GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 78-67-1 |
| Chemical Name | 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile |
| Substance ID | H27-B-02-METI/M-023B_P |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2015 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties, not containing oxygen (neighboring nitrogen atoms), but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Type C |
 Danger |
H242 | P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P220 P234 P280 P411 P420 P501 |
There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (neighboring nitrogen atoms). Because it is classified as self-reactive solid Type C (temperature controlled), Division 4.1, no PG (UN 3234) in UNRTDG, it was classified in Type C. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 deg C) substances are not available. |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Category 3 |
 Danger |
H301 | P301+P310 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501 |
As for LD50 values for rats, there are three reports of 50-670 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)), 100 mg/kg (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)), and 100 mg/kg (SIDS (2002)). Two values correspond to Category 3, and one value corresponds to Category 2 or Category 4, therefore, it was classified in Category 3 to which the most data correspond. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a reported LD50 value of > 5,010 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)) for rabbits, it was classified as "Not classified." The category was revised by adding information. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a reported LC50 value (4 hours) for rats of > 12 mg/L (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 3 Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), SIDS (2002)), it was classified as "Not classified." Besides, because the test substance is a solid, a reference value for dust was applied. The category was revised by adding information. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There is a description that in the skin irritation test (OECD TG 404), as a result of a 4-hour semi-occlusive application of 500 mg of this substance to rabbits, no irritation was observed (SIDS (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Other than this, there is a report that no irritation was observed in a 24-hour application test with rabbits, and it is described in two reports of skin irritation tests with guinea pigs (application time is unknown) that no irritation was observed or that slight irritation was observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Since no irritation was observed in the test according to the test guidelines, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There is a report that in the eye irritation test (OECD TG 405) with rabbits, as a result of an application of 100 mg of this substance, no irritation was observed (SIDS (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Other than this, there is a report that no irritation was observed in a 24-hour application test with rabbits and there is a description that a slight irritation of the conjunctiva was observed in another eye irritation test with rabbits (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Since no irritation was observed in the test according to the test guidelines, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Not classified |
- |
- | - | There is a report that in the maximization test (OECD TG 406) with guinea pigs, no sensitization was observed (SIDS (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). In addition, there is a report that as a result of a patch test in 358 persons who handled the synthetic resin and adhesive, it was negative for this substance in all the cases (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)), in a patch test in 173 patients with occupational skin disease, it was judged not to be a skin sensitizing substance (SIDS (2002)). From the above, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. There are no in vivo data, and as for in vitro, a bacterial reverse mutation test and a mammalian cell chromosome aberration test were negative (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), JECDB (Access on November 2015), SIDS (2002)). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Since there are no classification results by other organizations, classification was not possible due to lack of data. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is no information on reproductive effect in humans. As for experimental animals, in a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test (OECD TG 422) with rats, 3 cases (3/12) of maternal animals shirked nursing at 50 mg/kg/day, and in 2 cases among them, all the newborn babies died within four days after birth. Born babies in the same group had no abnormity except a low value of body weight, this was also considered to be due to the effects of maternal toxicity (such as decreased body weight gain, effects on the liver) (SIDS (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), JECDB (Access on November 2015)). Accordingly, no direct adverse effect on fertility and the growth of offspring within four days after birth was detected from the dose of this substance in this study, but it could not be classified as "Not Classified" only by this result because it is a screening test. Other than this, there are no useful data for classification, therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" for this hazard class. Besides, in the previous classification, it was classified in Category 2 because abnormal nursing behavior of the maternal animals and deaths of the newborn babies at 50 mg/kg/day were regarded as reproductive and developmental toxicity for the same data, but this time, by adopting the view in SIDS (2002) that these are related to the general toxicity effects in maternal animals, and NOAEL for developmental toxicity is 50 mg/kg/day (SIDS (2002)), the above findings were not included in evidence of the classification. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (central nervous system), Category 3 (narcotic effects) |
  Danger Warning |
H370 H336 |
P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
As for humans, headaches, dizziness, salivation, nausea, vomiting, and disturbance of the sense of balance are reported in a case of workers who were exposed to this substance used as a blowing agent in a synthetic resin manufacturing facility (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). As for experimental animals, there are the following reports: a decrease in locomotor activity, ataxia, tremor, convulsions, loss of consciousness, congestion of brain, and lesions of the liver, lung, kidney, and stomach were seen in an oral dose (50-670 mg/kg, corresponding to Category 1) in rats (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)); narcotic effects, somnolence, and ataxia were observed in an oral dose (100mg/kg, corresponding Category 1) in rats (SIDS (2002)); and in inhalation exposure (> 12 mg/L, exceeding Category 2) in rats, deep respiration was seen, and slight atrophy of the thymus medulla and hyaline droplets in a renal tubule were found in the autopsy performed two weeks later (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Congestion of the brain, lesions of the liver, lung, kidney, and stomach, slight atrophy of the thymus medulla, and hyaline droplets in the renal tubules reported in experimental animals were not adopted for the classification since details were unknown. From the above, because this substance has effects on the central nervous system and narcotic effects, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system), Category 3 (narcotic effects). |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 2 (liver) |
Warning |
H373 | P260 P314 P501 |
As for humans, there is a report that central nervous system lesions such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and sleeping disorder were observed in a case of occupational exposure to this substance (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). These findings are considered to be acute effects. As for experimental animals, in a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test with rats, in the group of males and females dosed at 50 mg/kg/day converted guidance value: male: 23.3 mg/kg/day, female: 28.9 mg/kg/day which is within the range of Category 2, decreased body weight gain, decreased food consumption, an increase or an increased tendency in weight of the liver, centrilobular hypertrophy of the hepatocytes, and salivation in males, increases in platelet and white blood cell count, increases in total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, calcium, and inorganic phosphorus, and decreases in the A/G ratio and chlorine were observed, and in females, an increased tendency in the weight of the kidney, and a death (one case) were observed (JECDB (Access on November 2015), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), SIDS (2002)). In a 90-day feeding toxicity test with dogs, in the group of males and females dosed at 300 ppm (male: 97.2 mg/kg/day, female: 94.2 mg/kg/day) which is within the range of Category 2, an increase of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic bodies in the liver cells, an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity and an increase in relative liver weight were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Besides, in the test with rats, in the group of males dosed at 2 mg/kg/day which is within the range of Category 1, eosinophilic bodies, basophilic renal tubules, and granular casts in the kidney were observed, but these were not adopted as evidence of the classification because they are findings specific to male rats. From the above, in experimental animals, effects on the liver were observed within the range of Category 2. Therefore, it was classified in Category 2 (liver). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | From 72-hour ErC50 > 7.8 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)), 48-hour EC50 > 10 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), SIDS, 2002), and 96-hour LC50 > 10 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), SIDS, 2002), it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified as "Not classified" due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by 28-day BOD = 0%, non-biodegradable (Official Bulletin of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1992)), 72-hour NOEC (r) = 2.2 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (SIDS, 2002), and 21-day NOEC (reproduction) = 2.2 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified as "Not classified" due to being not rapidly degradable, and 96-hour LC50 > 10 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996), Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), SIDS, 2002). From the above results, it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
| * A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |