GHS Classification Result (Revision of the past classification result)

Chemical Name:1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene, (Chlordane)
CAS:57-74-9

Result:
ID: 21B3005
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Not classified - - - - Not combustible (NAERG (J) (2001))
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified from "Non-combustible" (NAERG (J) (2001)).
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified from "Non-combustible" (NAERG (J) (2001)).
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - The substance contains chlorine (but not fluorine or oxygen) in the molecule which is chemically bonded only to carbon.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 values of 83 mg/kg (ATSDR (1994)), 283 mg/kg (EHC 34 (1984)), 327 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)), 335 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)), 350 mg/kg (EHC 34 (1984)), 371 mg/kg (JMPR 180 (1970)), 392 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)), 430 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)), 500 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)), 570 mg/kg (IARC vol. 79 (2001)) and 590 mg/kg (ACGIH (2001)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4 since 9 of 11 LD50 values are in this category.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3 Danger H311: Toxic in contact with skin P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P322: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 values of 205 mg/kg (EHC 34 (1984)), 530 mg/kg (EHC 34 (1984)) and 590 - 840 mg/kg (ACGIH (2001)) for rats and a LD50 value of 1100 - 1200 mg/kg for rabbits (EHC 34 (1984)), the substance was classified into Category 3 since most of the LD50 values are in this category.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data. As relevant information, a LC50 value was 100 mg/m3 for cats (RTECS (2005)).
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Based on a report of "severe" irritating in a rabbit acute dermal toxicity test (usually occlusive application for 24-hour) (EHC 34 (1984)) and a report of reported burning sensations of the skin and rashes and pruritus in cases of accidental acute dermal exposure (ATSDR (1994)), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, in EU classification, the substance is classified into Xn; R21 (Harmful in contact with skin)/R22.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2 Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Based on reports that accidental spraying of the substance in the eyes consistently resulted in conjunctivitis (ATSDR (1994)) and that use of chlordane often resulted in irritation of the eyes, mucous membranes, and/or skin of industrial and agricultural workers (HSDB (2005), the substance was classified into Category 2.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - A guinea pig skin sensitizing test was conducted with the substance (ATSDR (1994)). Another sensitizing test is also reported (HSDB (2005)), however, the details such as test method and animal species used are not clear. Classification was not possible due to lack of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Warning H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Although there is a report of negative results in dominant lethal tests by oral administration to mice (in vivo heritable mutagenicity tests) (EHC 34 (1984), IARC 79 (2001)), based on positive results in a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test (ATSDR (1994)) and a chromosomal aberration test (IARC 79 (2001)) (in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity tests), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, from in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of negative Ames tests (IARC 79 (2001), ATSDR (1994)), CHO cell (ATSDR (1994)), negative human fibroblast mutagenicity tests (IARC 79 (2001)), and a positive human lymphocyte SCE test (IARC 79 (2001)).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on the classifications of "Group 2B" in IARC (2001), Category 2B in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (2002) and "A3" in ACGIH (1996), the substance was classified into Category 2. In 80-week and 2-year oral tests, rats showed an increase in the incidence of thyroid follicular-cell neoplasms, malignant fibrous histiocytomas and hepatocellular adenomas, and mice showed an increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatocellular adenomas (IARC 79 (2001)). A number of epidemiologic tests suggest no significant association between exposure and the development of cancers of the lung or other sites (IARC 79 (2001)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2, Additional category: Effects on or via lactation Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
H362: May cause harm to breast-fed children
P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P263: Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
There is a report that in a generation test in rats by oral exposure, decreased viability of pups and reduced number of mated females that delivered litters were observed at doses in which general toxicity was noted, and none of the litters survived to weaning at high doses (EHC 34 (1984), ATSDR (1994)). In an oral test by exposure during gestation (until birth), an increase in percent loss of pups per litter was seen (IRIS (2002), ATSDR (1994)). Possible explanations for these findings were direct exposure to chemical through maternal milk, or inability of dam to lactate or care for the pups. In the high-dose group, 55% of the offspring of the dams died within the nursing period. It is possible that exposure to high levels of the test substance and/or metabolites in the dam's milk may were responsible for these deaths (ATSDR (1994)). The offspring of mice orally treated at 2.5 mg/kg exhibited neurobehavioral effects (depressed acquisition of avoidance response and increased exploratory activity etc.). The authors concluded that the substance affected the fetal brain and exposure could also have occurred via nursing (ATSDR (1994)). Because of the decreased viability of pups and the reduced number of mated females are probably effects of prenatal exposure, the substance was classified into Category 2 and "Effects on or via lactation".
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (nervous system) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (nervous system) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
There are numerous reports for humans in which exposure caused neurologic symptoms such as convulsion, vomiting, ataxia or confusion (IARC 79 (2001), EHC 34 (1984), PIMs (2000)). Based on human exposure data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (nervous system). As relevant information, a transient increase in hepatic enzymes was reported (IARC 79 (2001)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (nervous system, liver, blood) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (nervous system, liver, blood) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In a 15-day repeated oral administration test in rats, convulsions and death were noted at a dose level of 50 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 8.3 mg/kg) (IARC 79 (2001)). From epidemiological tests, there is a report that a segment of a municipal water system in TN (USA) was contaminated with chlordane and 71 of 105 residents in affected houses reported contact with contaminated water. 13 of the residents (18%) complained to have mild symptoms (gastro-intestinal and/or neurological) following exposure (IARC 79 (2001)). Neurophysiological and neuropsychological tests were performed on 216 adult occupants of an apartment complex. The exterior of the building had been sprayed with chlordane 7 years earlier. The most notable changes observed in the residents were slowing of reaction time, balance dysfunction, reductions in cognitive function, and deficits of immediate and delayed recall (IRIS (1997)). Based on the information, the substance was classified into Category 1 (nervous system). In a 2-year oral test in mice, degeneration and necrosis in the liver were noted at dose levels of 5 mg/kg and 12.5 mg/kg (IARC 79 (2001)). In a 2-year oral test in rats, hepatocellular alterations consisting of cytoplasmic oxyphilia and hyalinization, karyorrhexis, and cell necrosis were obvious dose-dependent effects at 10 - 300 mg/kg (EHC 34 (1984)). Based on these reports, the substance was classified into Category 1 (liver). Additionally, in epidemiological tests, many cases of chlordane exposure-related hematologic diseases such as aplastic anaemia, leukaemia, hypoplastic anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and pernicious anaemia were reported (IARC 79 (2001)). Based on these reports, the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system). Based on all information, the substance was classified into Category 1 (nervous system, liver, blood system).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 from its 96h-LC50 = 0.4 microg/L for Crustacea (Pink shrimp) (EHC 34, 1984, etc.).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1, it is not rapidly degradable (Non-biodegradable, BOD degradation rate: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1986)), and its bioaccumulative potential is high (BCF= 13900 - 27900 (3 microg/L), 13000 - 26100 (0.3 microg/L) (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1986)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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