GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 106-94-5 |
| Chemical Name | 1-Bromopropane [propyl bromide] |
| Substance ID | H27-B-001/C-022B_P |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2015 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2008 FY2007 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive properties. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not an aerosol product. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Category 2 |
 Danger |
H225 | P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501 |
Based on a flash point of -10 degrees C (closed cup) (ICSC (J) (2004)) and a boiling point of 71 degrees C (HSDB (Access on June 2015)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, it is classified in class 3, PGII in UNRTDG (UN2344). |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an ignition point of 490 degrees C (HSDB (Access on June 2015)). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No established test method suitable for liquid substances. |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not containing metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an organic compound that does not contain oxygen, fluorine, or chlorine. |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an organic compound that does not contain bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Due to no data, the classification is not possible. |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | LD50 values of > 2,000 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2014)) and 3,600 mg/kg were reported for rats (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). From Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014), it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | From a reported LD50 value of > 2,000 mg/kg for rats (ACGIH (7th, 2014), NTP TR564 (2011), NTP monograph (2003)), it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | "Liquids" according to GHS definition. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Category 4 |
 Warning |
H332 | P304+P340 P261 P271 P312 |
From reported LC50 values (4 hours) for rats of 7,000 ppm (nose-only exposure) (ACGIH (7th, 2014), NTP TR564 (2011)), 14,374 ppm (systemic exposure) (ACGIH (7th, 2014), NTP monograph (2003)), and 17,881 ppm (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)), it was classified in Category 4. Besides, a reference value in the unit of ppm was applied as vapour without mist because the LC50 values are lower than the saturated vapour pressure concentration (184,211ppm). |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is reported that after 24-hour semi-occlusive application of this substance at 2,000 mg/kg to rats, skin reaction was not observed (ACGIH (7th, 2014)). On the other hand, it is written that this substance is irritating to skin (PATTY (6th, 2012)). From "Xi; R36/R38" in EU DSD classification and the report above by 24-hour application in rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified." Besides, it is classified in "Skin. Irrit. 2 H315" in EU CLP classification. |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H319 | P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280 |
It is written that this substance is irritating to eyes in mice (PATTY (6th, 2012)), and that a contact with eyes causes redness and pain (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)), and that it is irritating to eyes (HSDB (Access on June 2015)). From the above results, it was judged to be Category 2. Besides, this substance is classified in "Xi; R36/R38" in EU DSD classification, and in "Eye. Irrit. 2 H319" in EU CLP classification. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | The classification is not possible due to lack of data. Besides, it is reported that in a sensitization test using guinea pigs (a test in 10-day application and application again after 12 days), skin reaction by application of this substance (25% dissolved in paraffin oil) was not observed (ACGIH (7th, 2005)). However, it was judged to be insufficient data to be used for the classification because details of test methods and results were unknown. |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it was classified as "Classification not possible." As for in vivo, it is reported that a dominant lethal test using rats and mice was negative (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); ACGIH (7th, 2014)), and a micronucleus test using bone marrow cells of rats and mice and mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes was negative (Rationale for setting the Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2012); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); ACGIH (7th, 2014); NTP monograph (2003); NTP DB (Access on July 2015)). As for in vitro, it is reported that a bacterial reverse mutation test was negative and positive, and an MLA was positive (Rationale for setting the Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2012); ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); NTP monograph (2003); NTP DB (Access on July 2015)). From the above, although there is one positive result in a bacterial reverse mutation test, due to negative results for other several cases as well as positive information in an MLA only at a concentration of cell toxicity, and because an in vivo dominant lethal test and an in vivo micronucleus test were negative, it was judged that it could not be a rationale for Category 2. |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Category 2 |
 Warning |
H351 | P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
There is no carcinogenicity report in humans. As for experimental animals, in a test in 2-year inhalation exposure to this substance in rats and mice, in rats, skin tumors in males (keratoacanthoma, adenoma and carcinoma of basal cells, and squamous epithelial carcinoma (combined)) and a significantly increased incidence of adenoma of the large intestine in females (not a significant but increased trend in males) were observed. In mice, increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma and carcinoma (in males, noted non-tumor changes found in the nasal cavity and bronchial epithelium, but no tumor change) were observed in females (NTP TR564 (2011), NTP RoC (13th, 2014), ACGIH (7th, 2014)). From this result, the substance was classified in A3 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2014)), and R by NTP (NTP RoC (13th, 2014)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2. Besides, because the NTP test result was reported after the previous classification, the classification result was changed. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 1B |
Danger |
H360 | P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
There is no reliable information on the reproductive toxicity of this substance in humans. As for experimental animals, in a two-generation test in rats in an inhalation route, parent animals of both F0 and F1 generations showed decreased fertility and decreased litter size. Furthermore, effects on sexual function in females (abnormal sex cycle, abnormality in ovary shape) were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). Abnormality in sexual function of females was also observed in a 12-week repeated inhalation exposure test using non-pregnant female rats as abnormal sex cycle including a dose-dependently increased number of vesicular ovarian follicle and prolonged anestrus (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). On the other hand, it is reported that in multiple repeated exposure tests in male rats in an inhalation route, decreased sperm count and motility, increased incidence of abnormal sperm, a dose-dependent increase in degenerated sperm cells of testicular seminiferous tubules and so on were observed. Moreover, the similar effects on sperm were also found in male mice which were reported to be more sensitive than rats (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). As developmental toxicity effects, a test in inhalation exposure in pregnant rats through gestation and nursing periods reported lower survival rate and body weight of pups born. Moreover, in a test in which pregnant rats were in inhalation exposure on day 6 to 19 of gestation, and fetuses were observed on day 20 of gestation, what only found was lower fetal body weight at the dose without maternal toxicity or higher and delayed ossification and skeletal variation (bent ribs) at the dose with maternal toxicity, and malformations were not observed (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). As above, this substance showed apparent effects on fertility of males and females and genesis/development of next generation in tests using experimental animals. Besides, as the existing classification for this substance, it was classified in Group 2 in reproductive toxicity by Japan Society for Occupational Health (The Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2015)), and in Repr. 1B in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2015)). By taking consistency with the existing classification into account, the substance was classified in Category 1B in this hazard class. Besides, as a result of re-classification from the new information added or revised after the previous classification, Category was raised from "2" to"1B." |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects) |
Warning |
H335 H336 |
P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 P405 P501 |
This substance is irritating to the respiratory tract (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014)). As for humans, headaches, nausea, malaise, lethargy, and central nervous system depression (narcotic) were reported although a route was not described. (ACGIH (7th, 2014); Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); PATTY (6th, 2012)) As for experimental animals, in inhalation exposure to 7,000 ppm (35.2 mg/mL) or higher in rats, piloerection, hypoactivity, ataxia, and lacrimation were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2014)). The doses were above Category 2. From the above, because this substance has respiratory tract irritation and narcotic effects, it was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects). |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (nervous system), Category 2 (liver, respiratory organs) |
Danger Warning |
H372 H373 |
P260 P264 P270 P314 P501 |
As for humans, workers who manufactured this substance or used it as detergent or spray adhesive showed headaches, paresthesia and sensory loss mainly in lower extremity, spastic paraplegia, gait disorder, sleep disorder, memory disorder, decreased sensory nerve conduction velocities in sural nerve, prolonged distal latency of peroneal nerve, increased threshold for pallesthesia of toe, demyelinating polyneuropathy with enlarged spinal nerve root and so on (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); Rationale for setting the Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2012)). As for experimental animals, in a 12-week inhalation exposure toxicity test using rats, as effects on nervous system, nerve disorder such as gait disorder, decreased grip strength, and decreased nerve conduction velocities was observed at 400 ppm above Category 2 (converted to a Guidance value equivalent: 2.68 mg/L) (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); Rationale for setting the Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2012)). In a 14-week inhalation exposure toxicity test using rats and mice, hepatocellular vacuolization in the liver and increased liver weight were observed within a range of Category 2 (125-250 ppm, converted to a Guidance value equivalent: 0.49-0.98 mg/L) (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); NTP TR564 (2011)). In a 105-week inhalation exposure toxicity test using rats and mice, effects on respiratory organs (respiratory epithelial hyperplasia in the nasal cavity, vacuolization of cells in the nose/larynx/bronchi, image of bronchiolar regeneration) were observed within a range of Category 2 (62.5-125 ppm, converted to a Guidance value equivalent: 0.31-0.63 mg/L) (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan (2014); Rationale for setting the Recommendation of Acceptable Concentration of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (2012), NTP TR564 (2011)). Therefore, the substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system), Category 2 (liver, respiratory system). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | The classification is not possible due to lack of data. Besides, kinematic viscosity can be calculated to be 0.36 mm2/s from literature values (viscosity: 0.489 mP/sec (HSDB (Access on June 2015)), density (20 degrees C): 1.35 g/cm3 (HSDB (Access on June 2015), GESTIS (Access on June 2015))). |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 3 |
- |
H402 | P273 P501 |
From 96-hour LC50 = 67.3 mg/L for fish (Pimephales promelas) (Result of the initial environmental risk assessment of chemicals, Vol. 12, Ministry of the Environment in Japan, 2014), it was classified in Category 3. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Category 3 |
- |
H412 | P273 P501 |
Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Due to being not rapidly degradable (hardly degradable: a degradation rate by 28-day BOD = 70% in a standard test, but it was not completely degraded in inherent test (Official Bulletin of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2003)), and acute toxicity Category 3, it was classified in Category 3. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data. |
NOTE:
| * A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |