GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 78-94-4
Chemical Name Methyl vinyl ketone
Substance ID R02-B-004-MHLW, MOE
Classification year (FY) FY2020
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006   FY2015  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."
2 Flammable gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
3 Aerosols Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Not aerosol products. It was classified as "Not classified."
4 Oxidizing gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
5 Gases under pressure Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
6 Flammable liquids Category 2


Danger
H225 P303+P361+P353
P370+P378
P403+P235
P210
P233
P240
P241
P242
P243
P280
P501
It was classified in Category 2 based on a flash point of -7 deg C (closed cup) and a boiling point of 81 deg C (NFPA (14th, 2010)). Besides, a stabilized one is classified in Division 6.1, Subsidiary Risk 3 and 8, PG I in UNRTDG (UN1251).
7 Flammable solids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Type G
-
-
- - There is a chemical group associated with self-reactive properties, an unsaturated bond, present in the molecule, but because a stabilized one is classified in Division 6.1, Subsidiary Risk 3 and 8 in UNRTDG (UN1251), and it is considered to be not applicable to self-reactive substances and mixtures, hazards of the highest precedence, and it was classified in Type G.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified
-
-
- - It was classified as "Not classified" because it is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 491 deg C (NFPA (14th, 2010)).
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). It was classified as "Not classified."
13 Oxidizing liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen. It was classified as "Not classified."
14 Oxidizing solids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
15 Organic peroxides Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
17 Desensitized explosives Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 2


Danger
H300 P301+P310
P264
P270
P321
P330
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 2 from (1), (2).

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 for rats: 23.1 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2019), GESTIS (Access on April 2020), HSDB (Access on April 2020))
(2) LD50 for rats: 31 mg/kg (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998))
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 1


Danger
H310 P302+P352
P361+P364
P262
P264
P270
P280
P310
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1).

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 for rabbits: about 10-50 microL/kg (about 8.3-41.5 mg/kg) (GESTIS (Access on April 2020))
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Liquid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Category 1


Danger
H330 P304+P340
P403+P233
P260
P271
P284
P310
P320
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1), (2).
Besides, because exposure concentrations are lower than 90% of the saturated vapor pressure concentration (200,016 ppm), the reference value in units of ppm was applied as a vapour without a mist.

[Evidence Data]
(1) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 7 mg/m3 (2.4 ppm) (ACGIH (7th, 2019), GESTIS (Access on April 2020))
(2) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 22.4 mL/m3 (22.4 ppm) (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998))
(3) Vapor pressure of this substance: 152 mmHg (25 deg C) (converted value for the saturated vapor pressure concentration: 200,016 ppm) (HSDB (Access on April 2020))
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1


Danger
H314 P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353
P305+P351+P338
P304+P340
P260
P264
P280
P310
P321
P363
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (4).

[Evidence Data]
(1) This substance is a severe skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant in humans and one of the more potent irritants of mucous membranes, particularly of the eye and respiratory tract (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
(2) This substance has a strong irritative effect on mucous membranes, and skin contact leads to severe necrosis (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(3) This substance has strong irritative and corrosive effects on the skin and mucosa and causes severe eye and lung damage (GESTIS (Access on April 2020), HSDB (Access on April 2020)).
(4) In a test in which this substance (0.2 mL) was applied to the rabbit skin (application time: unknown), hyperemia and edema occurred after 1 hour, edema disappeared on day 2, but deep purulent ulcers developed, and 28-30 days were required for recovery (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1


Danger
H318 P305+P351+P338
P280
P310
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (5).

[Evidence Data]
(1) This substance is a severe skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant in humans and one of the more potent irritants of mucous membranes, particularly of the eye and respiratory tract (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
(2) This substance has a strong irritative effect on mucous membranes, and skin contact leads to severe necrosis (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(3) This substance has strong irritative and corrosive effects on the skin and mucosa and causes severe eye and lung damage (GESTIS (Access on April 2020), HSDB (Access on April 2020)).
(4) In a test in which a drop of this substance was applied to the rabbit eye, severe corneal degeneration and tissue damage on the eyelids occurred, resulting in loss of the eye (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(5) This substance was classified in Category 1 in skin corrosion/irritation.
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Category 1


Warning
H317 P302+P352
P333+P313
P362+P364
P261
P272
P280
P321
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (3).

[Evidence Data]
(1) This substance was reported to be a sensitizer based on the results of animal experiments (ACGIH (7th, 2001)).
(2) It was reported to be positive in skin sensitization tests with guinea pigs (Polak method and an open epicutaneous test) (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(3) This substance has a skin sensitizing potential (GESTIS (Access on April 2020), HSDB (Access on April 2020)).
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
There is no clear knowledge that it was positive in in-vivo or in-vitro from (1), (2), and the classification is not possible due to lack of data.

[Evidence Data]
(1) As for in vivo, there was an equivocal result in a micronucleus test with rats, and in a micronucleus test with mice, it was reported to be negative in females and equivocal in males (CEBS (Access on April 2020)).
(2) As for in vitro, positive results were obtained in bacterial reverse mutation tests but only under special conditions or standard conditions but with S9 mix from hamsters (MAK (DFG) vol. 9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2001), CEBS (Access on April 2020)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
7 Reproductive toxicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification was not possible due to lack of data.
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, kidney)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (6), it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs, kidney).

[Evidence Data]
(1) This substance has a strongly irritative effect on mucous membranes, particularly on those of the eyes and respiratory passages. This causes bronchopneumonia and acute pulmonary edema. In animal experiments, the main effect of the substance after oral or dermal administration was central nervous depression (apathy, coordination disorders, and paresis of the limbs). The main systemic effect of this substance was severe kidney damage (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(2) As a result of inhalation exposure of rats and mice for 15 to 20 minutes to this substance at concentration of 41.3 mL/m3 (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 0.03 mg/L, within the range for Category 1), death, severe irritation of mucous membranes, dyspnea, central nervous system disorder, and hyperemia and edema of the internal organs and brain were observed (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(3) As a result of inhalation exposure of rats, mice and guinea pigs for 60 minutes at concentration of 100 mL/m3 (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 0.15 mg/L, within the range for Category 1), death (half of rabbits, one-third of guinea pigs) and bronchopneumonia (no description of animal species) were observed (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(4) As a result of oral administration to mice and rats at 10 to 60 mg/kg (within the range for Category 1), loss of appetite, dyspnea, ruffled fur, and paralysis of the limbs were observed (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(5) As a result of oral administration to rabbits at about 17 mg/kg (within the range for Category 1), death, apathy, loss of appetite, irritation of the stomach mucosa, and damage of the kidney were observed. As a result of oral administration at about 9 to 13 mg/kg (within the range for Category 1), damage of the kidney was also reported (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(6) As a result of single oral administration to cats at about 4 mg/kg or about 2.5 mg/kg (both within the range for Category 1), damage of the kidney was also reported (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (respiratory organs)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs).

[Evidence Data]
(1) As a result of inhalation exposure of rats for 13 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week), lesions of the nasal cavity (such as hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelium) were observed at or above 0.5 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.001 mg/L, within the range for Category 1) (ACGIH (7th, 2019)).
(2) As a result of inhalation exposure of mice for 13 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week), a decrease in leukocyte counts (only males) was observed at or above 0.5 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.001 mg/L, within the range for Category 1), and lesions of the nasal cavity (squamous metaplasia of the transitional and respiratory epithelia) were observed at or above 2 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.004 mg/L, within the range for Category 1) (ACGIH (7th, 2019))

[Reference Data, etc.]
(3) There was a statement that the main systemic effect of this substance was severe kidney damage (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
(4) It was reported that in an inhalation exposure test with rats dosed at 6.9 mL/m3 for 2.5 months (4 hours/day), symptoms of general intoxication as well as functional disorders of the liver and kidney were observed, but the details were unknown (MAK (DFG) vol.9 (1998)).
10 Aspiration hazard Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Because it corresponds to Category 2 in UN GHS classification from (1) and (2), it was classified as "Not classified" according to the current GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.

[Evidence Data]
(1) It is a ketone with a composition of no more than 13 carbon atoms.
(2) From kinematic viscosity of 0.97 mm2/s at 21 deg C (calculated from viscosity of 0.807 mPa*s at 21 deg C (HSDB (Access on April 2020)) and density of 0.83 g/cm3 (GESTIS (Access on April 2020))), kinematic viscosity is <= 14 mm2/s at 40 deg C.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute) Category 1


Warning
H400 P273
P391
P501
It was classified in Category 1 from 48-hour EC50 = 0.24 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (BUA 233, 2001).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic) Category 1


Warning
H410 P273
P391
P501
Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. It was classified in Category 1 because sufficient data on rapid degradability were not obtained, and it was classified in Category 1 in acute toxicity.
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
  • An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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