GHS Classification Result

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 96-18-4
Chemical Name 1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Substance ID H28-B-038, C-050B
Classification year (FY) FY2016
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2014   FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not applicable
-
-
- -  There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not applicable
-
-
- -  Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Category 4
-
Warning
H227 P370+P378
P403+P235
P210
P280
P501
 From a flash point of 73 deg C (closed cup) (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), it was classified in Category 4.
7 Flammable solids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not applicable
-
-
- -  There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified
-
-
- -  It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 304 deg C (ICSC (2005)).
10 Pyrophoric solids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not applicable
-
-
- -  The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not applicable
-
-
- -  The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine (but not fluorine or oxygen) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.
14 Oxidizing solids Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
15 Organic peroxides Not applicable
-
-
- -  Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 3


Danger
H301 P301+P310
P264
P270
P321
P330
P405
P501
 There are 13 reported LD50 values for rats of 120 mg/kg (male) (SIDS (2004)), 150 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ATSDR (1992)), 151 mg/kg (female, male) (SIDS (2004)), 170 mg/kg (female) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 188 mg/kg (female), 190 mg/kg (female, male) (SIDS (2004)), 205 mg/kg (male) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 320 mg/kg (IARC 63 (1995)), 442 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 444 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ATSDR (1992)), 450 mg/kg (male) (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), 505 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), 150 - 505 mg/kg (EPA IRIS Summary (2009), CICAD 56 (2003)). Because 7 correspond to Category 3, 5 correspond to Category 4, and one corresponds to Category 3 - Category 4, it was classified in Category 3 which has the greatest number of reports.
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 3


Danger
H311 P302+P352
P361+P364
P280
P312
P321
P405
P501
 On the basis of reported LD50 values (OECD TG 402) for rabbits of 900 mg/kg (male), 850 mg/kg (female) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 880 mg/kg (male, female) (SIDS (2004)), it was classified in Category 3.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not applicable
-
-
- -  Liquid (GHS definition)
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 2


Danger
H330 P304+P340
P403+P233
P260
P271
P284
P310
P320
P405
P501
 On the basis of a reported LC50 value (4 hours) for rats of about 3,000 mg/m3 (converted value: ca. 497.5 ppm) (SIDS (2004), CICAD 56 (2003), EPA IRIS Summary (2009), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), however, 500 ppm is described in ACGIH), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, there is a reported LC50 value (4 hours) (OECD TG 403) of > 4.8 mg/L (converted value: > 796 ppm) (SIDS (2004)), but category cannot be specified based on only this value. A reference value in the unit of ppm was applied as vapour without mist because the LC50 value is lower than 90% of the saturated vapour pressure concentration (4,870 ppm).
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified
-
-
- -  In a skin irritation test (in conformity to OECD TG 404), in which 0.5 mL of test substance was applied to rabbits for 4 hours, mild skin irritation was observed (SIDS (2004)). Therefore, it was classified as "Not classified" (corresponding to Category 3 in UN GHS classification).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2


Warning
H319 P305+P351+P338
P337+P313
P264
P280
 In eye irritation tests using rabbits, slight-moderate irritation was observed (DFGOT vol.9 (1992), SIAP (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003)). In part of them, it was described that moderate irritation was reversible within 7 days, but it was classified in Category 2 because sub-categorization was impossible.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- -  In skin sensitization tests in guinea pigs, results were positive in two tests including a maximization test and negative in two tests including a Buehler test (ATSDR (1992), CICAD 56 (2003), SIAP (2004)), therefore, classification was not possible.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2


Warning
H341 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
 As for in vivo, a dominant lethal test in rats was negative, a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test was negative, comet assays using the liver and kidney of rats, DNA adduct formation tests using multiple organs of rats and mice were positive (EPA IRIS Tox review (2009), IARC 63 (1995), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). As for in vitro, bacterial reverse mutation tests were positive, and in cultured mammalian cell tests, positive results are reported in mouse lymphoma tests, chromosome aberration tests, and sister chromatid exchange tests with metabolic activation, and in micronucleus tests without metabolic activation (EPA IRIS Tox review (2009), IARC 63 (1995), NTP TR384 (1993), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2 in accordance with the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.
6 Carcinogenicity Category 1B


Danger
H350 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
 There is no information on carcinogenicity in humans. As for experimental animals, in 2-year carcinogenicity studies using rats or mice dosed by gavage, squamous papillomas/carcinomas of the oral mucosa, squamous cell papillomas/carcinomas of the forestomach, hepatocellular adenomas/carcinoma were observed in male and/or female of rats or mice, and tumors of the Zymbal's gland, pancreas, kidney, preputial gland, clitoris gland, lactiferous gland were observed in male or female rats, and adenomas of the Harderian gland were observed in male mice, and tumor of the uterus was observed in female mice, and it was concluded there was clear evidence of carcinogenicity in both rats and mice of both sexes (NTP TR 384 (1993)). As for classifications by other organizations, it is classified in Group 2A by IARC (IARC 63 (1995)), L (Likely to be carcinogenic to humans: corresponding to Category 1B) by EPA (IRIS Summary (2009)), R by NTP (NTP RoC (13th, 2014)), Carc. 1B by EU (ECHA SVHC support document (2011)), A2 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), and Group 2A by Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2015)) respectively. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1B for this hazard class.
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1B


Danger
H360 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
 In a continuous breading study using mice orally dosed (by gavage), in repeated 5-time pregnancy and delivery, decreased fertility index (at or after the third pregnancy), a decrease in the number of live pups (at or after the second delivery), the extension of the gestational period (at or after the fourth pregnancy) were observed at the high dose where increase in absolute/relative weight of the liver (male, female), decrease in absolute/relative weight of the kidney (female) were observed in F0 generation. The last delivered pups as F1 generation were dosed similarly to F0 after weaning, and after growth, mated in the same dose group. As a result, an increase in estrous cycle in the groups of 30 mg/kg/day or above, a decrease in fertility index at 120 mg/kg/day were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015), ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003)).
 As above, it was classified in Category 1B for this hazard class because toxic reproductive effects (decreased fertility index, a decrease in the number of live pups, effects on sexual function) were observed at the dose where apparent toxic effects such as body weight gain did not occur in parent animals. Besides, EU classified this substance as Repr. 1B, and designated it as SVHC, taking into account the classification result of carcinogenicity (ECHA SVHC support document (2011)).
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (nervous system, adrenal gland), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)



Danger
Warning
H370
H335
P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
P304+P340
P403+P233
P261
P271
P312
 It is reported that narcosis, convulsions, and adrenal corticomedullary necrosis were observed at a concentration within a guidance value range of Category 1 in a single inhalation exposure study of this substance using rats and guinea pigs (ACGIH (7th, 2015), NTP TR384 (1993)). In addition, it is described that dyspnea, hypoactivity, and irritation of the respiratory tract were observed in a inhalation exposure study using rats and mice (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) and that throat irritation was observed in exposure cases in humans (ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995) and ATSDR (1992)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, adrenal gland) and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). Besides, in the previous classification, it was classified in Category 1 (liver) based on the description that effects indicating liver damage were observed at a concentration within a guidance value range of Category 1 in a single exposure inhalation study using rats (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), NTP TR384 (1993)), but the effects were only on elevation of activities of hepatic enzymes which is indication of impaired liver function (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), NTP TR384 (1993)), therefore, the classification was revised.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, haemal system, pancreas, kidney), Category 2 (heart)


Danger
Warning
H372
H373
P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
 There is no information on humans.
 In experimental animals, in a 13-week inhalation toxicity test using rats, effects on the liver (hepatocellular hypertrophy) and blood (increased extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen) were reported at 4.5 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.02 mg/L) which corresponds to Category 1 (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th 2001), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), NTP TR384 (1993), ATSDR (1992)). In an 11-day inhalation toxicity test using rats, effects on the respiratory organs (thinning of turbinal olfactory epithelium) at 2.9 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.0021 mg/L), which corresponds to Category 1, and effects on the liver (necrosis of liver cells) at 132 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.097 mg/L) were reported. In an 11-day inhalation toxicity test using mice, effects on the liver and respiratory organs were reported similarly at concentrations corresponding to Category1 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)).
 In a 90-day repeated dose toxicity test using rats by gavage administration, effects on the liver (bile duct hyperplasia, increase in AST and ALT) and heart (myocardial effect, (increase in AST)) were reported at 59 mg/kg/day which corresponds to Category 2 (CICAD 56 (2003), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). In a 17-week repeated dose toxicity test using rats by gavage administration, effects on the haemal system (decrease in hematocrit value, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, etc) were reported at 8-16 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 3.6 - 7.1 mg/kg/day) within the range of Category 1. In a 17-week repeated dose toxicity test using mice by gavage administration, effects on the forestomach (hyperkeratosis of forestomach and squamous cell hyperplasia of the forestomach) and effects on the respiratory organs (regenerative degeneration of bronchiole) were reported at 63 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 59.5 mg/kg/day), which corresponds to Category 2 (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), IRIS Tox. review (2009), NTP TR384 (1993), ATSDR (1992), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). In a 104-week repeated dose toxicity tests using rats by gavage administration, effects on the forestomach (hyperplasia of basal cells and squamous epithelium) and pancreas (focal hyperplasia of acinus) at 3 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to Category 1, and effects on the kidney (focal hyperplasia of tubular epithelium) at 10 mg/kg/day were reported (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)).
 Among these findings, changes in the forestomach were considered to be caused by irritation, thus, it was not adopted as a target organ.
 Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, haemal system, pancreas, kidney), Category 2 (heart).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- -  Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, kinematic viscosity was calculated to be 0.18 mm2/sec (20/20 degC) from the numerical data (viscosity: 0.25 Pa*s (20 degC), density: 1.389 g/cm3 (20 degC)) listed on HSDB (Access on September 2016).

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) Category 2
-
-
H401 P273
P501
 From 48-hour EC50 = 4.13 mg/L for crustacea (Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia) (CICADs 56, 2003; SIDS, 2004; Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), it was classified in Category 2.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) Not classified
-
-
- -  Although it is not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0 % (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1985)), its 72-hour NOEC (r) = 12.8 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (CICADs 56, 2003; SIDS, 2004; Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), its 21-day NOEC (reproduction) = 4.5 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), and its 9-month NOEC (lethal) = 4.6 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), it was classified as "Not classified."
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- -  No data available.


NOTE:
* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted.
* Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement.
Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file.
* Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government,
and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users.
* This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice.
* The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users.
* Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are
based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations.

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