GHS Classification Result

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 7782-50-5
Chemical Name Chlorine
Substance ID 25B0045
Classification year (FY) FY2013
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government (July, 2013)
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not classified
-
-
- - Not combustible (HSDB (Access on September 2013))
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Category 1


Danger
H270 P370+P376
P220
P244
P403
This substance is an oxidizing gas listed in ISO 10156-2010. It is classified in Division 2.3 (Subsidiary Risk 5.1,8) (UN1017) in UNRTDG.
5 Gases under pressure Liquefied gas


Warning
H280 P410+P403 From a critical temperature (144 deg C (HSDB (Access on September 2013))) above +65 deg C, it was classified as liquefied gas (low pressure liquefied gas).
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solid Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- - It is an inorganic compound.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to gas substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Category 2


Danger
H330 P304+P340
P403+P233
P260
P271
P284
P310
P320
P405
P501
There are reports on 1-hour LC50 values for rats of 293-1,000 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 147-500 ppm) (PATTY (6th, 2012)), 850 mg/m3 (293 ppm) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 146 ppm) (EHC 21 (1982), ATSDR (2010), ACGIH (7th, 2001)), and 447 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 224 ppm) (ATSDR (2010), EU-RAR (2007)). There are reports on a 53-minute exposure LC50 value for rats of 1,000 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 470 ppm) (ATSDR (2010)), 30-minute exposure LC50 value for rats of 688 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 243 ppm) (ATSDR (2010)), and a 440-minute exposure LC50 value for rats of 250 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 339 ppm) (ATSDR (2010)). It was classified in Category 2 because all of these LC50 values corresponded to Category 2.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1


Danger
H314 P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353
P305+P351+P338
P304+P340
P260
P264
P280
P310
P321
P363
P405
P501
In humans, there is a case of persons who had mild burns of the face from exposure to chlorine gas (EHC 21 (1982)), and it is described that it can be corrosive to the skin (HSDB (Access on September 2013)). And because it is described that liquefied chlorine causes frostbite and burns (HSDB (Access on September 2013)), special caution is needed for contact with liquefied chlorine. Category 1 is proposed in EU-RAR (2007) because it is corrosive to the skin. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 based on the above information. Besides, this substance is classified in "Xi; R36/37/38" in EU DSD classification and in "Skin Irrit. 2 H315" in EU CLP classification. EU-RAR, EU DSD classification, and EU CLP classification, obtained in this investigation, were added.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1


Danger
H318 P305+P351+P338
P280
P310
It is described that there may be severe effects in the eye from exposure to this substance (details: not described) (SIDS-SIAP (2003)). And it is described that eye irritation was observed in monkeys (PATTY (6th, 2012)), there was slight to severe irritation depending on the concentrations in humans, but this disappeared within a short time (EHC 21 (1982)), and it may be corrosive to the eye, cause burns in the eye in humans, and cause serious or irreversible damage (HSDB (Access on September 2013)). The information in SIDS (2003): severe effects in the eye and the information in HSDB (Access on September 2013): it may be corrosive to the eye, cause burns in the eye in humans, and cause serious or irreversible damage corresponded to Category 1. Besides, this substance is classified in "Xi; R36/37/38" in EU DSD classification and "Eye Irrit. 2 H319" in EU CLP classification. SIDS-SIAP, EU DSD classification, and EU CLP classification, obtained in this investigation, were added.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - It was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. As for in vivo, it was negative in a micronucleus test and a chromosomal aberration test with mouse bone marrow cells (ATSDR (2010), IUCLID (2000)). As for in vitro, there are positive and negative results in bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration tests (ATSDR (2010), IUCLID (2000)). Chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) may be mutagenic in vitro, but it is not considered to be mutagenic in vivo (SIDS (2003), EU-RAR (2007)). Besides, tests were often conducted on sodium hypochlorite, and they are regarded to be useful for the assessment of mutagenicity of chlorine (EU-RAR (2007)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - It was classified as "Classification not possible" because it is classified in A4 in ACGIH (1995), Group 3 (as drinking-water disinfected with chlorine) in IARC (1991), and Group D in IRIS (1994). The category was changed according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
7 Reproductive toxicity Not classified
-
-
- - It was classified as "Not classified" because no effects on fertility of parent animals and development of offspring were observed in tests with rats and mice (EHC 21 (1982), EU-RAR (2007), IRIS (1994), IUCLID (2000)), and it is described that there were no effects on pregnancy through lactation in workers at a chlorine plant (EHC 21 (1982)). EU-RAR (2007) was added.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
After inhalation exposure in mice, rabbits, and dogs, lesions in the respiratory system such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, decreased lung function, bronchitis, and necrosis of the epithelium of the trachea were observed at the doses (< 2,500 ppm) equivalent to the guidance value range for Category 1, and the similar lesions were also found in rats, although there are no descriptions of the doses (EHC 21 (1982), EU-RAR (2007)). Furthermore, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, labored respiration, bradypnea, and irritation of the upper respiratory tract are described in mice, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs (EHC 21 (1982), ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (6th, 2012), EU-RAR (2007)). In humans, there are descriptions of pneumonia, pulmonary edema, bronchitis, ulcerative tracheo-bronchitis, decreased lung function, asthma and reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS), irritation of the throat and nose, cough, dyspnea, etc. indicating lesions or irritation of the respiratory system (EHC 21 (1982), ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (6th, 2012)). It was classified in Category 1 (respiratory system) based on the above information.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, kidney)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
It is described that in tests in which inhalation exposure to gas was given to rats for 6 weeks and mice for 2 years, lesions in the respiratory tract and lung occurred, or inflammation and histological changes in the epithelium of the respiratory tract were observed at the concentrations (0.41-3 ppm) within the guidance value range for Category 1 (EHC 21 (1982), PATTY (6th, 2012), IUCLID (2000)). In humans, it may cause bronchial disease and pulmonary hemorrhage (EHC 21 (1982)), and findings such as coughing, sore throat, hemoptysis, and chest pain are described (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). It was classified in Category 1 (respiratory system) based on the above information. Furthermore, it was classified in Category 1 (liver, kidney) because it is described that hepatocyte vacuolation (1.4 ppm or above (converted guidance value)) and renal proximal tubular degeneration (4.2 ppm (converted guidance value)) were found at the concentrations within the guidance value range for Category 1 in a 6-week inhalation exposure (gas) test with rats (PATTY (6th, 2012)). Besides, Category 1 (olfactory organ) adopted in the previous classification was removed because the effects concerned were judged to be included in those on the respiratory system. And Category 2 (teeth) in the previous classification was based on the information source in List 3, but it was deleted because no rationale data to adopt the teeth as the target organ could be obtained from the information sources in List 1 and 2 used this time.
10 Aspiration hazard Not applicable
-
-
- - Gas (GHS definition)

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Classification not possible
-
-
- - The classification is not possible because appropriate data are not obtained. Besides, this substance forms hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid in the water, and hypochlorous acid is known to exert bactericidal effect by its generating hydrogen ion and -ClO of active oxygen species. Therefore, as for the classification in an aquatic environment, it is preferable to refer to the classification for sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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