GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 298-00-0
Chemical Name Dimethyl-p-nitrophenylthiophosphate; Methylparathion
Substance ID R02-B-046-MHLW, MOE
Classification year (FY) FY2020
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not classified
-
-
- - There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties, a nitro group, present in the molecule, but because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN2783), and it does not correspond to explosives, hazards of the highest precedence, it was classified as "Not classified."
2 Flammable gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
3 Aerosols Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Not aerosol products. It was classified as "Not classified."
4 Oxidizing gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
5 Gases under pressure Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
6 Flammable liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
7 Flammable solids Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available. Besides, data used in the previous classification was changed in ICSC (2005), which describes that it is combustible. Therefore, the category was revised.
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Type G
-
-
- - There is a nitro group, a chemical group associated with explosive properties, and self-reactive atomic groups (P-O), in the molecule, but because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN2783), and it is considered to be not applicable to self-reactive substances and mixtures, hazards of the highest precedence, it was classified in Type G.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
10 Pyrophoric solids Not classified
-
-
- - Because it is classified in Division 6.1, PG II in UNRTDG (UN2783), and it does not correspond to pyrophoric substances, hazards of the highest precedence, it was classified as "Not classified."
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- - Classification is not possible because test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 deg C) substances are not available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified
-
-
- - It contains a metalloid (P), but it was classified as "Not classified" because it is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water from water solubility data of 37.7 mg/L (20 deg C) (HSDB (Access on May 2020)).
13 Oxidizing liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
14 Oxidizing solids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded to elements other than carbon and hydrogen (P and N), but no data are available, and the classification is not possible.
15 Organic peroxides Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule. It was classified as "Not classified."
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - It is a solid with a melting point of 55 deg C or lower, but the classification is not possible due to no data.
17 Desensitized explosives Not classified
-
-
- - There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (nitro group) present in the molecule, but this substance was classified as "Not classified" for desensitized explosives because a pure substance does not correspond to any hazard class in explosives.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 1


Danger
H300 P301+P310
P264
P270
P321
P330
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (12).
Besides, there were data in fasted and non-fasted conditions for this substance, and by prioritizing the knowledge in fasting before dosing, required by OECD TG 423, it was classified in Category 1.
Therefore, the classification result was changed from the previous classification.

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 for rats: males: 2.9 mg/kg, females: 3.2 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(2) LD50 for rats: 4.5-24 mg/kg (EPA Pesticides RED (2006))
(3) LD50 for rats: 4-62 mg/kg (JMPR (1995))
(4) LD50 for rats: 6 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(5) LD50 for rats: 7.4 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(6) LD50 for rats: females: 9.3 mg/kg, males: 10.8 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(7) LD50 for rats: males: 11 mg/kg, females: 16 mg/kg (NTP TR157 (1979))
(8) LD50 for rats: males: 11.7 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(9) LD50 for rats: 14 mg/kg (IPCS PIM G001 (1998))
(10) LD50 for rats: males: 14 mg/kg, females: 24 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993), HSDB (Access on May 2020), Patty (6th, 2012))
(11) LD50 for rats: 14-24 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2009))
(12) LD50 for rats: 35 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 1


Danger
H310 P302+P352
P361+P364
P262
P264
P270
P280
P310
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (8).
Besides, by reviewing information, the classification result was changed from the previous classification.

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 for rats: 6 mg/kg (EPA Pesticides RED (2006))
(2) LD50 for rats: 6-67 mg/kg (Patty (6th, 2012))
(3) LD50 for rats: females: 44 mg/kg, males: 46 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(4) LD50 for rats: 63 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993))
(5) LD50 for rats: 67 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2009), EHC 145 (1993), ATSDR (2001))
(6) LD50 for rats: males: 110 mg/kg, females: 120 mg/kg (ATSDR (2001))
(7) LD50 for rabbits: 300 mg/kg (EHC 145 (1993), GESTIS (Access on May 2020))
(8) LD50 for rats: 480 mg/kg (JMPR (1995))
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Category 1


Danger
H330 P304+P340
P403+P233
P260
P271
P284
P310
P320
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 1 from (1) - (5).
By reviewing information, the classification result was changed from the previous classification.
Besides, because exposure concentrations were higher than the saturated vapor pressure concentration (5.0E-005 mg/L), a reference value in the unit of mg/L was applied as dust.

[Evidence Data]
(1) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 0.034 mg/L (US AEGL (1987), GESTIS (Access on May 2020), HSDB (Access on May 2020))
(2) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 0.034-0.185 mg/L (US AEGL (1987))
(3) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 0.12 mg/L (EHC 145 (1993), US AEGL (1987), Patty (6th, 2012))
(4) LC50 for rats (4 hours): 0.13 mg/L (JMPR (1995))
(5) LC50 for rats (4 hours): females: 0.17 mg/L, males: 0.185 mg/L (EHC 145 (1993))
(6) Vapor pressure of this substance: 3.5E-006 mmHg (25 deg C) (HSDB (Access on May 2020)) (converted value for the saturated vapor pressure concentration: 5.0E-005 mg/L)
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified as "Not classified" from (1) - (6). The classification result was changed due to new data obtained.

[Evidence Data]
(1) This substance (technical grade) did not irritate the skin and eye (EHC 145 (1993)).
(2) As a result of 4-hour or 6-hour application of this substance to the rabbit skin at up to the lethal dose (LD100), no irritation was shown (EHC 145 (1993)).
(3) It was not irritating in a skin irritation test with rabbits according to OECD TG 404 (EHC 145 (1993)).
(4) It was slightly irritating to the skin in rabbits (JMPR (1995)).
(5) In a skin irritation test with rabbits according to EPA OPPTS 870.2500, the maximum score was 2, and the score after 72 hours was 0.5 (EPA Pesticides (2006)).
(6) This substance is not irritating to the skin and eye (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(7) In a skin irritation test by 1 to 24-hour semi-occlusive application of a formulation containing 80% of this substance to the rabbit skin, very minor to moderate reddening was seen at 1 hour after the application (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)).
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2B
-
Warning
H320 P305+P351+P338
P337+P313
P264
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 2B from (1), (2).

[Evidence Data]
(1) It was slightly irritating to the eyes in rabbits (JMPR (1995)).
(2) in an eye irritation test with rabbits according to EPA OPPTS 870.2400, irritation reactions cleared by 7 days (EPA Pesticides (2006)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(3) It was not irritating in an eye irritation test with rabbits according to OECD TG 405 (EHC 145 (1993)).
(4) In an eye irritation test in which a formulation containing 80% of this substance was applied to the rabbit eye, only slight reddening was seen at 1 hour after the application, which was reversible within 48 hours (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)).
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified as "Not classified" from (1) - (3).

[Evidence Data]
(1) It was not sensitizing to the skin in guinea pigs (JMPR (1995)).
(2) It was not sensitizing in a skin sensitization test with guinea pigs according to EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (EPA Pesticides RED (2006)).
(3) No skin sensitizing effects were confirmed in humans or animals for this substance (GESTIS (Access on May 2020)).
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Category 2


Warning
H341 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
It was classified in Category 2 from (1) - (3).

[Evidence Data]
(1) As for in vivo, it is reported that it was negative in a dominant lethal test with mice but positive and negative in chromosomal aberration tests using rats/mice, micronucleus tests using rats/mice, and unscheduled DNA synthesis tests using bone marrow cells or reproductive cells of mice (ATSDR (2001), EHC 145 (1993), ACGIH (7th, 2009), IARC 30 (1983)).
(2) As for in vitro, it is reported that it was positive and negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests and chromosomal aberration tests with cultured mammalian cells, positive in a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells, and negative in an unscheduled DNA synthesis test with cultured human-derived cells (ATSDR (2001), EHC 145 (1993), ACGIH (7th, 2009), IARC 30 (1983), CEBS (Access on May 2020)).
(3) An increase in chromosomal aberrations was reported in peripheral blood lymphocytes from workers exposed to this substance (ATSDR (2001), EHC145 (1993)).
6 Carcinogenicity Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
There was no available report in humans. It was classified as "Not classified" from (1), (2).

[Evidence Data]
(1) As for classification results by domestic and international organizations, it was classified Group 3 by IARC (IARC Sup7 (1987)), A4 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2009)), and NL (Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans) by EPA (EPA Annual Cancer Report 2019 (Access on July 2020): classified in 1997).
(2) In carcinogenicity tests by 2-year diet administration of this substance to male and female rats and mice, no significant increase in tumor incidences was observed in either species, and it was concluded that this substance was not carcinogenic in rats and mice (NTP TR157 (1979)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 2


Warning
H361 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
In (1), at a dose at which parental toxicity was unknown, clear effects were observed in pups. In (2) and (3), the degree of developmental effects at a dose at which maternal toxicity was observed was not clear or could not be adopted as rationale for the classification. Therefore, it was classified in Category 2 in accordance with the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government.

[Evidence Data]
(1) In a three-generation reproduction toxicity study with rats, there was no description of toxicity in parental animals, but a decrease in litter size, lower survival rate, etc. were observed (EHC 145 (1993)).
(2) In a developmental toxicity study with female rats dosed by gavage on days 6 to 15 of gestation, at a dose at which mortality, abnormalities in general conditions, a decrease in body weight, and inhibition of cholinesterase (plasma, erythrocyte, brain) activities were observed in dams, increases in post implantation embryo loss and embryo resorption, a decrease in fetal body weight, and delayed ossification were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2009)). For the data that appeared to be obtained in the same study, the JMPR (1995) described only delayed ossification as an effect on fetuses and did not indicate effects such as increases in post implantation embryo loss and embryo resorption.
(3) In a developmental toxicity study with female rats dosed by gavage on days 6 to 15 of gestation, at a dose at which reduced body weight gain was observed in dams, slight growth retardation in embryos and fetuses was observed (EHC 145 (1993)).
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, respiratory organs)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (5), it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, respiratory organs). Based on the ATSDR (2001), effects on the liver were non-specific associated with hypoxia, stress, etc. and effects on the kidney were also considered to be secondary effects of hypoxia. Therefore, they were not adopted as rationale for the classification. A new information source was used and the classification results were changed from the previous classification.

[Evidence Data]
(1) As a result of inappropriate indoor use of this substance as an insecticide, seven children exposed to this substance showed signs of organophosphate poisoning (lethargy, increased salivation, increased respiratory secretions, pinpoint pupils, respiratory arrest) (ACGIH (7th, 2009), ATSDR (2001)).
(2) As symptoms of poisoning in humans acutely exposed to this substance (oral, dermal, inhalation), respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal effects were observed (ATSDR (2001)).
(3) Pulmonary edema was reported in humans who died from acute intoxication with this substance. Primary muscarinic effects of this substance are bronchoconstriction and hypersecretion of bronchial glands (bronchorrhea), and bronchoconstriction, bronchorrhea, and bradycardia caused by this substance are strongly conducive to pulmonary edema (ATSDR (2001)).
(4) Acute exposure to this substance resulted in 30 fatalities, 20 men and 10 women, aged 18 to 82, within 2 hours to 9 days after exposure. Of the 30 cases, 26 had ingested 50 to 300 g of this substance, while the rest had a combination of excessive dermal and inhalation exposure during spraying. Histological lesions in the liver, kidney, spleen, heart, brain, and vascular endothelium were reported (ATSDR (2001)).
(5) Signs and symptoms of acute intoxication with this substance were characteristic of systemic poisoning by cholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorous compounds. They included peripheral and central cholinergic nervous system manifestions appearing as rapidly as a few minutes after exposure (EHC 145 (1993)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(6) Organophosphorus pesticides such as this substance are absorbed by all routes, including inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption. The toxicological effects of the organophosphorus pesticides are due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system, resulting in respiratory, myocardial, and neuromuscular transmission impairment (IPCS PIM G001 (1998)).
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (nervous system)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (6), effects on the nervous system at doses within the range for Category 1 were observed. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system).

[Evidence Data]
(1) In a 90-day feeding test with rats, decreases in plasma, erythrocyte, and brain cholinesterase (ChE) activities were observed at 25 ppm (1.2 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
(2) In a 13-week feeding test with dogs, decreases in plasma, erythrocyte, and brain ChE activities were observed at 3 ppm (within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
(3) In a one-year feeding test with rats, degenerative changes and demyelination of the sciatic nerve were observed at or above 12 ppm (0.5 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
(4) In a two-year feeding test with mice, decreases in plasma, erythrocyte, and brain ChE activities were observed at 50 ppm (9.2 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
(5) In a two-year feeding test with rats, tremors, stained fur around the urinary organs, a decrease in body weight, retinal degeneration, sciatic nerve degeneration, decreases in packed cell volume and haemoglobin and erythrocyte counts, and a decrease in brain ChE activities were observed at 50 ppm (2.5 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
(6) In a two-year feeding test with rats, a decrease in brain ChE activities was observed at 10 ppm (0.52 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (JMPR (1995)).
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute) Category 1


Warning
H400 P273
P391
P501
It was classified in Category 1 from 48-hour LC50 = 0.00014 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (EHC 145, 1992).
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic) Category 1


Warning
H410 P273
P391
P501
It was classified in Category 1 because it is not rapidly degradable (BIOWIN) and due to 21-day NOEC = 0.00011 mg/L for crustacea (Mysidopsis bahia) (EPA RED, 2006).
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
  • An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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