GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 7446-18-6 |
| Chemical Name | Dithallium sulfate |
| Substance ID | H28-B-009, C-012B |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2016 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) . |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) . |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) . |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water due to the observation results of water solubility (4.87 g/100 mL (20 deg C), ICSC (2013)). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition). |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen, but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Category 2 |
 Danger |
H300 |
P301+P310
P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501 |
Four LD50 values of 10 - 25 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 76 mg/kg (EHC 182 1996)), and 16 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012)) for rats are reported. There are three reports corresponding to Category 2 and one report corresponding to Category 3. Therefore, Category 2, which has the largest number of reports, was adopted. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Category 3 |
Danger |
H311 |
P302+P352
P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501 |
Based on the LD50 values of 500 mg/kg (EHC 182 (1996)), 550 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012)) for rats, this substance was classified in Category 3. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Solid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the primary skin irritation tests using rabbits with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, it was classified as non-irritant and mild irritant, respectively (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (1993)). |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the primary eye irritation tests using rabbits with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, it was classified as minimal irritant and non-irritant respectively (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, 1993)). |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, a Buehler test was carried out with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, and it was judged that both 1% granules and 2% liquid are non-sensitizer for the skin of guinea pigs (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, (1993)). |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. There is no in vivo data. As for in vitro, a bacterial reverse mutation test was negative (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, (1993)). |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - |
There is no available information to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of thallium and thallium compounds in either humans or experimental animals (IRIS Tox. Review (2009)), and EPA classified soluble thallium salt as I (Inadequate information to assess the carcinogenic potential) in the 2005 criteria (IRIS (2009), IRIS Tox. Review (2009)). Therefore, this substance was classified as "Classification not possible" for this hazard class. |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 2 |
 Warning |
H361 |
P308+P313
P201 P202 P280 P405 P501 |
After male rats were given this substance by drinking water (approx. 0.7 mg/kg/day) for 60 days, disarrangement in the seminiferous epithelium, Sertoli cell vacuolization, increased numbers of abnormal sperm, reduced sperm motility, etc. were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2010), IRIS Tox. Review (2009), PATTY (6th, 2012), HSDB (Access on May 2016)). Therefore, testicular toxicity of this substance is suggested. In addition, it is described that this substance crosses the placenta (ACGIH (7th, 2010)), and that as a result of parenteral administration (injection) of this substance at 2.0 mg/kg/day to pregnant rats, lower fetal body weights, delayed skeletal ossification, and an increased incidence of fetal hydronephrosis were observed in the fetuses (ACGIH (7th, 2010), HSDB (Access on May 2016)). From the above, concerning developmental toxicity including teratogenicity, it is thought that the data is inadequate findings to use for classification because there is only one data, and the administration period, the presence or absence of maternal toxicity, etc. are unknown. However, judging from the fact that there is the evidence of testicular toxicity of this substance, and it crosses the placenta, it was classified in Category 2 for this hazard class. |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin) |
Danger |
H370 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 |
In humans, as result of ingestion of thallium sulfate by accident or incident, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, retrosternal and abdominal pain, gastrointestinal hemorrhage (blood in feces), and constipation occur. Thereafter, as effects on the central and peripheral nervous system, paresthesia of the legs and arms, lethargy, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions, and coma occur, and as effects on the circulatory organs, hypertension, tachycardia, and in severe cases, and cardiac failure occur, and as effect on skin and loss of hair occurs. Causes of death are mainly renal, central nervous system and cardiac failure (EHC 182 (1996), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ACGIH (7th, 2010), IRIS (2005), ATSDR (1992)). By postmortem necropsy or biopsy, hemorrhages in the mucosa of the intestine, lung, endocrine glands, and heart, fatty infiltrations in liver and heart tissue, and degeneration of glomeruli and renal tubules were observed (EHC 182 (1996)). As for experimental animals, in a single administration of thallium sulfate within a guidance value range for Category 1, degeneration and necrosis of kidney tissue, in addition, a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and urine volume, and an increase in urine protein were observed (EHC 182 (1996), ACGIH (7th, 2010)). Moreover, in addition to decreased vasomotor reactivity, direct effects on the respiratory organs were observed (EHC 182 (1996)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin). |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (nervous system, skin, genetic organs (men)) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
There is no information limited to this substance in humans. However, it is described; thallium affects the nervous system by inhalation exposure (ATSDR (1992)); the chief complaints were abdominal pain, fatigue, irritability, weight loss, and pains in the legs, and alopecia was observed in four men (ACGIH (7th, 2001)); excitation and insomnia were the initial symptoms (PATTY (5th, 2001)); polyneuritis such as paresthesias and pain in muscles and joints, headache, insomnia, tiredness, etc. were seen (EHC 182 (1996)). As for experimental animals, in a 40-week repeated dose toxicity study using rats dosed by drinking water, cutaneous disorders, Wallerian degeneration of the sciatic nerve, etc. were reported within a range of Category 1 (EHC 182 (1996)), in a 90-day toxicity study by gavage administration, alopecia was reported within a range of Category 1 (EHC 182 (1996)), and in a 60-day repeated dose toxicity study by drinking water, testicular effects (disarrangement of the tubular epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolation and distention of smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the Sertoli cells, reduced activities of testicular beta-glucuronidase, which is located in the Sertoli cell and spermatogonia, high thallium concentrations in the testes, and reduced sperm motility), etc. were reported (IRIS Tox. Review (2009)). From the above, it was considered that the nervous system, skin, and testes were the target organs. Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, skin, genetic organs (men)). |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 1 |
 Warning |
H400 |
P273
P391 P501 |
From 96-hour LC50 = 0.86 mg/L for fish (Pimephales promelas) (AQUIRE, 2016, LeBlanc, 1984), it was classified in Category 1. Because only the toxicity value is written, and detailed test results are unknown in LeBlanc (1984), and the value is markedly different from that for Lepomis macrochirus written in the paper, its reliability is questionable. However, because it is confirmed that the test method written in it corresponds to OECD-TG203, the classification was conducted using this data from the safety point of view at the judgment of the expert. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Category 1 |
Warning |
H410 |
P273
P391 P501 |
Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Due to unknown environmental dynamics of the inorganic compound in water, and acute toxicity Category 1, it was classified in Category 1. |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
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* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |