NITE - Chemical Management Field

GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	12789-03-6
Chemical Name	Chlordane
Substance ID	R02-A-006-MHLW
Classification year (FY)	FY2020
Ministry who conducted the classification	Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)
New/Revised	New
Classification result in other fiscal year
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
UN GHS document (External link)	UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file)	Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products. It was classified as "Not classified."
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
6	Flammable liquids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available. There is information that a pure substance is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)), but for industrial use, there are solutions in an organic solvent, some of which are combustible.
7	Flammable solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. It was classified as "Not classified."
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available. There is information that a pure substance is not combustible (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)), but for industrial use, there are solutions in an organic solvent, some of which are combustible.
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). It was classified as "Not classified."
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine (but not fluorine or oxygen) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen. It was classified as "Not classified."
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.
17	Desensitized explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 3	Danger	H301	P301+P310 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] It was classified in Category 3 from (1) - (3). [Evidence Data] (1) LD50 for rats: 137-590 mg/kg (ATSDR (2018)) (2) LD50 for rats: 500 mg/kg (Patty (6th, 2012)) (3) LD50 for rats: 570 mg/kg (Patty (6th, 2012))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 3	Danger	H311	P302+P352 P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] It was classified in Category 3 from (1), (2). [Evidence Data] (1) LD50 for rats: 530-840 mg/kg (ATSDR (2018)) (2) LD50 for rabbits: 1,150 mg/kg (ATSDR (2018))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There is a description of (1), but the classification is not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) Early use of this substance resulted in irritation of the eye and skin of industrial and agricultural workers, but this does not appear to have been a problem (Patty (6th, 2012)).
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] There is a description of (1), but the classification is not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) Early use of this substance resulted in irritation of the eye and skin of industrial and agricultural workers, but this does not appear to have been a problem (Patty (6th, 2012)).
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), although there were findings indicating concerns about genotoxicity, there were no relevant findings. Based on weight of evidence, it was classified as "Classification not possible." [Evidence Data] (1) As for in vivo, in a dominant lethal test using the bone marrow cells after intraperitoneal injection to mice, negative results were reported, but in a chromosomal aberration test and a micronucleus test using the bone marrow cells of mice, and in a DNA damage test using rat liver, positive results were reported (ATSDR (2018), IRIS Tox Review (1998)). (2) As for in vitro, in a bacterial reverse mutation test and in a mammalian cell chromosome aberration test, positive and negative results were reported. In a sister chromatid exchange analysis with the cultured mammalian cells, positive results were reported (ATSDR (2018), IRIS Tox Review (1998), CEBS (Access on August 2020)).
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2	Warning	H351	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) to (3), it was classified in Category 2. [Evidence Data] (1) As for the classification results by domestic and international organizations, the IARC classified chlordane (CAS RN 57-74-9) in Group 2B (IARC 79 (2001)) and the EPA classified this substance in L (likely carcinogen in humans) (IRIS Tox Review (1998)). (2) In most of epidemiology studies, no significant associations were observed between occupational exposure to, and serum levels of, this substance or its components and/or metabolites and risk of cancer. Some studies, however, reported significant associations between serum levels of this substance or its components and/or metabolites and risk of cancer of the male reproductive organs, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and pancreatic cancer. In case-control studies, significant associations between self-reported use of this substance and risk of rectal cancer and between usage in pesticide application of this substance and risk of breast cancer were observed (ATSDR (2018)). (3) In carcinogenicity studies with mice dosed by feeding, an increase in hepatocellular tumors was observed in males (ATSDR (2018)).
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 2	Warning	H361	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 2. [Evidence Data] (1) In developmental toxicity studies with female rats dosed by gavage on days 6 to 19 of gestation, at doses at which a decrease in body weight gain was observed in dams, a decrease in viable fetuses was observed (IRIS Tox Review (1998), ATSDR (2018)). (2) In a seven-day oral administration study using female mice during late gestation (doses: 0, 1, 2.5 mg/kg), neurobehavioral effects in neonates (depressed acquisition of conditioned avoidance response (mean responses: 13.1/16 in the control group, 9.7/16 in the low-dose group, and 9.7/16 in the high-dose group), an increase in seizure threshold (mean responses: 90.1 volts in the control group, 108.6 volts in the low-dose group, 134.9 volts in the high-dose group), and an increase in exploratory activity (mean responses: 93.9 times in the control group, 88.4 times in the low-dose group, 137.7 times in the high-dose group)) were observed (IRIS Tox Review (1998), Al-Hachim, G.M. and A. Al-Baker. 1973.. Br. J. Pharmacol. 49: 480-483.).
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (central nervous system)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system). [Evidence Data] (1) In acute exposure of humans and experimental animals to this substance, neurotoxicity was a principal endpoint and tremors and convulsions were observed in both humans and experimental animals (IRIS (1998)). (2) As for the cases of humans exposed to this substance, it was reported that convulsions were observed in oral exposure, and effects on the central nervous system including chest pains, dyspnea, shortness of breath, ataxia, headache, dizziness, irritability, excitability, confusion, incoordination, tremors, convulsions, and coma were observed in inhalation exposure (ATSDR (2018)).
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (liver, kidney)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] There was no reliable report about repeated exposure of humans to this substance. In experimental animals, based on (1) to (3), at doses for Category 1, effects on the liver and kidney were observed. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (liver, kidney). [Evidence Data] (1) It was reported that in a 2- to 9-month oral toxicity study with rats dosed by feeding, at or above 0.125 mg/kg/day (within the range for Category 1), centrilobular hypertrophy and cytoplasmic inclusions of hepatocytes were observed (ATSDR (2018)). (2) It was reported that in a 28-day oral toxicity study with rats, at or above 0.25 mg/kg/day (within the range for Category 1), histopathologic kidney lesions were observed in males; and at 25 mg/kg/day (within the range for Category 2), hypertrophy of the liver in males and females, an increase in absolute kidney weight, an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and a decrease in serum creatine kinase in males, and anisokaryosis of hepatocytes and histopathologic kidney lesions in females were observed (ATSDR (2018)). (3) It was reported that in a 13-week inhalation exposure test with rats (8 hours/day, 5 days/week), at or above 0.001 mg/L (converted guidance value (6 hours/day): 0.00096 mg/L, within the range for Category 1), hepatocellular enlargement or vacuolization was observed (ATSDR (2018)). [Reference Data, etc.] (4) In several studies on occupational exposure of humans to this substance at low levels, there was no report indicating that the liver was the target organ of this substance (IRIS (1998)). On the other hand, there was a report suggesting that jaundice was associated with continued exposure such as living in a house in which this substance had been used to control termites (ATSDR (2018)). (5) As for humans who had been exposed to aerosols of this substance at home or in the workplace for a period ranging from 3 days to 15 months (for 5.84 months on average), it was reported that in a test conducted after 4 months to 10 years (for 2.4 years on average) from the exposure, impaired proliferative responses to plant mitogens were observed, which suggested that the exposure to this substance was associated with immune deficiency (ATSDR (2018)). (6) An increased risk of diabetes among people engaged in agriculture who used this substance (372 diabetics, 7,365 nondiabetics) was reported (ATSDR (2018)) (7) It was reported that in a chronic and acute exposure of humans to this substance, neurological toxicity could be a potential toxicological endpoint (IRIS (1998)).
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	-	- -	-	-	-
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	-	- -	-	-	-
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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