GHS Classification Result (Revision of the past classification result)

Chemical Name:1-Allyloxy-2,3-epoxypropane
CAS:106-92-3

Result:
ID: 21B3078
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 3 Warning H226: Flammable liquid and vapour P303+P361+P353: IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P210: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P233: Keep container tightly closed.
P240: Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241: Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242: Use only non-sparking tools.
P243: Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 3 since flash point 48 degC (open-cup) (Sax (11th, 2004)) is >=23 degC and <=60 degC. The substance is classified into Class 3, PG III in UNRTDG (UN2219).
7 Flammable solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified since there is unsaturated bond in the molecules and is classified into Class 3, PG III in UNRTDG (UN2219) , but not into upper risk "Self-reactive".
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified - - - - Classified into Not classified since the substance is classified into Class 3, PG III in UNRTDG (UN2219), but not into upper risk "Pyrophoric".
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 values of 830 - 1600 mg/kg (PATTY (5th, 2001) and 1600 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not classified - - - - Based on a LD50 value of 2550 mg/kg (ACGIH (2001)) for rabbits, the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 in GHS classification). As relevant information, There is a report of mortality at 500 mg/kg for rabbits (DFGOT 7 (1996)), however, the source is limited to DFGOT only. The LD50 value of 2550 mg/kg was reported in ACGIH and used for this classification is cited in a number of assessment documents including DFGOT. In view of a weight of evidence approach, the value of 2550 mg/kg is considered to be more suitable for classification.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 2 Danger H330: Fatal if inhaled P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P284: Wear respiratory protection.
P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P320: Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
LC50 values are 308 ppm/7h (407 ppm/4h) (PATTY (5th, 2001)) and 670 ppm/8h (950 ppm/4h) (ACGIH (2001)) for rats. The category with higher hazard was adopted and the substance was classified into Category 2. Since the test was conducted at lower than 90% of saturated vapour pressure concentration of the substance (6200 ppm), the classification criteria for gas were adopted.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Based on results of "mild to severe irritating" in a rabbit test (PATTY (5th, 2001)) and "moderate irritating" in another test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) No. 68 (2005)) as well as classification of Xi; R37/38 in EU classification (EU-Annex I (access on May 2009)), the substance was classified into Category 2.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Warning H319: Causes serious eye irritation P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Based on results of "severe irritating" followed by complete resolution in a rabbit test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)) and severe but reversible conjunctivitis, iritis and corneal opacity in another rabbit test (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), the substance was classified into Category 2A. In EU classification, the substance is classified into Xi; R41 (EU-Annex I (access on May, 2009)).
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Category 1 Warning H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P333+P313: If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272: Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In a patch test of patients with dermatitis after handling epoxides, 2/20 patients showed positive reaction to this substance (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)). In a patch test of glass sealing manufacturing workers with dermatitis, positive reaction to this substance, which was present as an impurity in a raw material, was observed (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)). In addition, there is a report of sensitizing reaction to this substance in 4/23 workers with occupational dermatitis (PATTY (5th, 2001)). Based on the positive results of patch tests obtained from multiple sources, the substance was classified into Category 1.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2 Warning H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on a positive result in a bone marrow micronucleus test (in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity test) (NTP DB (access on May. 2009)), the substance was classified into Category 2. Negative results are reported in a dominant lethal test by subcutaneous administration to mice and a micronucleus test by inhalation exposure to mice (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)). From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of a positive Ames test and positive chromosomal aberration tests using CHO cells or RL4 cells (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible - - - - In 2-year inhalation tests in rats and mice (NTP TR376 (1990)), there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity for female rats, and equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity for male rats and female mice based on the presence of tumours of respiratory epithelial origin. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity for male mice, based on the presence of three adenomas of the respiratory epithelium, dysplasia in four males, and focal basal cell hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelium in seven males in the nasal passage of mice exposed to 10 ppm. Based on the results of the 2-year inhalation tests in rats and mice, the substance was classified into "A4" in ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), but into Category 3 in EU classification (EU-Annex I (access on May 2009)). Based on the available information, classification was not possible.
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In an inhalation reproductive toxicity test, rats exposed for 8 weeks were mated with control females (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2005)). The reproductive performance of males was found to be impaired. There was a dose dependent decrease in pregnant control females following mating with exposed males (30 ppm and higher dose levels). Since there was no information for the parental general toxicity at these dose levels, the substance was classified into Category 2. In the high dose group (200 ppm), 2 of 20 male rats died and an increased incidence of abnormal sperm morphology and decreased number of corpus lutea were observed.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, kidney) Danger H370: Causes damage to organs (central nervous system, respiratory system, liver, kidney) P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In acute oral toxicity tests with rats and mice (LD50 values: 830 - 1600 mg/kg for rats, 390 mg/kg for mice), administration resulted in labored breathing and central nervous system depression, preceded by incoordination, ataxia and reduced motor activity (PATTY (5th, 2001)). Central nervous system depression is also reported in an inhalation test in mice (vapour: 0.96 - 3.6 mg/L) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) (2005)). Since the dose levels were within the guidance value range, the substance was classified into Category 1 (central nervous system). In the above oral toxicity tests, occasionally the liver showed focal areas of necrosis (PATTY (5th, 2001)). In an acute inhalation toxicity test with mice (LC50 value: 270 ppm/4h (1.3 mg/L/4h)), occasionally, hepatic focal inflammatory cells and moderate congestion were observed (PATTY (5th, 2001)). Since the inhalation dose level was within the guidance value range for Category 1, the substance was classified into Category 1 (liver). In an acute inhalation toxicity test with mice (LC50 value: 270 ppm/4h (1.3 mg/L/4h)), lung irritation and pneumonitis was confirmed by microscopic examination (PATTY (5th, 2001)). In rats, pulmonary edema was observed at 500 ppm/7h (2.334 mg/L/4h) and higher doses following inhalation exposure (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) (2005)). Additionally, in another inhalation test in mice (vapour: 0.96 - 3.6 mg/L), severe irritative symptoms including dyspnea was noted (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) (2005)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory system). In an inhalation test in rats, congestion in the kidney was observed at 300 ppm/7h (1.8 mg/L/4h) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) (2005)), and it is reported that "main target organ following acute oral or dermal exposure is kidney" (PATTY (5th, 2001)). Therefore, the substance was classified into Category 1 (kidney).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (upper respiratory tract) Danger H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (upper respiratory tract) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In a 13-week inhalation test with rats (NTP TR376 (1990)), squamous metaplasia of the nasal passage including the respiratory epithelium and the olfactory epithelium was seen at all exposure concentrations (4 - 200 ppm (0.019 - 0.95 mg/L)). The severity of the changes was dose-dependent. Erosion in the nasal passage and squamous metaplasia of the upper respiratory tract were observed at 30 ppm (0.14 mg/L) and higher levels in this test. In a 13-week inhalation test in mice (NTP TR376 (1990)), squamous metaplasia of the nasal passage including the respiratory epithelium and the olfactory epithelium were also observed at concentration of 10 - 30 ppm (0.048 - 0.14 mg/L), and epithelial erosion was seen at 30 ppm (0.14 mg/L) only. In a 50-day inhalation test in rats (ACGIH (2001)), bronchopneumonia, emphysema, bronchiectasis and pneumonitis were observed at 400 ppm (1.9 mg/L/7h; 90-day equivalence: 1.12 mg/L/6h) and higher levels. However, the findings were noted at dose levels exceeding the guidance value range. As above, adverse effects are found at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 1 following repeated inhalation exposure, and the site of occurrence is limited to the upper respiratory tract including the respiratory epithelium and olfactory epithelium. Based on the results, the substance was classified into Category 1 (upper respiratory tract).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 3 - - H402: Harmful to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 3 from its 96h-LC50 = 30 mg/L for fish (Goldfish) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO), 2005, etc.).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 3 - - H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 3 since its acute toxicity is Category 3 and it is not rapidly degradable (BOD degradation rate: 37% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1995)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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