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GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	141-32-2
Chemical Name	n-Butyl acrylate
Substance ID	H26-B-002, -
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2009 FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
6	Flammable liquids	Category 3	Warning	H226	P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501	It was classified in Category 3 based on a flash point of 36.5 deg C (closed cup) (SIDS (2004)). Besides, it is classified in Class 8, Subsidiary Risk 3, PG III (UN2348, stabilized) in UNRTDG.
7	Flammable solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Type G	- -	-	-	There is a chemical group (unsaturated bond) associated with self-reactive properties present in the molecule. A stabilized one is classified in Type G. As for a pure substance and the mixture with less amount of a stabilizer, classification is not possible due to no information. As a stabilizer, 15 ppm p-methoxyphenol is used (ECETOC JACC (1994)).
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 267 deg C (SIDS (2004)).
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	There are 12 reports of LD50 values of 900 mg/kg (SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), PATTY (6th, 2012)), about 3,143 mg/kg (SIDS (2004)), 3,700 mg/kg, 4,900 mg/kg (female), 6,200 mg/kg (male) (ECETOC JACC 27 (1994)), 6,200 mg/kg (ECETOC JACC 27 (1994), SIDS (2004)), 8,125 mg/kg (IARC 39 (1986)), 9,050 mg/kg (SIDS (2004)), 9,100 mg/kg (ECETOC JACC 27 (1994)), 2,680-9,100 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2003)), 3,700-8,100 mg/kg (IARC 39 (1986)), and 3,730-9,050 mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 5 (1993)) for rats. Based on the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it was classified as "Not classified" to which the largest number of data corresponds (1 case corresponds to Category 4 and 8 cases to "Not classified" (among these data, 3 correspond to Category 5 in the UN GHS classification). In addition, 3 cases were not included in the number since they were aggregations of multiple data.) By adding information in Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), PATTY (6th, 2012), ACGIH (7th, 2003), IARC 39 (1986) and DFGOT vol. 5 (1993) obtained in this survey, it was classified as "Not classified" to which the largest number of data corresponds based on the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 4	Warning	H312	P302+P352 P280 P312 P321 P362 P364 P501	Along with a report of an LD50 value of 1,700 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2003)) for rats, there are multiple reports of LD50 values within the range of 1,780-5,700 mg/kg for rabbits (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), PATTY (6th, 2012), SIDS (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2003), IARC 39 (1986), ECETOC JACC 27 (1994) and DFGOT vol. 5 (1993)). In accordance with the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it was classified in Category 4 to which the larger number of data corresponds. New information sources (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), PATTY (6th, 2012), ACGIH (7th, 2003), IARC 39 (1986) and DFGOT vol. 5 (1993)) were added, and the category was revised.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 3	Danger	H331	P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P311 P321 P405 P501	There are 6 reports of LC50 values (4 hours) for rats within the range of 1,970-2,730 ppm. Based on the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it was classified in Category 3 to which the largest number (3 cases) of data corresponds (1,970 ppm (ECETOC JACC 27 (1994), DFGOT vol. 5 (1993), SIDS (2004)), 2,199 ppm, 2,270 ppm (SIDS (2004))). Besides, 2 cases correspond to Category 4, and one case was not included in the number since it was the aggregation of multiple data. Since the LC50 values are lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration (7,145 ppm), the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	There is a report that in a test in which rabbits were applied occlusively with the undiluted liquid of the test substance for 20 hours, erythema, edema and slight necrosis were observed after 24 hours, but these had almost disappeared after 8 days (SIDS (2004)). In addition, there is a report that in a test in which rabbits were applied occlusively with the undiluted liquid of the test substance, there was slight irritation (SIDS (2004), PATTY (6th, 2012), DFGOT vol. 5 (1993)). Based on the above results, it was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified as "Xi; R36/R38" in the EU DSD classification and as "Skin. Irrit. 2 H315" in the EU CLP classifications.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2A	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	In tests in which rabbits were applied with the undiluted liquid of this substance, slight to severe irritation is reported (SIDS (2004), ECETOC JACC (1994)), and it is reported that corneal opacity (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol. 5 (1993)), iritis (SIDS (2004)) and recoverable small spots in the cornea occurred (ACGIH (7th, 2003)). Based on the results in the above severe irritation, it was classified in Category 2A. Besides, this substance was classified as "Xi; R36/R38" in the EU DSD classification and "Eye. Irrit. 2 H319" in the EU CLP classification.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1A	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	A maximization test and a Freund's complete adjuvant test with guinea pigs showed positive results, and the positive rates were 7/10 (70%) and 8/8 (100%), respectively (SIDS (2004)). Also, in an LLNA test with mice, a positive result was obtained (SIDS (2004)). In humans, it was reported that a positive reaction with this substance was demonstrated clinically with a patch test (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol. 5 (1993), DEFGOT vol. 16 (2001)). Besides, this substance was classified as "R34" in the EU DSD classification, as "Skin Sens. 1, H317" in the EU CLP classification, and in Occupational sensitizers Group 2 by Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), and as SEN by ACGHI. Based on the above results, it was classified in Category 1A.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	The substance was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. As for in vivo, negative results were reported in both chromosomal aberration tests with the bone marrow cells of rats and Chinese hamsters by inhalation exposure (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), SIDS (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2003), ECETOC JACC (1994) and IARC 71 (1999)). Besides, although there is a report of a positive result in a chromosomal aberration test with rat bone marrow cells by a single intraperitoneal administration (original source is in Russian in 1999) (IARC 71 (1999)), this data is not described in an information source other than the IARC. As for in vitro, it was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation test and a micronucleus test with cultured mammalian cells (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), SIDS (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2003), ECETOC JACC (1994) and IARC 71 (1999)). There are positive results in a chromosome aberration test and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells, however, they were evaluated as induction of cytotoxicity (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), SIDS (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2003) and ECETOC JACC (1994)). Besides, it was concluded in SIDS (2004) that this substance is not genotoxic in both in vivo and in vitro.
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was classified in Group 3 by IARC (IARC 71 (1999)) and A4 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2003)). Besides, it is reported that no carcinogenicity was observed at lower doses than the highest dose of 135 ppm (0.773 mg/L/day) (SIDS (2004)). The category was revised in accordance with the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In a teratogenicity test with mice by the oral route, death of embryos/fetuses and teratogenicity (cleft palate, exencephaly, open eyes, fused arches, fusion ribs) were observed at a very high dose (2,500 mg/kg/day) where maternal toxicity including death was found (SIDS (2004)). In a teratogenicity test with rats by the inhalation route, there are reports that reduced fetal body weights, increase in post-implantation loss and a reduced trend in live fetuses were observed at a dose (135 ppm) where maternal toxicity (decreased body weight gain, irritation to the eyes and nose) was seen, and that no effects other than reduced fetal body weights were observed at a dose (300 ppm) where maternal toxicity (decreased body weight) was observed (SIDS (2004)). As described above, since teratogenicity of mice in the oral route, which is one item of classification evidence for Category 2 in the previous classification, was only seen at a very high dose of 2,500 mg/kg/day, it was not adopted as evidence for the classification. In addition, other evidence of effects on the fetuses (decreased fetal body weight, increased post-implantation resorption, and decreased trend in live fetuses) at doses where maternal toxicity was observed in teratogenicity tests with rats by the inhalation route was also not adopted because there is a report that only a minor effect (reduced fetal body weights) was observed in a similar teratogenicity test with rats, even at doses where maternal toxicity was observed. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible."
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	In an inhalation route with rats, agitation, dyspnea, spasmodically breathing, prone position, hyperemia of the nasal mucosa, secretion from the nose, noisy breathing, piloerection, dyspnea, trembling, closed eyelids, pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, pulmonary emphysema, and congestion of the lungs were observed (SIDS (2004), ECETOC JACC 27 (1994)). Also, by the oral route, labored breathing, prone position, and hemorrhage of the lungs at necropsy of dead animals were reported (SIDS (2004)). The above findings are considered as adverse effects mainly on the lungs and respiratory tract, and they were observed within the guidance values corresponding to Category 1 and Category 2, therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	In a 13-week test with rats dosed with this substance in drinking water, no adverse effects were observed in the specific organs up to the dose level which almost covered the whole range of Category 1 (15,000 ppm: equivalent to 84 (male)-111 (female) mg/kg/day) (SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)), and it is considered to be corresponding to "Not classified" by the oral route. On the other hand, in an inhalation route, as a result of a 2-year inhalation exposure to the vapour of this substance with rats, tissue changes in the nasal cavity (atrophy of the olfactory epithelia, partial loss of the olfactory cells or ciliated cells, hyperplasia of the basal cells) were observed from the concentrations of Category 1 (15 ppm: 0.086 mg/L/6 hours/day). In addition, injuries in the eyes (cloudiness of the cornea, parenchymal degeneration, revascularization) were observed at a concentration equivalent to Category 2 (135 ppm: 0.775 mg/L/6 hours/day) (DFGOT vol. 12 (1999), SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). Besides, also in a 13-week inhalation exposure test with rats, effects on the eyes and the nasal cavity were seen in the high concentration groups (SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)), however, since effects on the eyes can be considered to be due to irritation, it is not included in this classification. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs).
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	-	- -	-	-	-
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	-	- -	-	-	-
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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