GHS Classification Result
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 79-41-4 |
| Chemical Name | Methacrylic acid |
| Substance ID | H29-B-035 |
| Classification year (FY) | FY2017 |
| Ministry who conducted the classification | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE) |
| New/Revised | Revised |
| Classification result in other fiscal year | FY2006 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| UN GHS document (External link) | UN GHS document |
| Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Model Label by MHLW (External link) | |
| Model SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | eChemPortal |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. |
| 2 | Flammable gases (including chemically unstable gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Category 4 |
Warning |
H227 |
P370+P378
P403+P235 P210 P280 P501 |
Based on a flash point data of 68 deg C (closed cup) (ICSC (J) (1996)), it was classified in Category 4. |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Type G |
- |
- | - | There is a chemical group associated with self-reactive properties (ethylene group) in the molecule, but the stabilized one is classified in Class 8, PGII in UNRTDG (UN 2531), and does not correspond to self-reactive substances and mixtures, hazard class with the highest precedence. Besides, one which is not sufficiently stabilized is transport-prohibited substances (Notice to settle Transportation Standards and the like of Dangerous Goods by Ship, Article 5 (1) (v) (d)). |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 385 deg C (GESTIS (Access on June 2017)). |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available. |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen. |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is the information that it is corrosive to metals (ICSC (J) (1996)), but the classification is not possible due to no data. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Three LD50 values for rats of 1,320 mg/kg (EU-RAR (2002)), 2,224 mg/kg (EU-RAR (2002)), 2,260 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001), EU-RAR (2002)) are reported. One out of these values corresponds to Category 4 and two to "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN classification). By adopting the category that larger number of values corresponds, this substance was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN classification). For the information of 1,060 mg/kg (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.2 (Ministry of the Environment, 2003)) used in the previous classification, it was not adopted as evidence for the classification because the information source is RTECS which is listed as List 3, and the original source was not available, and it was not possible to confirm the details. Therefore, the classification was changed. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Category 3 |
 Danger |
H311 |
P302+P352
P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501 |
Based on a report of an LD50 value of 500-1,000 mg/kg (EU-RAR (2002)) for rabbits, this substance was classified in Category 3. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not applicable |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a report of an LC50 value of 7.1 mg/L (EU-RAR (2002), DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)) in a 4-hour inhalation exposure test with rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified." Besides, since the LC50 value was higher than the saturated vapor pressure concentration (4.6 mg/L), the reference value in the unit of mg/L was applied as a mist. |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 1A |
 Danger |
H314 |
P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353 P305+P351+P338 P304+P340 P260 P264 P280 P310 P321 P363 P405 P501 |
There is a report that in a skin irritation test with rabbits (compliant with Confirmation test in the US Department of Transportation Packing Group classification), corrosivity was observed on observation immediately after a test in which undiluted liquid of this substance was openly applied for 3 minutes, followed by wiping away with a water-impregnated paper towel (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1A based on the criteria of sub-categories. Besides, this substance is classified as "Skin Corr. 1A" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)). |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 1 |
Danger |
H318 |
P305+P351+P338
P280 P310 |
This substance was classified in Category 1A for Skin corrosion/irritation. There is a report that in an eye irritation test (according to OECD TG 405) with rabbits in which 0.1 mL of this substance was applied, at 24 hours after the application, corneal opacity, iridial irritation, redness of the conjunctiva, and conjunctival edema were observed in all the rabbits, corneal opacity, iridial irritation, conjunctival irritation did not resolve even on the seventh day, and chemical burns, necrosis and sloughing of the corneal epithelium, and empyema of the anterior chamber were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). Based on these pieces of information, this substance was classified in Category 1. |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Not classified |
- |
- | - | In human cases, in patients allergic to related substances of this substance, patch tests with 0.1% of this substance were negative (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014), DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)). In addition, no sensitization was observed in any sensitization tests by the Buhler method or Polak adjuvant method with guinea pigs (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). Therefore, this substance was classified as "Not classified." |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is no in vivo data for this substance. However, since methyl methacrylate (CAS RN 80-62-6), the methyl ester of this substance, is hydrolyzed to produce this substance, in vivo data of methyl methacrylate can be used as in vivo data for this substance (EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). Therefore, as for in vivo data for the classification of this substance, data on methyl methacrylate were used. Methyl methacrylate was negative in a mouse dominant lethal test, negative in a micronucleus test with mouse bone marrow cells, positive and negative results in the chromosome aberration tests with rat bone marrow cells (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010), EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2012), CICAD 4 (1998), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), IRIS Tox. Review (1998)). However, the positive result of in vivo chromosomal aberration tests was evaluated as poor reliability (EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002)). As for in vitro, a bacterial reverse mutation test was negative (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002), DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)). From the above, this substance was classified as "Classification not possible" according to the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government. |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | There is no information related to the carcinogenicity of the substance itself, therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. Besides, methyl methacrylate (CAS RN 80-62-6), the methyl ester of this substance, is hydrolyzed by esterase to produce this substance (DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)). However, it is stated that the classification result of methyl methacrylate is also "Classification not possible." |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | In a developmental toxicity study with pregnant rats exposed by inhalation to this substance on Gestational Day 6-20, developmental effects were not observed in fetuses at up to 300 ppm where a reduction in body weight gain was observed in maternal animals (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2012)). However, there is no information on fertility and sexual function, therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there is a description that an increase in the incidence of malformations was observed in an in vitro embryo culture test (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2012)). |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (respiratory organs) |
 Danger |
H370 |
P308+P311
P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 |
In humans, one case of a child who ingested 3 to 5 mL of a product containing 98% of this substance by mistake is reported. According to this, corrosion of the esophagus and stomach was observed in an endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, discoloration and marked edema of the supraglottic area in the nasopharyngoscopy and bronchoscopy, erythema and copious secretions in the trachea and bronchus and narrowing of the bronchus were observed. It is described that the patient developed pneumonia after admission and suffered wheezing and dyspnea (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that in a 4-hour single inhalation exposure test with rats, respiratory tract irritation was observed at the autopsy. Although there is no detailed description of the dose at which the effect was observed, it is considered to be greater than Category 2 near the LC50 value of 7.1 mg/L (EU-RAR (2002)). Moreover, it is reported that in a one-hour single exposure test with rats, although there was no case of death, nasal discharge containing blood was observed, and as a result of necropsy, mild diffuse or patchy discoloration of the lungs was observed (EU-RAR (2002)). The dose in this test corresponds to Category 1. The information on humans was not adopted as the rationale for classification because it was only one case. However, since effects on the lung in experimental animals were observed at the dose corresponding to Category 1, the substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs). Because the respiratory organs were adopted as the target organ, according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government, the classification result was changed from the previous classification. |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (respiratory organs) |
Danger |
H372 |
P260
P264 P270 P314 P501 |
No information on humans is available. As for experimental animals, there is a report that in a 90-day repeated inhalation toxicity test with rats, inflammatory change of nasoturbinate was observed at or more than 20 ppm (0.0704 mg/L), which is within a guidance value range of Category 1 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs). Besides, as for the information on humans that was adopted as the rationale for the classification of the previous classification, "tachycardia, low blood pressure, excessive reaction with nitroglycerin, low body temperature, weak reaction to heating/ultraviolet rays, pathological changes of the Ashner reflex, acrocyanosis and tremor of the fingers, etc. were observed," and so on, it was not adopted as the rationale for classification because it is described in EU-RAR (2002) that it is an abstract with no detailed description on the methods and results, and coexposure to other chemicals was not excluded. In addition, as for experimental animals, it is reported that in a 6-month repeated oral dose toxicity test with rats, a decrease in the reflexes, a change of liver enzymes and electrolytes, a decrease in the weight of the liver and adrenal gland, atrophy of the liver, kidneys and adrenal gland, and a decrease in erythrocytes, etc. were observed at 5 mg/kg/day, which is within a guidance value range of Category 1 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.12 (Ministry of the Environment, 2014), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). However, it was not used for the classification because the details were unknown. Therefore, the classification was changed. |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Category 1 |
Danger |
H304 |
P301+P310
P331 P405 P501 |
A case of a child accidentally ingesting 3 to 5 mL of a product containing 98% of this substance described in the hazard class of specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) was confirmed in the original report. As the result, he was hospitalized immediately after onset, and no abnormality was seen in the lungs on admission, but inflammatory changes were observed from the upper airway to the lower airway using nasopharyngoscopy and bronchoscopy as well as gastrointestinal disorders (please refer to the hazard class of specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)). Also, it is described that it progressed to bilateral pneumonia the day after admission to the hospital (Linden, C.H. et al.: Pediatrics, 102, 979-984 (1998)). From the above, guessing from the symptoms and passage of time, it was considered that it was aspiration pneumonia caused by swallowing this substance. In addition, the calculated kinematic viscosity is also as low as 1.36 mm2/sec (24 deg C) (viscosity: 1.38 mPa*s (24 deg C), density (specific gravity): 1.0153) (Calculated based on HSDB (Access on June 2017)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1. Besides, the classification result was changed from the previous classification because the case of aspiration pneumonia was adopted. |
| Hazard class | Classification |
Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) | Category 3 |
- |
H402 |
P273
P501 |
From 72-hour EC50 (rate method: pH not adjusted) = 14 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), it was classified in Category 3. |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Due to being rapidly degradable (readily biodegradable, average degradation rate by BOD: 91% (J-CHECK, 1993)), no bioaccumulation (LogKow: 0.93 (SRC PhysProp Database: 2017)), 72-hour NOEC (rate method, pH not adjusted) = 9.8 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), and 21-day NOEC (reproduction inhibition) = 53 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)), it was classified as "Not classified." |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. |
NOTE:
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* A blank or "-" in a cell of classification denotes that the classification of the hazard class was not conducted. * Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement will show when hovering the mouse over a code of Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement. Hazard_statement_and/or_Precautionary_statement are also provided in the Excel file. * Classification was conducted by relevant Japanese Ministries in accordance with GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government, and is intended to provide a reference for preparing GHS labelling and SDS for users. * This is a provisional English translation of classification results and is subject to revision without notice. * The responsibility for any resulting GHS labelling and SDS referenced from this site is with users. * Codes assigned to each of the hazard statements and codes for each of the precautionary statement are based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) in United Nations. |