Item | Information |
---|---|
CAS RN | 142-82-5 |
Chemical Name | n-Heptane |
Substance ID | H26-B-088, R-067 |
Classification year (FY) | FY2014 |
Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
New/Revised | Revised |
Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2009 FY2006 |
Download of Excel format | Excel file |
Item | Information |
---|---|
Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition) |
UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
6 | Flammable liquids | Category 2 |
Danger |
H225 |
P303+P361+P353
P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501 |
It was classified in Category 2 based on a flash point of -7 deg C (closed cup) and a boiling point of 98 deg C (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)). Besides, it is classified in Class 3, PG II (UN1206) in UNRTDG. |
7 | Flammable solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 285 deg C (ICSC (1997)). |
10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available. |
12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine |
14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule |
16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on an LD50 value of 5,000 mg/kg for mice (IUCLID (2000)), this substance was classified as "Not classified." |
1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on an LD50 value of 3,000 mg/kg for rabbits (IUCLID (2000)), this substance was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on reports of LC50 values (4 hours) of >17,940 ppm (SIDS (2013)) and 25,132 ppm (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008)) for rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified." Besides, because the LC50 value was lower than 90% of the saturated vapour concentration, the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H315 |
P302+P352
P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
In humans, since there is a report that irritation and dermatitis were observed after 1-hour contact (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)) and there is a description that direct skin contact caused pain, burn and pruritus (OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)), this substance was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified in "Xi; R38" in the EU DSD classification and in "Skin Irrit. 2 H315" in the EU CLP classification. |
3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H319 |
P305+P351+P338
P337+P313 P264 P280 |
There is a description that this substance is irritating to human eyes (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). Besides, there is a report that mild eye irritation was observed in an eye irritation test with rabbits (IUCLID (2000)). From the above, based on a description of "irritating," this substance was classified in Category 2. |
4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. There was no in vivo data. As for in vitro, it was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation test and a chromosomal aberration test with cultured rat hepatocytes (PATTY (6th, 2012), IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on August 2014)). |
6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | This substance was classified as "Classification not possible" since it was classified in D by EPA IRIS (1993). |
7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects) |
Warning |
H335
H336 |
P304+P340
P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 P405 P501 |
This substance showed respiratory tract irritation and narcotic effects (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), SIDS (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), HSDB (Access on August 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). In humans, inhalation exposure might cause effects on the central nervous system such as vertigo, hypesthesia, headache, agitation, incoordination and stupor, which were due to narcotic effects. By oral intake, nausea, vomiting, stomach convulsions and burning sensation were caused (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.6, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2008), SIDS (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), HSDB (Access on August 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1988)). In experimental animals, there is a report that in an inhalation exposure to mice, irritation of the upper respiratory tract caused a reduction in the respiration rate, which was triggered by a reflex stimulation of the receptors in the trigeminal nerve endings in the nasal mucous membranes (DFGOT vol.11 (1998)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects). |
9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (nervous system) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
It is described that 18 workers who had been exposed for 1-9 years to the vapour of this substance with a purity more than 95% in a tire factory complained of numbness in the limbs and paresthesia, and no evidence of peripheral neuropathy was found in a neurological investigation, but polyneuropathy was clinically suspected due to a significant correlation between reduced motor nerve condition velocities (MCV) and the duration of exposure in 10 out of 12 exposed workers (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). And it is described that a female worker from a shoe factory exposed to high concentrations of a glue solution containing this substance developed central nervous system symptoms and peripheral neuropathy after 3 months, though the central nervous system symptoms disappeared rapidly after the end of exposure, the slight peripheral neuropathy persisted for several months (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)), so there is an opinion that the concentration of 2,5-heptanedione, a neurotoxic metabolite, was related to the onset of neuropathy (SIDS (2013)). On the other hand, because 8 workers in a shoe factory and a tire factory exposed to this substance (5-196 mg/m3) showed no signs of neuropathy, and a low concentration (0.25 mg/L) of urinary 2,5-heptanedione was detected in some cases, it is considered that high and contracted exposure to n-heptane was required to cause neuropathy (SIDS (2013), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). As an evaluation result for the C7-C9 aliphatic hydrocarbon category, it is concluded in SIDS that the substances in this category generally do not exhibit neurotoxicity (SIDS (2013)). As for experimental animals, in a 26-week inhalation exposure test of this substance (assumed as the vapour) with rats, no clear toxic effect was observed up to the highest concentration corresponding to the range of "Not classified" and 2,970 ppm (12.2 mg/L) as NOAEL was reported (SIDS (2013)). Furthermore, no neurotoxic symptoms were observed by inhalation exposure at 3,000 ppm for 16 weeks and 1,500 ppm for up to 30 weeks (SIDS (2013)). From the above, based on multiple epidemiological findings in occupational exposure cases, the possibility of the onset of neuropathy in humans could not be denied, therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system). |
10 | Aspiration hazard | Category 1 |
Danger |
H304 |
P301+P310
P331 P405 P501 |
This substance was classified in Category 1 because it is a hydrocarbon and there is a description that aspiration causes chemical pneumonitis (HSDB (Access on August 2014)). |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 1 |
Warning |
H400 |
P273
P391 P501 |
It was classified in Category 1 from 96-hour LC50 = 0.1 mg/L for crustacea (Mysidopsis bahia) (SIDS, 2013). |
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Category 1 |
Warning |
H410 |
P273
P391 P501 |
Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. It was classified in Category 1 due to a bioaccumulation estimate (log Kow = 4.66 (> 4.0, PHYSPROP Database, 2009)), and Category 1 in acute toxicity although it is rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 101% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1996)) |
12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol. |
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