GHS Classification Result

Chemical Name:2,4-dichlorophenol
CAS:120-83-2

Result:
ID: 20A2049
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2008
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (Sep, 2008)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solid Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Its flash point is > 500degC (Hommel (1996)), which is higher than 70degC.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140degC) substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing oxygen and chlorine (but not fluorine) that are chemically bonded only to carbon and hydrogen.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Not classified - - - - The rat LD50 values documented are 580mg/kg, 4000mg/kg, and 2830mg/kg (EHC 93 (1989), NTP TR353 (1989)). Since 2 of these 3 values are equivalent to the "Not classified" category, the substance was classified into "Not classified" using JIS classification criteria (Category 5 in the United Nations classification).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3 Danger H311: Toxic in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since the rat LD50 = 780mg/kg (OECD guidelines 402) (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified into Category 3.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Category 3 Danger H331: Toxic if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P311: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since the rat LC50 = 0.97mg/L/4h (using a protocol similar to OECD TG 403) (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified into Category 3.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Danger H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In acute dermal toxicity tests using rats (OECD guidelines 402), severe irritation accompanying necrosis was observed. At low doses, skin lesions slightly improved after 2 weeks, and at high doses recovery was rarely observed (IUCLID (2000)). In addition to these results, its EU classification is R34 (causes burns). Thus, the substance was classified into Category 1.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Danger H318: Causes serious eye damage P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
Since it is skin corrosive and its EU classification is R34 (causes burns), the substance was classified into Category 1.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on negative results from micronucleus tests using mice (in vivo mutagenicity tests) (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified into "Not classified". Sister chromatid exchange tests using mice (in vivo genotoxicity tests) also yielded negative results (IUCLID (2000)). Among in vitro tests, Ames tests and chromosomal aberration tests using CHO cells yielded negative results (NTP (database) (accessed July 2008)), while mutation tests using mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells yielded positive results (NTP (database) (accessed July 2008)).
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified - - - - In carcinogenicity tests using rats and mice that underwent oral exposure for 2 years, high doses were associated with decreased body weight. There was no significant difference in survival rates among different doses tested including control, and exposure of both animal species to the substance did not increase the frequency of tumorigenesis (NTP TR353 (1989)). Since no evidence of carcinogenicity was detected (NTP TR353 (1989), the substance was classified into "Not classified". IARC documented that exposure to polychlorinated phenol complex or its sodium salts may have carcinogenic effects on humans and the complex was classified into Group 2B. However, there was no evidence that this substance itself is carcinogenic in animal tests (IARC 71 (1999)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Not classified - - - - In reproductive studies, female rats that were administered for 90 days with the substance mixed in water were mated with non-treated males, and mated females were continued to be administered until parturition. At high doses, decreased litter size was observed, but it was not clear if this reduction was resulted from secondary effects of maternal toxicity (IARC 71 (1999)). In addition, it was implied that the substance did not directly affect fecundity (NTP TR353 (1989)). Similar results were obtained after mice of both sexes were administered for 90 days with the substance mixed in water, mated, and continued to be administered through the gestational period: there were no effects on fertility, and fetal toxicity was not observed (IUCLID (2000)). From these 2 documents, it was concluded that the substance has no adverse effects on reproductive functions and fertility. Furthermore, developmental toxicity tests were conducted in which rats were orally administered during the organogenetic period. Decreased body weight of maternal animals occurred at all doses tested, and delayed ossification and mortality of early embryos were observed (IARC 71 (1999)). However, these adverse effects were associated only with high doses that caused mortality of parental animals, and thus do not provide grounds for classification. No adverse effects on the offspring were detected. Overall, since no adverse effects were recognized on reproductive functions, fertility, and development of the offspring, the substance was classified into "Not classified".
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) Danger
Warning
H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system)
H335: May cause respiratory irritation (respiratory tract irritation)
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
In oral route acute toxicity tests using mice (similar to OECD guidelines 401), the LD50 values were 1276-1352mg/kg (that are equivalent to Category 2 guidance values), and the central nervous system disorder was observed with symptoms such as ataxia, loss of righting reflex, slight tremors, and salivation detected (IUCLID (2000)). In addition, in dermal route acute toxicity tests using rats (OECD guidelines 402), marked decrease in motor activity and respiratory impairment were observed at 300mg/kg or higher that are equivalent to the Category 1 guidance values, and these symptoms continued after 9 days (IUCLID (2000)). Based on these results, the substance was classified into Category 1 (central nervous system). Moreover, inhalation exposure tests using rats (similar to OECD guidelines 403) resulted in irritation of the eyes and nasal mucosa at nonlethal doses, and these symptoms disappeared within 24 hours (IUCLID (2000)). From these results, the substance was classified into Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Classification not possible - - - - In 13-week repeated oral administration tests using rats and mice, no significant toxic effects were observed at 5000 ppm (500mg/kg/day) or lower doses; at 10000 ppm (1000mg/kg/day) or higher doses, bone marrow atrophy was observed (NTP TR353 (1989)). In mice, increased frequencies of hepatic necrosis were observed only in males in a dose-dependent fashion. However, lesions were insignificant at 2500-10000 ppm (400-1300mg/kg/day) (NTP TR353 (1989)). From these results, administration doses within the range of guidance values are thought to be not linked to severe toxicity. In 2-year repeated oral exposure tests, no serious changes were observed in rats treated at 120-440mg/kg/day and in mice treated at 430-1300mg/kg/day (NTP TR353 (1989)). In addition, in 6-month and 90-day exposure tests using mice, serious toxic effects were not observed at 230mg/kg/day (6-month tests) and at 40-491mg/kg/day (90-day tests) (NTP TR353 (1989)). No serious toxic effects detected in above 6 tests, using administration doses within the range of guidance values, suggest the classification of the substance into the "Not classified" category (oral route). However, because no data on other routes were available, the substance was classified into "Classification not possible".
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 2 - - H401: Toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since the 48-hour LC50 is 1.4mg/L for crustaceans (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2006), the substance was classified into Category 2.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 2 - H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Since its classification for acute toxicity is Category 2, and it is not rapidly degradable (non-biodegradable, BOD degradability: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1982)), the substance was classified into Category 2.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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