Item | Information |
---|---|
CAS RN | 1304-28-5 |
Chemical Name | Barium oxide |
Substance ID | H28-B-005, C-008B |
Classification year (FY) | FY2016 |
Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
New/Revised | Revised |
Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
Download of Excel format | Excel file |
Item | Information |
---|---|
Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
7 | Flammable solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC(J) (1999)) . |
8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC(J) (1999)) . |
11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC(J) (1999)) . |
12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water due to the observation result of water solubility (38 g/L (20 deg C), ICSC(J) (1999)). |
13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | The substance is an inorganic compound containing oxygen, but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. |
16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H315 |
P302+P352
P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
Based on a description that barium oxide is strongly alkaline in aqueous solution and causes irritation of the skin (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 2. The category was changed along with the revision of information sources. |
3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2A |
Warning |
H319 |
P305+P351+P338
P337+P313 P264 P280 |
Based on the description that barium oxide is strongly alkaline in aqueous solution, and causes severe burns to the eyes (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), it was classified in Category 2A. The category was changed along with the revision of information sources. |
4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is no carcinogenicity information on this substance itself. However, as described in the same hazard class on the GHS classification of barium (CAS RN: 7440-39-3), the EPA classified barium and its compounds as Group D or NL (IRIS (1998)) based on results from animal tests using barium chloride dihydrate. Therefore, based on these EPA classifications, this substance was also classified as "Classification not possible." |
7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney, gastrointestinal tract), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) |
Danger Warning |
H370
H335 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
In humans, as adverse effects from soluble barium compounds by oral intake or inhalation, gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, colic, and diarrhea), myocardial and general muscular stimulation, and hypokalemia have been reported. Reports of severe cases include general muscular paralysis, and death from respiratory arrest or ventricular fibrillation (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Additionally, it is written that accidental or intentional ingestion of soluble barium compounds at high concentrations causes gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain), hypokalemia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, skeletal muscle paralysis, and renal failure (CICAD 33 (2001), ATSDR (2007)). It is reported that barium oxide and barium hydroxide irritate the respiratory tract (CICAD 33 (2001)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney, gastrointestinal tract), and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). |
9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (cardiovascular system, respiratory organs, nervous system, muscular system, kidney) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
It is reported that in humans, repeated exposure to this substance may cause bronchitis with coughs, phlegm, and/or shortness of breath (CICAD 33 (2001)). Additionally, it is said that the toxicity of barium and barium compounds depends largely on the solubility, and that toxicity is an inhibitory action of potassium channel by barium ions (ATSDR (2007)). Barium ions and soluble compounds of barium (notably barium chloride, barium nitrate, barium hydroxide) are toxic to humans. Although barium carbonate is relatively insoluble in water, it is toxic to humans because it is soluble in the gastrointestinal tract. The insoluble compounds of barium (notably the sulfate) are inefficient sources of barium ions and are therefore generally nontoxic to humans. (ATSDR (2007)). Therefore, this substance is thought to exhibit similar target organs as soluble barium compounds do. It is reported that incidences of hypertension, heart disease, and stroke increased in a population of neighborhood who ingested drinking water containing water soluble barium such as barium chloride, and that an increase in mortality due to heart diseases such as vascular disorder and arteriosclerosis was observed in other similar groups (ATSDR (2007)). As the acute effects of soluble barium in humans, ingestion of high levels of soluble barium compounds may cause the following acute effects: gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain), hypopotassemia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and skeletal muscle paralysis (CICAD 33 (2001)). Additionally, there are only several reported cases that renal failure and renal insufficiency occurred as acute barium poisoning. However, as for experimental animals, in 13-week or 2-year studies on barium dichloride or its dihydrate administered to rats or mice in drinking water, deaths attributed to nephropathy were observed at doses corresponding to Category 2 or higher (converted guidance value as barium dichloride: 271-803 mg/kg/day). It is described that the kidneys are the most sensitive target organ in the experimental animals (ATSDR (2007)). Therefore, the kidneys are thought to be one of the target organs in humans as well. From the above, effects of this substance on the respiratory organs were observed in humans, and effects of soluble barium compounds including this substance were thought to have a high probability of occurring in the cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system, and kidneys. Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (cardiovascular system, respiratory organs, nervous system, muscular system, kidney). |
10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |