GHS Classification Result

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 1310-66-3
Chemical Name Lithium hydroxide monohydrate
Substance ID H26-B-126, -
Classification year (FY) FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
6 Flammable liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
7 Flammable solids Not classified
-
-
- - It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified
-
-
- - It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Not classified
-
-
- - It is not combustible (ICSC (2009)).
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified
-
-
- - Because data of water solubility: 19.1 g/100 mL (ICSC (2009)) were obtained, it is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water or emit flammable gases.
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition).
14 Oxidizing solids Classification not possible
-
-
- - It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen (but not halogen), but the classification is not possible due to no data.
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- - It is an inorganic compound.
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. Besides, there is information that because the substance is corrosive to aluminum and zinc, they are unsuitable as a container (Hommel (1991)).

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there is a report of an LD50 value of 210 mg/kg for rats (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)). However, it is an information source in List 3 and it is not possible to confirm the original source, therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible." The information source was changed, and the category was revised.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Not applicable
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Category 3


Danger
H331 P304+P340
P403+P233
P261
P271
P311
P321
P405
P501
Based on a report of an LC50 value of 0.96 mg/L for rats (GESTIS (Access on September 2014); original reference: Rebar, A. H., et al. (1986)), it was classified in Category 3. Besides, based on a description that the test was conducted with an aerosol of lithium hydroxide hydrate generated by the combustion of metal lithium in highly humid conditions, the reference value of the dust/mist was applied.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1


Danger
H314 P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353
P305+P351+P338
P304+P340
P260
P264
P280
P310
P321
P363
P405
P501
Since there is a description that dermal contact with lithium hydride (CAS RN 7580-67-8) may cause a severe chemical burn (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 1. Besides, this substance is classified as "C: R35" in EU DSD classification, and as "Skin Corr. 1A H314" in EU CLP classification.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1


Danger
H318 P305+P351+P338
P280
P310
There are no concrete data. However, there is a description that lithium hydride (CAS RN 7580-67-8) is irritating to the eyes at low concentrations, and causes permanent eye injury at high concentrations (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). In addition, this substance was classified in Category 1 for Skin corrosion/irritation classification. From the above results, it was classified in Category 1.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2, Additional category: Effects on or via lactation


Warning
H361 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
Although there is no data for this substance, teratogenicity of lithium by oral ingestion at medical doses for human has been studied. It is well known that lithium can pass through the human placenta. In a survey that ended in 1979, it was reported that 25 instances of congenital malformation occurred among 226 pregnant women who received lithium carbonate for therapy. Ebstein's anomaly (congenital cardiovascular malformation) had been said to be associated with lithium therapy. However, this association was thought to be weak, and pharmacological doses of lithium cannot be designated as a human teratogen (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Moreover, regarding the association between lithium therapy and teratogenicity in humans, it is reported that the risk of teratogenicity at current doses of lithium treatment is very low (KemI-Riskline NR 2002:16). However, lithium therapy is contraindicated in women of childbearing potential (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
From the above, there is no clear evidence of teratogenicity in humans. However, lithium can pass through the human placenta, and lithium therapy is contraindicated in women of childbearing potential, therefore, it was classified in Category 2. In addition, it was described that lithium is excreted in milk at a rate close to serum (IPCS, PIM 309F (2000)), and that as a precautionary statement, breastfeeding should be discontinued in cases of being compelled to dose nursing women (Ethical Pharmaceuticals (2010)). Therefore, it was classified as "Additional category: Effects on or via lactation."
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
Lithium hydride (CAS RN 7580-67-8) is irritating and corrosive to the respiratory tract (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). There is a description that effects on the central nervous system (anorexia, nausea, tremors, muscle twitches, apathy, mental confusion, et al.) and serious burns of the respiratory tract were observed when lithium ion concentrations in the plasma rise to several mEq by exposure to lithium hydride in humans (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
As for experimental animals, there is a report that superficial sloughing of the mucosal epithelium in the trachea and persistent coughing and sneezing, leading to emphysematous changes in the lungs were observed by the inhalation exposure to 0.055 mg/L with rats within the guidance value range for Category 1 (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
From the above, since there are descriptions that it is irritating to the respiratory organs in humans and causes emphysematous changes in the lungs in experimental animals, and that it affects the central nervous system in humans, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, kidney, thyroid, gastrointestinal tract)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
Hazardous findings by exposure to lithium hydroxide are the only effects by acute exposure, and there are no reports of effects by repeated exposure. However, as for lithium compounds, lithium carbonate (CAS RN 554-13-2) and trilithium citrate (CAS RN 919-16-4), et al. which are typical substances used as drugs in the psychiatry field, there are the following findings on side effects. In an epidemiological study in which patients were given lithium salts were followed up for 13-17 years, neurological symptom (tremors, memory loss, creativity loss), effects on the thyroid (decreased function, thyroid adenoma), digestive symptom (nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea) and polyuria were reported (IUCLID (2000)). In addition, in a study on patients were given for an average of 8 years, effects on the kidney (increased urine volume, decreased renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sclerotic glomeruli, renal tubular atrophy) were observed (IUCLID (2000), HSDB (Access on January 2015)). In addition, in a cooperative study in North Europe, the acute and chronic side effects from administration of lithium salts included renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, hypothyroidism, and effects on the digestive organs (Nordiac Council of Ministers (2002)) were described. Moreover, there is a description that delayed pulmonary diseases such as atelectasis, bronchopneumonia and pulmonary edema, and myocarditis with arrhythmias and conduction disturbances may occur by chronic exposure to lithium (HSDB (Access on January 2015)). Therefore, it was considered that the respiratory organs and cardiovascular system are also target organs from repeated exposure to lithium salts.
From the above, although there are no reports from repeated exposure to this substance, this substance is considered to cause common the hazardous effects of lithium ions as a water-soluble lithium salt. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, kidney, thyroid, gastrointestinal tract).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) -
-
-
- - -
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) -
-
-
- - -
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer -
-
-
- - -


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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