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GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	108-77-0
Chemical Name	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine
Substance ID	R01-B-022
Classification year (FY)	FY2019
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	*	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
2	Flammable gases	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
3	Aerosols	*	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
4	Oxidizing gases	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
5	Gases under pressure	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
6	Flammable liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
7	Flammable solids	*	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" from information that it is not combustible (ICSC (2002)).
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	*	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive or self-reactive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
9	Pyrophoric liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
10	Pyrophoric solids	*	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" from information that it is not combustible (ICSC (2002)).
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	*	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" from information that it is not combustible (ICSC (2002)).
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	*	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
13	Oxidizing liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
14	Oxidizing solids	*	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine (but not fluorine or oxygen) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
15	Organic peroxides	*	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
16	Corrosive to metals	*	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.
17	Desensitized explosives	*	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P264 P270 P330 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1)-(3), it was classified in Category 4. [Evidence Data] (1) LD50 for rats: about 320 mg/kg (male: 315 mg/kg, female: 327 mg/kg) (SIDS (2004)) (2) LD50 for rats: 425-1,460 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012)) (3) LD50 for rats: 485 mg/kg (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), it was classified as "Not classified." [Evidence Data] (1) LD50 for rabbits: > 2,000 mg/kg (SIDS (2004)) (2) LD50 for rats: 5,000 mg/kg (SIDS (2004))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Category 2	Danger	H330	P304+P340 P403+P233 P260 P271 P284 P310 P320 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 2. [Evidence Data] (1) LC50 for rats (4 hours, dust): 0.0405-0.108 mg/L (PATTY (6th, 2012)) (2) LC50 for rats (4 hours, vapour/inhalable dust): 0.170 mg/L, 0.0185-0.18 mg/L (SIDS (2004)) [Reference Data, etc.] (3) LC50 for mice (2 hours): 0.01 mg/L (converted 4-hour equivalent value : 0.00707 mg/L) (PATTY (6th, 2012), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), SIDS (2004))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1)-(3), it was classified in Category 2. [Evidence Data] (1) In a skin irritation test (4-hour semi-occlusive application) with rabbits according to OECD TG 404, the mean scores at 24/48/72 hours were 0.67-1.67, and the mean score exceeded 1.5 in only 1/6 animals (SIDS (2004)). (2) No irritation was observed in a skin irritation test (4-hour semi-occlusive application) with rabbits according to OECD TG 404 (SIDS (2004)). (3) This substance produced severe skin irritation in rabbits (PATTY (6th, 2012)). [Reference Data, etc.] (4) In a skin irritation test (24-hour semi-occlusive application) with rabbits according to OECD TG 404, irritation was observed (SIDS (2004)). (5) In humans, exposure to this substance causes caustic effects to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract (SIDS (2004)). (6) It was classified as "Skin Corr. 1B (H314)" in the EU-CLP classification (EU CLP classification (Access on July 2019)).
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 1	Danger	H318	P305+P351+P338 P280 P310	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1)-(4), it was classified in Category 1. [Evidence Data] (1) The mean scores at 24/48/72 hours in an eye irritation test with rabbits were 3 for corneal opacity, 2 for iris, 3 for conjunctival redness, and 3 for chemosis (SIDS (2004)). (2) This substance is strongly irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract (SIDS (2004)). (3) In eye irritation tests with rabbits, it affected the cornea, iris, and conjunctiva, and it produced severe irritation (SIDS (2004)). (4) This substance is severely irritating to the eyes of rabbits (PATTY (6th, 2012)). [Reference Data, etc.] (5) It was reported to be irritating in an eye irritation test with rabbits according to OECD TG 405 (SIDS (2004)).
4	Respiratory sensitization	Category 1	Danger	H334	P304+P340 P342+P311 P261 P284 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1), it was classified in Category 1. Besides, the category was changed since new information was obtained. [Evidence Data] (1) This substance is sensitizing, and asthma and contact dermatitis were reported in humans (SIAP (2001)).
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1A	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1)-(3), it was classified in Category 1A. [Evidence Data] (1) This substance causes sensitization, and asthma and contact dermatitis were reported in humans (SIAP (2001)). (2) In a skin sensitization test with guinea pigs according to OECD TG 406 (intradermal induction: 001%, induction (topical application): 2%, challenge: 1%), it showed a positive rate of 100% (SIDS (2004)). (3) In a local lymph node assay (LLNA) with mice according to OECD TG 429, positive reactions were observed at or above 2.5% (SIDS (2004)). [Reference Data, etc.] (4) There were positive and negative results in skin sensitization tests with guinea pigs (PATTY (6th, 2012)). (5) It was classified as "Skin Sens. 1 (H317)" in the EU-CLP classification (EU CLP classification (Access on July 2019)).
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since negative findings were observed in both in vivo and in vitro tests in (1) and (2), it was classified as "Not classified." [Evidence Data] (1) As for in vivo, a negative result was reported in a micronucleus test with mouse bone marrow (SIDS (2004), PATTY (6th, 2012)). (2) As for in vitro, a negative result was reported in a bacterial reverse mutation test (SIDS (2004), PATTY (6th, 2012)).
6	Carcinogenicity	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There are no classifications by international organizations. Therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) When rats received 10 mg of this substance in the diet for 2 years, incidences of tumors such as fibrosarcoma of the mammary gland in 5 animals, leiomyosarcoma of the uterus in 1 animal, lymphosarcoma of the intestinal tissue in 1 animal, and prostate carcinoma in 1 animal were observed. However, all these tumors were considered spontaneous and unrelated to treatment (SIDS (2004)). (2) When rats (25 animals/sex/group) received subcutaneous injections with this substance for 3.5 months and were sacrificed after 20.5 months, sarcomas were observed at the necrotic application sites in 9 animals, and it was considered by the authors to be due to irritating effects (SIDS (2004)).
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 2	Warning	H361	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1), although no teratogenicity was observed at the dose where maternal toxicity was observed, increased post-implantation loss and a decreased number of live fetuses. Therefore, it was classified in Category 2. [Evidence Data] (1) In a developmental toxicity test with female rats dosed by gavage on Day 6-19 of gestation, embryo/fetal toxicities (increased post-implantation loss and a decreased number of live fetuses) were observed at doses where maternal toxicity (matted haircoat, salivation, respiratory rales, decreased body weight gain, etc.) was observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), SIDS (2004), PATTY (6th, 2012)).
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs), Category 3 (narcotic effects)	Danger Warning	H370 H336	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	[Rationale for the Classification] Effects on the respiratory organs were observed in (1)-(3) for humans and in (5) for experimental animals by inhalation exposure. In addition, in experimental animals, effects on the central nervous system with narcotic effects were observed at the doses at the upper limit of the range for Category 1 in oral exposure in (4). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs), Category 3 (narcotic effects). The nervous system was also adopted as a target organ in the previous classification, but the classification result was changed because these effects described as evidence were considered to be included in the narcotic effects. [Evidence Data] (1) In humans, the effects associated with acute exposure to this substance are irritation of the skin, the mucosa of the eyes, nasal cavity, pharynx and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the dust or vapour of this substance causes irritation, which reaches the lower respiratory passage (SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), BUA 125 (1993)). (2) A 54-year-old man exposed to the powder of this substance due to an accident in a factory developed irritation in the skin, eyes, and pharynx, and followed by serious obstructive pulmonary syndrome with impairment of alveolar capillary exchanges, but no effects on the heart function were observed, and the man recovered within 20 days (SIDS (2004), BUA 125 (1993)). (3) Two workers exposed to the dust of this substance due to an accident developed superficial chemical burns on their skin, one also developed purulent bronchitis with obstruction, and the other also developed burns in his eyes, but there was no effect on the pulmonary function (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), BUA 125 (1993)). (4) In a single oral administration test with rats, hypokinesia, somnolency, decreased muscle tone, loss of reflexes, piloerection, accelerated respiration and decreased body temperature were observed at or above 300 mg/kg (upper limit of Category 1). Mortality was observed at or above 325 mg/kg (SIDS (2004), SIDS Dossier (2004)). (5) In a 4-hour inhalation exposure test with rats, piloerection, gasping, bloody and crusted nose, periorbital crusts, cyanosis and cachexia, and diminished reflexes were observed at or above 0.15 mg/L of the dust (containing the vapour) of this substance. Deaths in the 0.15 mg/L exposure group were 4 out of 10 animals. In the necropsy results on surviving and deceased animals, pulmonary edema was observed (SIDS (2004), SIDS Dossier (2004)). A 0.15 mg/L corresponds to Category 1 for both the dust/mist and vapour in the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government.
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, blood system), Category 2 (liver)	Danger Warning	H372 H373	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Effects on the respiratory organs by inhalation exposure to humans described in (1), effects on the respiratory organs and blood system within the range of Category 1 by inhalation exposure to rats described in (2) and (3), and effects on the liver and blood system within the range of Category 2 by oral administration to rats described in (4) were observed. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, blood system), Category 2 (liver). Besides, by reviewing the information sources, the classification result was changed from the previous classification. [Evidence Data] (1) It was reported that workers who inhaled the gas and dust of this substance developed a strong cough with irritation reaching the lower respiratory tract. In addition, incidences of bronchitis and bronchopneumonia were reported (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). (2) In a test in which rats were exposed by inhalation to 0.01-0.25 mg/m3 (it was described as the vapour in SIDS) for 13 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week), at 0.25 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.0002 mg/L, within the range of Category 1), inflammation of the respiratory tract, yellow exudate with a concomitant increase in the number of neutrophils in the nasal cavities, appearance of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the lumen and increased tracheitis in males and females, and increased congestion of the lungs with foamy macrophages and lymphocyte infiltrations in males were observed. The pathogenesis was considered by the author to be of infectious origin rather than due to local irritation. However, it was considered that since the changes in the nose and lung are most severe at the highest concentration, an exacerbation of intercurrent infection by the treatment cannot be excluded (SIDS (2004)). (3) In a study in which rats were exposed by inhalation to 1.88 mg/m3 (estimated as vapour) (converted guidance value: 0.001 mg/L, within the range of Category 1) for 75 days (4 hours/day, 5 days/week), irritation of the mucous in the eyes and the upper respiratory tract, lethargy, reduced red blood cell counts, decreased hemoglobin level, reduced body weight gain, deaths (3/10 animals), and granular dystrophy in the liver, kidneys and myocardium were reported (SIDS (2004), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3, Tentative Hazard Assessment Sheet (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). (4) In a test in which rats were orally dosed at 4 to 100 mg/kg/day for 28 days, deaths were seen at or above 4 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 4 mg/kg/day, within the range of Category 1), and atrophic spleen lymphatic nodules and gastritis in the dead animals, erosion and ulceration of the stomach mucosa, focal papillomatous proliferation and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach epithelium in the survivors were reported. Active germinal centers of lymphatic nodules in the small intestine at or above 20 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 6 mg/kg/day, within the range of Category 1), and vacuolization of hepatocytes, polymorphism of hepatocyte nuclei, decreased food consumption and body weight, increased liver and adrenal weights, decreased red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit, and increased ALP activity at 100 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 31 mg/kg/day, within the range of Category 2) were reported (SIDS (2004)). [Reference Data, etc.] (5) In a test in which rabbits were dermally applied at 50-500 mg/kg for 21 days, local effects on the skin (dermal irritation and inflammation) were observed in all treated groups and vehicle treated controls. Also, an increase in neutrophils in males at or above 50 mg/kg, decreased body weight (the effects of stress due to treatment and skin damage could not be excluded) and an increase in leukocyte counts in males at or above 150 mg/kg, and decreased body weight in females at 500 mg/kg were reported (SIDS (2004)).
10	Aspiration hazard	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Not classified	- -	-	-	This substance reacts vigorously with water of 10 deg C or above to form hydrogen chloride and isocyanuric acid. Because for isocyanuric acid, 96-hour LC50 was > 100 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996)), this substance was classified as "Not classified."
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Not classified	- -	-	-	This substance reacts vigorously with water of 10 deg C or above to form hydrogen chloride and isocyanuric acid. If chronic toxicity data are used for isocyanuric acid, then it is classified as "Not classified" due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0% (Official Bulletin of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1978)), and 21-day NOEC = 32 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996)). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified as "Not classified" due to being not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0% (Official Bulletin of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, 1978)), and 96-hour LC50 > 100 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996)). From the above results for isocyanuric acid, this substance was classified as "Not classified."
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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