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GHS Classification Result

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	544-92-3
Chemical Name	Copper(I) cyanide
Substance ID	H26-B-128, R-057
Classification year (FY)	FY2014
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition)
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2	Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
3	Aerosols	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.
4	Oxidizing gases	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
5	Gases under pressure	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
6	Flammable liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)).
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not applicable	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)).
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)).
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	Because the observation result of being insoluble in water (SIDS (2011)) was obtained, it is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water.
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).
14	Oxidizing solids	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Inorganic compound containing no oxygen or halogen
15	Organic peroxides	Not applicable	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound.
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P362+P364 P264 P270 P330 P501	Based on an LD50 value of 300-2,000 mg/kg (females) for rats (OECD TG 423), it was classified in Category 4.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not applicable	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	Although there is no concrete description, from a description that a solid of this substance are irritating to the skin (HSDB (Access on September 2014)), it was classified in Category 2. Information in HSDB (Access on September 2014) was added, and the category was changed.
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	Although there is no concrete description, from the description that a dust and solid of this substance are irritating to the eyes (HSDB (Access on September 2014)), it was classified in Category 2. Information in HSDB (Access on September 2014) was added, and the category was changed.
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	Since the Japan Society for Occupational Health designated copper (corresponding to metal itself or its compounds, not all substances involved in sensitization have been identified) as occupational skin sensitizers Group 2, it was classified in Category 1 although there are no reports of animal test results or epidemiological cases regarding skin sensitization.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There were no in vivo data. As for in vitro, it was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation test and a chromosomal aberration test with cultured mammalian cells (SIDS (2011)).
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Although there is a report that in a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test (OECD TG 422) with rats dosed by gavage, no reproductive developmental effects were seen even at doses where parental toxicity was observed (SIDS (2011)), it was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was a screening test, and the data on developmental toxicity including teratogenicity were insufficient, it was classified as "Classification not possible."
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There were few data on this substance, and there is only a report that deep coma was seen in accidental cases in workers (ATSDR (2006)). There were no data for experimental animals. Besides, from inhalation exposure to dusts and mists of copper compounds in humans, there is a report of respiratory tract irritation, irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, salivation, nausea, vomiting, gastric pain, hemorrhagic gastritis and diarrhea (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data on this substance.
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, haemal system), Category 2 (liver)	Danger Warning	H372 H373	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	Although in humans, there was no report by exposure to this substance alone, there were the following reports of findings on the effects of repeated exposure to cyanides including this substance. In a group of workers exposed to cyanide for a long term from a plating bath containing 3% each of this substance and sodium cyanide, central nervous symptoms and respiratory symptoms such as headache, giddiness, changes in taste and smell, vomiting, effort dyspnea and precordial pain occurred more frequently than in the control group, and increases in hemoglobin, cyanomethemoglobin and lymphocytes were also observed (CICAD 61 (2004)). In another report, in a group of workers exposed to cyanide at plants producing sodium cyanide and potassium cyanide, increased trends in hemoglobin and lymphocytes were observed compared to the control group (CICAD 61 (2004)). From the above, in humans, effects mainly due to cyanide poisoning by the mixed exposure to other cyanide compounds were suggested to be effects on the central nervous system, respiratory organs and blood system. However, when assessing the net hazardous effects in humans on exposure to this substance which is insoluble, the validity should be considered with due consideration of the consistency with experimental animal data. As for experimental animals, in a study in which this substance was administered by gavage to rats for 90 days, effects on the central nervous system (hypoactivity, lethargy, tremors, convulsions), respiratory organs (labored breathing), the blood system (decreased erythrocytes, decreased hemoglobin and decreased hematocrit, pigmentation of the spleen and liver, hyperplasia of hematopoietic tissue of the spleen and bone marrow), and the liver (liver necrosis, increased serum AST and ALT levels) were observed at doses corresponding to Category 2 (4.35-14.5 mg CN-/kg/day: 15.0-49.9 mg/kg/day (a converted value equivalent to this substance)) (CICAD 61 (2004), ATSDR (2006)). In addition, in a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in which this substance was administered by gavage to rats, anemia as an effect on the blood system, and secondary effects associated with it (enlarged spleen, an increase in extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen, increased hemopoiesis of the bone marrow) were observed at the dose corresponding to Category 2 (64 mg/kg/day: about 19.9 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value)) (SIDS (2011)). From the above, based on the target organs of human cyanide poisoning and the target organs of experimental animals administered this substance, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, blood system) and Category 2 (liver).
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 72-hour ErC50 = 0.0891 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (SIDS, 2011).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified in Category 1 due to unknown environmental dynamics of the inorganic compound, and 72-hour NOEC = 0.0181 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (SIDS, 2011). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified in Category 1 due to unknown environmental dynamics of the inorganic compound, and for 48-hour EC50 = 0.21 mg/L crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2011). From the above results, it was classified in Category 1.
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.

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