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GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	528-29-0
Chemical Name	o-Dinitrobenzene
Substance ID	R01-B-050
Classification year (FY)	FY2019
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised	Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year	FY2014 FY2006
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	*	- -	-	-	There is a nitro group, a chemical group associated with explosive properties, present in the molecule, but because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN3443), and it was considered to be not applicable to explosives, hazards of the highest precedence, it was classified as "Not classified."
2	Flammable gases	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
3	Aerosols	*	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
4	Oxidizing gases	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
5	Gases under pressure	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
6	Flammable liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
7	Flammable solids	*	- -	-	-	There is information that it is combustible (Hommel (1991)), but the classification is not possible due to no data.
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Type G	- -	-	-	There is a nitro group, a chemical group associated with explosive properties, present in the molecule, but because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN3443), and it was considered to be not applicable to self-reactive substances and mixtures, hazards of the highest precedence, it was classified as Type G.
9	Pyrophoric liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
10	Pyrophoric solids	*	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN3443), and it was considered to be not applicable to pyrophoric solids, hazards of the highest precedence.
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	*	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 deg C) substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	*	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
13	Oxidizing liquids	*	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
14	Oxidizing solids	*	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine), which is chemically bonded to an element (N) other than carbon or hydrogen. However, the classification is not possible due to no data.
15	Organic peroxides	*	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
16	Corrosive to metals	*	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.
17	Desensitized explosives	*	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" because it is not desensitized by wetting, dilution, etc.

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified (Not applicable)."
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There was a description of (1), but it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data. The classification was changed because no clear evidence corresponding to the classification was obtained. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) m-Dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), an isomer of this substance, caused slight irritation to the eyes, and no irritation to the skin. Since the physicochemical properties of this substance are similar to those of m-dinitrobenzene, suggesting that the irritating properties of this substance are also limited (GESTIS (Access on July 2019)).
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There were descriptions of (1) and (2), but it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data. The category was changed because no clear evidence corresponding to the classification was obtained. [Reference Data, etc.] It was reported that this substance caused no irritation in a test with guinea pigs (GESTIS (Access on July 2019)). (2) m-Dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), an isomer of this substance, caused slight irritation to the eyes, and no irritation to the skin. Since the physicochemical properties of this substance are similar to those of m-dinitrobenzene, suggesting that the irritating properties of this substance are also limited (GESTIS (Access on July 2019)).
4	Respiratory sensitization	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There were no in vivo data, therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. [Evidence Data] (1) As for in vitro, there was a report that the result was negative in a bacterial reverse mutation test (DFGOT Vol. 1 (1990)).
6	Carcinogenicity	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on classification results by other organizations of (1), it was classified as "Classification not possible" in accordance with the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government. [Evidence Data] (1) It was classified as D by EPA in classification results by domestic and international organizations (IRIS (1992)).
7	Reproductive toxicity	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] It was reported that m-dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), an isomer of this substance, caused testicular toxicity in rats, but this substance did not lead to testicular toxicity at the same dose as m-dinitrobenzene (PATTY (6th, 2012)).
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (blood system)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Although there were no reports of a single dose of the substance itself in humans, based on descriptions of the possible methemoglobinemia in humans in (1)-(3) and the fact that in (4) methemoglobin production was confirmed in experimental animals, although it was an intraperitoneal administration, it was classified in Category 1 (blood system) on the whole. The information used as the basis for respiratory tract irritation in the previous classification was not adopted because it was derived from the information source in List 3. Therefore, the classification result was changed. [Evidence Data] (1) It is described that although this substance has the lowest toxicity among the three isomers of dinitrobenzene, it is absorbed from the skin and can cause methemoglobinemia (PATTY (6th, 2012)). (2) There are descriptions that this substance was expected to have very similar toxic effects to technical dinitrobenzene, and that attention should be given to systemic toxicity mainly resulting from formation of methemoglobin (GESTIS (Access on July 2019)). (3) In the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare notification "Certification Criteria for diseases caused by nitro or amino derivatives of aromatic compounds," methemoglobinemia was defined as "high risk of occurrence" for dinitrobenzene (all isomers) (Notification No. 565 dated August 4, 1976). (4) In a single intraperitoneal dose test with rats, this substance caused induction of methemoglobin production at doses of 60-75 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.1 (1990)). [Reference Data, etc.] (5) It was reported that though m-dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), an isomer of this substance, revealed testicular toxicity in rats, this substance did not lead to testicular toxicity at the same dose as m-dinitrobenzene (PATTY (6th, 2012)).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (blood system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Although there is no information on the substance itself, based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 1 (blood system). Since the information used as the basis for classification in the previous classification was considered to be information on isomer mixtures containing this substance, the classification result was changed from the previous classification. [Evidence Data] (1) Although this substance has the lowest toxicity among the three isomers of dinitrobenzene, it is absorbed from the skin and can cause methemoglobinemia. This substance did not lead to testicular damage in rats at the same dose where m-dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), an isomer of this substance, had such an effect (PATTY (6th, 2012)). (2) In the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare notification "Certification Criteria for diseases caused by nitro or amino derivatives of aromatic compounds," methemoglobinemia was defined as "high risk of occurrence" for dinitrobenzene (all isomers) (Notification No. 565 dated August 4, 1976). [Reference Data, etc.] (3) In the GHS classification at fiscal year 2019, m-dinitrobenzene (CAS RN 99-65-0), the isomer of this substance, was classified in Category 1 (visual organs, central nervous system, blood system, liver, kidney, reproductive organs (men)).
10	Aspiration hazard	*	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 72-hour ErC50 = 0.48 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)).
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	If chronic toxicity data are used, then it is classified in Category 1 due to being not rapidly degradable (BIOWIN), and 72-hour NOEC = 0.021 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained, then it is classified in Category 2 due to being not rapidly degradable (BIOWIN), 48-hour EC50 = 3.0 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna), and 96-hour LC50 = 1.3 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (both, Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2012)). By drawing a comparison between the above results, it was classified in Category 1.
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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