)), the substance was classified into Category 1B. In the oral route exposure tests in which rats were exposed for 94-107 weeks and mice were exposed for 80-99 weeks, frequencies of liver cancer and overgrowth of glands increased in rats; and frequencies of angiosarcoma, reticulum sarcoma and other malignant tumors increased in mice, with all increases occurred in a dose-dependent fashion (IARC 77 (2000), DFGOT vol. 6 (1994), NTP 11th, report on carcinogens (1988)). In addition, there are several reports on the results of epidemiological surveys that indicate increased cases of bladder cancer in humans through occupational exposure (IARC 77 (2000), DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible - - - - Insufficient data available.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (urinary bladder, blood) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (urinary bladder, blood) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
The effects 4-chloro-o-toluidine exposure on industrial workers resulted in bloody urine, in some cases, accompanied with pain on urination and exfoliation of urinary bladder epithelium. Furthermore, cases of difficulty in urination, decreased capacity of the urinary bladder and lower abdominal pain were noted; and necrotic epithelial damage, bleeding, and edemas were detected in cystoscopy. In these cases, methemoglobinemia was observed in about a half of the affected workers. From these results, the substance was classified into Category 1 (urinary bladder, blood).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (urinary bladder, blood system) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (urinary bladder, blood system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
As the result of 4-chloro-o-toluidine exposure, bloody urine has been reported in many production plant workers (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). Documented cases of accidental inhalation or dermal exposure include bloody urine, difficulty in urination, frequent urination, occasional abdominal pain, cystitis, cystorrhagia, cyanosis, methemoglobinemia and decreased amount of hemoglobin (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). Acute hemorrhage cystitis was detected by bladder biopsy, which involved desquamation of urinary bladder epithelium and focal ulceration of mucous membranes (DFGOT vol. 6 (1994)). Based on the fact that bladder injuries resulted from exposure to this substance have been reported several times from epidemiological surveys, and based on cyanosis, methemoglobinemia, and decreased amount of hemoglobin documented, the substance was classified into Category 1 (urinary bladder, blood).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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