NITE - Chemical Management Field

GHS Classification Result （Revision of the past classification result）

Chemical Name：p-Nitrochlorobenzene
CAS：100-00-5

Result：


ID:	21B3162
Classifier:	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified:	FY2009
Reference Manual:	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Classified into Not classified since the substance is classified into Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN1578) and is not "Explosives" though there are chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules. The calculated oxygen balance is -122 (calculated value), exothermic decomposition energy is 2050 J/g (Bretherick (7th, 2007)) and initial thermal decomposition temperature is 300 - 450 degC (Bretherick (7th, 2007)).
2	Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases）	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
7	Flammable solids	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Classified into Not classified since the substance is classified into Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN1578) though there are chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules and exothermic decomposition energy is 2050 J/g (Bretherick (7th, 2007)).
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	-	-	-	-	Auto-ignition point is 510 degC (Hommel (1996)) exceeding 70 degC.
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 degC) substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is an organic compound containing oxygen which is chemically bonded to atoms (nitrogen) except carbon or hydrogen. Information is available that "The substance is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible or reducing substances." (ICSC (1997)).
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity （Oral）	Category 4		Warning	H302: Harmful if swallowed	P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P330: Rinse mouth. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	LD50 values are 530 mg/kg (ACGIH (2001)), 294 mg/kg, 565 mg/kg, 664 mg/kg, 694 mg/kg (SIDS (2002)) and 200 - 810 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 57 (2005)) for rats. The substance was classified into Category 4 since most of the values are in this category.
1	Acute toxicity （Dermal）	Category 3		Danger	H311: Toxic in contact with skin	P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P322: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P361: Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	LD50 values of 750 mg/kg and 1722 mg/kg for rats (SIDS (2002)) correspond to Category 3 or 4. LD50 values of 2510 mg/kg, 3550 mg/kg (SIDS (2002)), >3040 mg/kg (ACGIH (2001)) and 2000 - 3160 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 57 (2005)) for rabbits correspond to "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 in GHS classification). The category for rats with the higher hazard was adopted and the substance was classified into Category 3.
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases）	Not applicable	-	-	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours）	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
1	Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists）	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data for 4-hour application tests. In rabbit tests by occlusive application to rabbit skin for 24-hour, the substance was judged to be slightly irritating to the skin of rabbits using a paste of test substance or not irritating to the skin using undissolved solid test substance. The two rabbit test-reports have deficiencies with regard to the report of the results (SIDS (2002)).
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2B	-	Warning	H320: Causes eye irritation	P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.	3 rabbit tests have been conducted. In the first test, slight conjunctival injection (6/6 animals) was observed and disappeared within 8 days (SIDS (2002)). In the second test, where eyes were washed after application of the substance, transient corneal cloudiness was observed and disappeared within 4-hour (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). In the third test, transient corneal cloudiness was observed, however the details are unknown (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). Based on the reports, the substance was classified into Category 2B.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Although there is a report of a positive result in a rat 5-month inhalation test (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)), the details are not clear. Classification was not possible due to lack of other data.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data for skin sensitizing tests approved by OECD.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2		Warning	H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects	P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Based on a positive result from an in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test (OECD TG474 (GLP)) (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, in vivo tests, there are reports of a negative rat bone marrow chromosomal aberration test (OECD TG475 (GLP)) (SIDS (2002)) and Chinese hamster bone marrow sister chromatid exchange test, and positive results in mouse brain, liver and kidney DNA damage tests (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of positive and negative CHO cell chromosomal aberration tests and Ames tests (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)), and a positive mouse lymphoma test (SIDS (2002)).
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2		Warning	H351: Suspected of causing cancer	P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Two-year oral (feeding) tests were conducted in rats and mice. In rats, increased incidences of fibrosarcoma in the spleen, osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma, sarcoma N.O.S, fibroma and pheochromocytoma in the adrenal gland were observed in both sexes, and the carcinogenicity of p-chloronitrobenzene in F344/DuCrj (Fischer) rats was indicated. In mice, increased incidences of hemangioma, malignant lymphoma and hepatocellular carcinoma were observed in the males, and increased incidences of angiosarcoma in the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma were observed in females. However, it is not possible to conclude that p-chloronitrobenzene is carcinogenic in Crj:BDF1 mice due to the low incidences (Results from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) (1991)). Based on the data, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has made a public announcement on guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health based on Industrial Safety and Health Act Article 28-3 (2006). The substance was classified into Category 2. The substance is classified into "3" in IARC (IARC 65 (1996)), "A3" in ACGIH (ACGIH-TLV (1985)) and "3" in EU classification (EU-Annex I (access on Jul. 2009)). The result from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) (1991) was not used in these classifications.
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 2		Warning	H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child	P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. P201: Obtain special instructions before use. P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P281: Use personal protective equipment as required. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	In a continuous breeding test in mice (oral (GLP)), a significant decrease in fertility was noted (ACGIH (2001), Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). In a developmental toxicity test in rats (oral, OECD TG414 (GLP)), increased incidence of skeletal malformations were observed in fetuses at dose levels in which maternal toxicity was observed, as indicated by decreased body weights (ACGIH (2001), Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, in repeated dose tests in rats and mice (inhalation (GLP)), decreased spermatogenesis, decrease in average estrous cycle length (rats) and an increase in estrous cycle length (mice) were noted (SIDS (2002)).
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (blood)		Danger	H370: Causes damage to organs (blood)	P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）. P405: Store locked up. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Acute toxic effects including "hemolytic anemia and cyanosis attribute to methemoglobin formation" are reported in humans (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006)). These symptoms were observed in occupationally exposed workers and children who ingested the substance (ACGIH (2001), SIDS (2002)). The substance was classified into Category 1 (blood). In animals, hematological effects are noted in oral, dermal and inhalation tests in rats (SIDS (2002)).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (blood)		Danger	H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (blood)	P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	In a 90-day oral dose test in rats (OECD TG408 (GLP)), increase in methemoglobin and decreases in hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte count were observed at 3 mg/kg, which falls within the guidance value range for Category 1, and higher dose levels. In addition, increased hematopoietic cell and pigmentation in the spleen, increased hematopoiesis in the bone marrow and hemosiderin pigmentation were observed at 0.0786 mg/L, which falls within the guidance value range for Category 1, and higher dose levels in a 13-week inhalation exposure test in mice (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE) (2006), SIDS (2002)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood). In a 13-week inhalation exposure test in rats (GLP), decreases in spermatid count, sperm concentration and sperm motility and atrophy of seminiferous tubule were observed at 0.1572 mg/L, which falls within the guidance value range for Category 1. These findings correspond to Category 2 of reproductive toxicity, and were not used for this classification.
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Symbol	Signal word	Hazard statement	Precautionary statement	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute）	Category 2	-	-	H401: Toxic to aquatic life	P273: Avoid release to the environment. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Classified into Category 2 from its 96h-LC50 = 2.14 mg/L for Crustacea (Penaeus chinansis) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO), 2005).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term）	Category 2		-	H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects	P273: Avoid release to the environment. P391: Collect spillage. P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...	Classified into Category 2 since its acute toxicity is Category 2 and it is not rapidly degradable (BOD degradation rate: 0% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1976)).
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	-	-	-	-	This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：

Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW	MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW	MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）