GHS Classification Result (Revision of the past classification result)

Chemical Name:1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene
CAS:89-61-2

Result:
ID: 21B3199
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (March, 2009)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance contains chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules and the calculated oxygen balance is -96 (calculated value).
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though there are chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Auto-ignition point is 465 degC (ICSC (J) (2008)) exceeding 70 degC.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 degC) substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable - - - - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is an organic compound containing oxygen which is chemically bonded to atoms (nitrogen) except carbon or hydrogen.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Based on LD50 values of 1000 mg/kg, 1210 mg/kg (Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of Environment) vol. 6 (2008)), 2503 mg/kg (SIDS (1996)) and 1000 - 2503 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4 since most of the values are in this category.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not classified - - - - Based on a LD50 value of >2000 mg/kg for rats (OECD TG402 (GLP)) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 or "Not classified" in GHS classification).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified - - - - In a rabbit skin irritation test (4-hour application) (OECD TG404 (GLP)), only dry skin was found, and no irritation was observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). The substance was classified as "Not classified".
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Not classified - - - - Based on a result of "no irritation" in a rabbit eye irritation test (OECD TG405 (GLP)) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) and a report that "the substance was not irritating to rabbit eyes" (SIDS (1996)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". In another rabbit eye irritation test (Draize test), moderate irritation was noted in one animal (disappeared within 72-hour) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008), BUA No. 65 (1991)).
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible - - - - In a patch test of 31 workers of a chemical plant (with a control group of 5 subjects), erythema was observed in 3, 6 and 9 people, respectively at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% of the substance (erythema was not observed in control subjects at any concentration). It is not possible to evaluate the sensitizing property of the substance based on this data alone (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). In a guinea pig maximization test (GLP), a negative result is reported (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Classification was not possible.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible - - - - Classification not possible due to lack of data from in vivo mutagenicity tests. From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of positive Ames tests ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) and negative Chinese hamster V79 cell chromosomal aberration test and HGPRT test (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Although there is a positive Chinese hamster cell (CHL/IU) chromosomal aberration test ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)), there is a report about this result that "the reliability is low since the number of observable cells were far fewer due to severe cytotoxicity" (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Warning H351: Suspected of causing cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Two-year oral (feeding) tests were conducted in rats and mice. In rats, increased incidences of hepatocellular adenoma, hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma (combined) and adenoma in the ear canal were observed in the males, and the results were considered to be evidence of carcinogenic activity in male F344/DuCrj (Fischer) rats. In mice, significantly increased incidences of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma were observed in the males and significantly increased incidences of hepatocellular adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma were observed in the females. The results were considered to be clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in male and female Crj:BDF1 mice (Results from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) (2002)). Based on the results, the substance was classified into Category 2. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has made a public announcement on guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health based on Industrial Safety and Health Act Article 28-3 (2006).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2 Warning H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In a preliminary reproductive/developmental toxicity test in rats by oral administration (OECD TG421 (GLP)), one dam delivered only dead pups at a dose producing general toxicity (such as salivation) in parental animals. There is a report that the finding is considered to be the consequence of effects on dams during the perinatal period ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2. There were no effects on the estrous cycle, mating index, fertility index, gestation length, number of corpora lutea, number of implantations, implantation index, gestation index, total number of births, delivery index, number of stillbirths, number of live offspring at birth, live birth index, sex ratio, or necropsy findings on day 4 of lactation.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (narcotic effects) Danger
Warning
H370: Causes damage to organs (blood system)
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness (narcotic effects)
P307+P311: IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P403+P233: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
In an oral test in rats, loss of equilibrium was observed at 25.0 mg/kg (LD50 value). In an oral test in cats, methemoglobin formation and mild cyanosis were observed at 25 mg/kg and higher dose levels, and loss of equilibrium and prone position were observed at 250 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). In a dermal test in rats, reduced spontaneous activity was observed at 2000 mg/kg (BUA No. 65 (1991)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system) and Category 3 (narcotic effects).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (blood system), Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney) Danger
Warning
H372: Cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (blood system)
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (nervous system, liver, kidney)
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
In an oral test with rats (preliminary reproductive/developmental toxicity test (OECD TG421 (GLP))), "decrease in locomotor activity, extension of hindlimbs, staggering gait, prone or lateral position, bradypnea and torticollis" were observed at 200 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 91.1 mg/kg) ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)). In a 28-day oral test in rats (OECD TG407 (GLP)), "increased hepatic weight and bilirubin value, hepatocellular hypertrophy and testicle damage (necrosis of germ epithelium, azoospermia, depression of spermatogenesis)" were observed at 250 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 77.8 mg/kg) (SIDS (1996)). In a 21-day oral test in rabbits, "moderate effects in the kidney (cloudy swelling and congestion)" were observed at 50 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 11.7 mg/kg) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008), Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of the Environment) vol. 6 (2008)). In a 15-day dermal test in rabbits, "decreases in erythrocyte count and hemoglobin, increased extramedullary hematopoiesis and deposition of iron pigment in the spleen" were observed at 100 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 16.7 mg/kg) and higher concentrations (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Based on the data, the nervous system, liver, kidney and blood system are considered to be target organs. Since the findings in animals were noted at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney) and Category1 (blood system), the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system) and Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney). In a 28-day oral test in rats (OECD TG407 (GLP)), "testicle damage (necrosis of germ epithelium, azoospermia, depression of spermatogenesis)" was observed at 250 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 77.8 mg/kg) (SIDS (1996)). This data corresponds to Category 2 for reproductive toxicity, and was not used in this classification.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 from its 96h-LC50 = 0.118 mg/L for fish (Cyprinus carpio) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO), 2008).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and it is not rapidly degradable (BOD degradation rate: 4% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1995)).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible - - - - This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference:
Reference Manual

Definitions / Abbreviations

Model Label by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)

Model SDS by MHLW

MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)


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