GHS Classification Result （Revision of the past classification result）

Chemical Name：Nickel (II) chloride
CAS：7718-54-9

Result：
ID: 21C0014
Classifier: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare （MHLW）, Ministry of the Environment （MOE）
Year Classified: FY2009
Reference Manual: GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.
2 Flammable gases （including chemically unstable gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable - - - - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Not classified - - - - Not combustible (HSDB (2006))
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable - - - - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified - - - - Not combustible (HSDB (2006))
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified - - - - Not combustible (HSDB (2006))
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified - - - - Stable against water (water solubility 642 g/L (20 degC), Merck (13th, 2001)). Not reactive with water (Weiss (2nd, 1986)).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Classification not possible - - - - Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is inorganic compound containing chlorine.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable - - - - Inorganic compound
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible - - - - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity （Oral） Category 4 Warning H302: Harmful if swallowed P301+P312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Based on LD50 values of 430 mg/kg (male) and 529 mg/kg (female) (ECETOC TR33 (1989)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4. As relevant information, LD50 values of nickel chloride hexahydrate (CAS: 7791-20-0) are 210 mg/kg (male) and 175 mg/kg (female) for rats (ECETOC TR33, 1989).
1 Acute toxicity （Dermal） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Gases） Not applicable - - - - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Vapours） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
1 Acute toxicity （Inhalation: Dusts and mists） Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Warning H315: Causes skin irritation P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）.
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. 		No animal test data are available. When aqueous solutions of nickel chloride were applied, the threshold concentrations for irritancy in humans were 1% with occlusion and 10% without occlusion (EHC No. 108 (1991)). In EU classification, the substance is classified into Xi; R38. Based on these data, the substance was classified into Category 2.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Classification not possible - - - - No data available.
4 Respiratory sensitization Category 1 Danger H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled P304+P341: IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342+P311: If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P285: In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Since nickel and its compounds are classified into R42/43 in EU classification (EU-Annex I (access on Jan. 2009)), Category 2 for respiratory tract sensitizer in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)) and respiratory tract sensitizer in DFG (MAK/BAT No.43 (2007)), the substance was classified into Category 1.
4 Skin sensitization Category 1 Warning H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P333+P313: If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272: Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P321: Specific treatment （see ... on this label）.
P363: Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Positive results are reported in maximization test and Polak test with guinea pigs (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 115 (2008)). In addition, nickel and its compounds are classified into R42/43 in EU classification, Category 1 for skin sensitizer in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)) and skin sensitizer in DFG (MAK/BAT No. 43 (2007)). Based on these data, the substance was classified into Category 1.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified - - - - Based on negative results in rat and mouse dominant lethal tests (EHC 108 (1991)) and 2 mouse bone marrow micronucleus tests (EHC 108 (1991)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". As relevant information, positive results are reported in a Chinese hamster bone marrow chromosomal aberration test and a mouse bone marrow chromosomal aberration test (IARC 49 (1990), ATSDR (2005)). From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of positive gene mutation tests using Chinese hamster V79 cells and CHOAS52 cells, a negative CHO cell gene mutation test, a positive mouse lymphocyte gene mutation test, a negative Ames test, and a positive CHO cell chromosomal aberration test (IARC 49 (1990), ATSDR (2005), EHC 108 (1991), ECETOC TR. 33 (1989)). In addition, there are reports of positive mouse Fm3A breast cancer cell chromosomal aberration tests (IARC 49 (1990), EHC 108 (1991)) and a positive human peripheral lymphocyte chromosomal aberration test (EHC 108 (1991)).
6 Carcinogenicity Category 1A Danger H350: May cause cancer P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Based on the classifications of "Group 1" in IARC (IARC 49 (1999)), "Category 1" in EU classification (EU-Annex I (2009)), "1" in Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendations for allowable concentrations (2008)) and "K" in NTP (NTP RoC (11th, 2005)), the substance was classified into Category 1A. In an intramuscular administration test in rats, tumor development was not observed (IARC vol. 49 (1990)). In an oral test in male rats, the substance is concluded to be a promoter of kidney cancer (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 115 (2008)). In an intraperitoneal administration test in female rats, abdominal tumors were observed in 4/32 animals (one mesothelioma in the peritoneumand 3 sarcomas) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 115 (2008)). Soluble inorganic nickel is classified into "A4" in ACGIH (ACGIH (2001)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1B Danger H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
P202: Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		An increase in spontaneous abortions was observed in female mice administered the substance by gavage (ATSDR (2005)). In oral tests in female rats, embryonic mortality was increased (IARC No. 49 (1990)) and an increased frequency of runts and greater prenatal and neonatal mortality were observed (EHC No. 108 (1991)). In an intraperitoneal test in rats, abnormalities included hydrocephalus, hydronephrosis and heart defect (IARC No. 49 (1990)). Since remarkable fetal developmental toxicity was observed at doses in which general toxicity in parental animals was not manifested, the substance was classified into Category 1B. As relevant information, the substance is classified into Repr. Category 2; R61 in EU classification.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 2 (nervous system) Warning H371: May cause damage to organs (nervous system) P309+P311: IF exposed or if you feel unwell: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P405: Store locked up.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In an inhalation test in rats, "hyperplasia of bronchiolar and accompanying bronchial epithelium with peribronchial lymphocyte infiltrates" was observed (EHC No. 108 (1991)). For this test, information about exposure durations is lacking, and the data is not suitable for classification purposes. In an oral test in rats, "excitation and increased motor activity, followed by depression of the nervous system" were observed at 430 mg/kg (male) and 529 mg/kg (female) which fall within the guidance value range for Category 2 (ECETOC TR33 (1989)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2 (nervous system).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 2 (lung, central nervous system) Warning H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (lung, central nervous system) P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P314: Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		In a 90-day oral test with rats, pneumonitis characterized by intra-alveolar accumulation of alveolar macrophages and atrophy of type II alveolar epithelial cells were reported in females (10/25) and males (7/25) at a dose level of 35 mg/kg which is within the guidance value range for Category 2 (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) ver. 1.0 No. 115 (2008)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2 (lung). In a learning ability test with rats by oral administration for 77 days, rate of lever pressing in rats treated with 20 mg Ni/kg bw/day which is within the guidance value range for Category 2, was lower than that in the controls. According to the authors, the reduced rate of lever pressing could be caused by decreases in fundamental sensory, coordinated movement and motivation due to nickel exposure (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) ver. 1.0 No. 115 (2008)). In a 90-day oral dose test in rats, mortality was 100% at 100 mg/kg/day, which is the upper limit of the guidance value range for Category 2. Decolorized tip of fur, salivation, loss of coordination, irregular respiration, hypothermia and lethargy were observed in both sexes in this dose level (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) ver. 1.0 No. 115 (2008)). In addition, effects of soluble inorganic nickel on the central nervous system are suggested in ACGIH classification (ACGIH TLV-Basis-Critical Effects: Central Nervous System; ACGIH-TLV (2004)). The substance was classified into Category 2 (central nervous system).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible - - - - No data available.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Symbol Signal word Hazard statement Precautionary statement Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Acute） Category 1 Warning H400: Very toxic to aquatic life P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 from its 48h-LC50 = 0.013 mg/L for Crustacea (Cenodaphnia quadrangular) (ECETOC TR91, 2003)).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment （Long-term） Category 1 Warning H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P391: Collect spillage.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to ... 		Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and the behavior in water and bioaccumulative potential are unknown from which it is a metal compound.


NOTE:
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.

Reference：
Reference Manual
Definitions / Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）
Model SDS by MHLW

 MHLW Website （in Japanese Only）

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