GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government

Japanese



GENERAL INFORMATION
Item Information
CAS RN 7440-28-0
Chemical Name Thallium and its compounds
Substance ID R03-B-030-METI, MOE
Classification year (FY) FY2021
Ministry who conducted the classification Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)/Ministry of the Environment (MOE)
New/Revised Revised
Classification result in other fiscal year FY2006  
Download of Excel format Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION
Item Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link) GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
UN GHS document (External link) UN GHS document
Definitions/Abbreviations (Excel file) Definitions/Abbreviations
Model Label by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Model SDS by MHLW (External link) MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link) eChemPortal

PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Explosives Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.
2 Flammable gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
3 Aerosols Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Not aerosol products.
4 Oxidizing gases Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
5 Gases under pressure Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
6 Flammable liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
7 Flammable solids Not classified
-
-
- - It is not combustible (ICSC). However, there is information that there is a risk of dust explosion in the form of dust (ICSC).
8 Self-reactive substances and mixtures Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.
9 Pyrophoric liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
10 Pyrophoric solids Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
11 Self-heating substances and mixtures Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
12 Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Not classified
-
-
- - There is an observation result that it is insoluble in water (GESTIS (Accessed Aug 2021)), it is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water.
13 Oxidizing liquids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Solid (GHS definition)
14 Oxidizing solids Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - It is an inorganic element containing no oxygen or halogen.
15 Organic peroxides Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - Inorganic element
16 Corrosive to metals Classification not possible
-
-
- - Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.
17 Desensitized explosives Not classified (Not applicable)
-
-
- - There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.

HEALTH HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
1 Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 2


Danger
H300 P301+P310
P264
P270
P321
P330
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (7), and the LD50 value as thallium element equivalent, it was classified in Category 2. Also, it was classified based on the new information source. Besides, this CAS RN is for thallium element, and this classification targeted 14 substances (metal thallium and thallium compounds) in (8), which were assessed in the Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017).

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 (thallium nitrate) for rats: 26 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 19.2 mg/kg) (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021))
(2) LD50 (thallium sulfate) for rats: 16 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 13 mg/kg) (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
(3) LD50 (thallium carbonate (I)) for rats: 21.8 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 19 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
(4) LD50 (thallium carbonate (I)) for rats: 15 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 13.1 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
(5) LD50 (thallium oxide (I)) for rats: 40.6 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 39.1 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
(6) LD50 (thallium oxide (III)) for rats: 44 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 39.4 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
(7) LD50 (thallium acetate) for rats: 41.3 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 32 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), EHC 182 (1996))
(8) In the Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), assessment was carried out for thallium (CAS RN: 7440-28-0), thallium nitrate (I) (CAS RN: 10102-45-1), thallium nitrate (III) (CAS RN: 13746-98-0), thallium sulfate (CAS RN: 7446-18-6), thallium carbonate (CAS RN: 6533-73-9), thallium acetate (CAS RN: 563-68-8), thallium oxide (I) (CAS RN: 1314-12-1), thallium oxide (III) (CAS RN: 1314-32-5), thallium chloride (I) (CAS RN: 7791-12-0), thallium trichloride (III) (CAS RN: 13453-32-2), thallium fluoride (CAS RN: 7789-27-7), thallium iodide (CAS RN: 7790-30-9), thallium bromide (CAS RN: 7789-40-4), and thallium malonate (CAS RN: 2757-18-8).
1 Acute toxicity (Dermal) Category 2


Danger
H310 P302+P352
P361+P364
P262
P264
P270
P280
P310
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) and (2), and the LD50 value as thallium element equivalent, they correspond to Category 2 and Category 3, respectively. It was classified in Category 2 by adopting the category with the higher hazard. It was classified based on the new information source.

[Evidence Data]
(1) LD50 (thallium carbonate (I)) for rats: 117 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 102 mg/kg) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2010), EHC 182 (1996))
(2) LD50 (thallium sulfate) for rats: 550 mg/kg (in terms of thallium: 445 mg/kg) (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017))
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) Not classified
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Solid (GHS definition). It was classified as "Not classified."
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
1 Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
2 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1


Danger
H314 P301+P330+P331
P303+P361+P353
P305+P351+P338
P304+P340
P260
P264
P280
P310
P321
P363
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) and (2), it was classified in Category 1. Also, based on the new findings, the classification result was changed.

[Evidence Data]
(1) After application of thallium to the skin of dogs, striking disorders were observed in all layers of the skin. The dermal changes were characterized by edema and disruption of collagen bundles, and in erythematous patches, massive parakeratosis and occasionally a granular layer proliferation were observed. It was reported that, in the hair follicles, proliferation of the external root sheath showing an excess of parakeratotic horny material was observed (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), EHC 182 (1996)).
(2) The progress of the erythematous lesions towards scaling and crusting included varying degrees of necrolysis and, characteristically for thallium intoxications, spongiform abscesses, the latter occurring also in the hair follicles where thallium binds strongly to melanin (EHC 182 (1996)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(3) In the Ministry of Labour Notification No. 33 in 1996 (revised by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 316 in 2013), this substance is designated as "thallium and its compounds" in simple chemical substances or compounds (including alloys) designated by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare based on Appended Table 1-2, (iv) 1 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Labor Standards Act, and diseases (subjective symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and vomiting, and skin disorders, or peripheral nervous system disorders) with specific symptoms or disorders caused by occupations exposed to this substance as main symptoms or disorders, are designated as occupational diseases.
3 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2


Warning
H319 P305+P351+P338
P337+P313
P264
P280
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1), it was classified in Category 2. Also, based on the new findings, the classification result was changed.

[Evidence Data]
(1) The Hazard Assessment Subcommittee of the Chemical Risk Assessment Study Meeting of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has concluded that thallium and its water-soluble compounds are severely damaging/irritating to the eyes (Material of the Hazard Assessment Subcommittee of the 1st Meeting of the Chemical Risk Assessment Study Meeting, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in FY2021).
4 Respiratory sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
4 Skin sensitization Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.
5 Germ cell mutagenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.

[Reference Data, etc.]
(1) As for in vivo, positive results (details unknown) were reported in a dominant lethal test with rats (males, mated with untreated females after 8-month oral administration) using thallium carbonate, and negative results were reported in a sister chromatid exchange test with the bone marrow cells of hamster using thallium chloride (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)). Besides, the dominant lethal test with rats is considered to be less reliable (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), IRIS (2009)).
(2) In peripheral blood lymphocytes of an intoxicated patient who orally ingested thallium sulfate, chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchange were not induced, but there was an obvious increase in micronucleus of a chromosome loss type (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)). Also, in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 13 thallium intoxicated patients, a significant increase was observed in the average incidence of chromosomal aberration, and as for the results of a micronucleus test for 8 patients, there were no data of control groups, but the incidence of micronucleus in 1 patient was markedly high 4 to 6 weeks after exposure (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(3) In peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients (24 to 25 persons) who were intravenously administered with thallium 201 (201TI) for radioisotope examination, induction of gene mutation or chromosomal aberration was not observed, however, it was also reported that, in examinations carried out on another 21 patients after 3, 30, and 90 days, induction of chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchange were observed after 3 days (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(4) As for in vitro, negative results (-S9) (thallium chloride, thallium acetate) and negative results (-S9) (thallium nitrate) were reported in a bacterial reverse mutation test, positive results were reported in a chromosomal aberration test and a gene mutation test (thallium carbonate; the test system of cells, etc. was unknown for both tests), and negative results were reported in a micronucleus test using the human peripheral blood lymphocytes (Plan of Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2021), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
6 Carcinogenicity Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.

[Reference Data, etc.]
(1) The EPA classified carcinogenicity of thallium (I) water-soluble compound in I (Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential) because the information for assessing carcinogenicity of this substance was insufficient (IRIS (2009)).
(2) Medical records for 86 workers occupationally exposed to thallium at a battery factory and 79 unexposed workers matched for age, length of employment, shift pattern, and type of work were examined for comparison, and as a result, no increase in the incidence of benign neoplasms (site not specified) was observed. This study is limited by the examination of medical records only, lack of exposure quantitation, small cohort size, and unknown length of observation (IRIS (2009), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
7 Reproductive toxicity Category 1B, Additional category for effects on or via lactation


Danger
H360 P308+P313
P201
P202
P280
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (3), it was classified in Category 1B, and effects on lactation were added. The information related to human reproduction toxicity is limited, and the presence or absence of effects cannot be determined, but based on (1) and (2), in test animals, compounds of this substance was thought to show testicular toxicity and adverse effects on sperms at a very low concentration. It was also reported in (3) that they passed through the placenta in humans and test animals, and this substance absorbed through the skin of test animals was transferred to offspring via lactation, causing alopecia. Besides, the case of transplacental alopecia in humans could not be confirmed in the revised version of the ACGIH (7th, 2010) and other assessment reports, etc., and therefore, the category was changed.

[Evidence Data]
(1) In a test with male rats by oral administration of thallium sulfate as the test substance (0.001% (approx. 0.7 mg Tl/kg/day), 60 days), it was suggested that testicular toxicity, such as a decrease in the motile sperm rate in the cauda epididymis, appearance of immature sperms in the epididymis, higher thallium concentration in the testis, distortion in the seminiferous tubular epithelium, Sertoli cell vacuolization, enlargement of the smooth endoplasmic reticula, lower testicular beta-glucuronidase activity, etc. was caused at a very low concentration (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(2) In a test with male mice by oral administration of thallium carbonate as the test substance (0.001 to 10 ppm, mated with untreated females 6 months after the administration), a decrease in sperm motility was observed at or above 0.001 ppm, an increase in dead sperm count was observed at or above 0.01 ppm, and a decrease in sperm count and an increase in morphologically abnormal spermatozoa were observed at or above 0.1 ppm but no effects were observed in fertility index or resorption. In offspring, a decrease in mortality and an increase in the number of live fetuses were observed. Adverse effects on sperms were observed from a very low concentration, but no adverse effects were shown in fertility and fetuses (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(3) It was shown that thallium passed through the placenta of humans and test animals (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014)). It was also reported that thallium absorbed through the skin of rats was transferred to offspring via lactation, causing alopecia in newborns (ACGIH (7th, 2010)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(4) As a result of a study of 297 children who were born and residing in thallium-exposed areas around a cement plant in the former West Germany, congenital malformation was observed in 5 children. Although the pregnancy period was not reflected, all the results of the measurements of thallium concentrations in urine and hair of their mothers were in the lower range compared to the general population. In addition, for 2 out of the 5 children with congenital malformation, a genetic factor was suspected, and also for another 1 child, his/her mother did not ingest vegetables or fruits harvested in the garden during the pregnancy period. Therefore, exposure to thallium was considered to have no relationship with congenital malformation (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(5) In a case-control study of 204 children with low birth weight and 612 children in a control group born in China between 2012 and 2014, the subjects were divided into 3 groups based on the urinary thallium concentration level of their mother on the delivery day, and as a result of obtaining the odds ratio against the low concentration group, the odds ratio for the high concentration group was significantly high at 1.52, and the odds ratio of 1.90, which was adjusted for confounding factors such as pregnancy age, household income, BMI of the mother, birth history, etc. was also significantly high. In addition, when compared by stratifying by median age at birth (28 years old), sex of the child born, education, household income, and employment status, the adjusted odds ratios were significantly high at 2.46 for the high concentration group under the age of 28 and at 2.53 for the high concentration group with annual income below 50,000 yuan. These results suggested that exposure to thallium at a high concentration before birth was related to an increased risk of low birth weight in children (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(6) Thallium sulfate at 0.0001% was administered to female rats by drinking water during the gestation period through the lactation period, and to offspring after weaning by drinking water in the same way as the mother rats until postnatal day of age 60, and as a result, no maternal toxicity or effects on the development of offspring or growth after birth were observed. Similarly, there were no effects on the growth of offspring when they were dosed only during the lactation period and then up to postnatal day 60. However, development of the hair apparatus was incomplete in offspring exposed during the gestation period, and alopecia was observed in offspring exposed only during the lactation period, but both regressed by day 60 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
8 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Category 1 (nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, skin)


Danger
H370 P308+P311
P260
P264
P270
P321
P405
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (4), it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, digestive tract, skin).

[Evidence Data]
(1) Oral ingestion of thallium affects the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system, may cause alopecia, and causes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, muscle pain, blurred vision, impatience, spasm, and an increase in heart rate (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(2) A man who orally ingested rodenticide containing thallium for suicidal purposes suffered vomiting and pains in lower extremities followed by loss of hair after 1 month. In the examination on admission to the hospital, paresthesia, a decrease in superficial sensation in the right and left fingers and below the knees, and muscle weakness and muscle atrophy of the left and right lower extremities were observed, and in addition, a decrease in the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) of the median nerve was observed, and in the examination of the distribution of conduction velocity (DCV), a decrease in the conduction velocity (V70 to V90) of the nerve fiber with a high conduction velocity was observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(3) In a case of death by oral ingestion of a large amount of thallium nitrate, degeneration, enlargement, and ultrafine morphological changes (swollen mitochondria, an increase in vacuoles) of the axons of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system were observed (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014)).
(4) As acute toxic symptoms observed in test animals, gastrointestinal tract symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, etc., neurological symptoms, inflammation at body orifices, skin furuncles, trembling, alopecia, necrotic renal papillitis, death due to respiratory failure, etc. were also cited (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), EHC 182 (1996)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(5) In the Ministry of Labour Notification No. 33 in 1996 (revised by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 316 in 2013), this substance is designated as "thallium and its compounds" in simple chemical substances or compounds (including alloys) designated by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare based on Appended Table 1-2, (iv) 1 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Labor Standards Act, and diseases (subjective symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and vomiting, and skin disorders, or peripheral nervous system disorders) with specific symptoms or disorders caused by occupations exposed to this substance as main symptoms or disorders, are designated as occupational diseases.
9 Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure Category 1 (nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, skin)


Danger
H372 P260
P264
P270
P314
P501
[Rationale for the Classification]
Based on (1) to (3), gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological effects, and alopecia (skin) were judged to be the main effects of repeated exposure in human. Also in the animal studies by the oral route in (4) to (8), from a dose within the range for Category 1 as thallium equivalent, alopecia (hair follicles), neurological symptoms, and pathological changes in the nerve tissues were observed. Since there were no histopathological findings reported on the liver function and kidney function findings in (8), the liver and kidney were excluded from the target organs. Based on the above, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, digestive tract, skin).

[Evidence Data]
(1) As cases of occupational exposure, 12 cases of varying severity among 15 men using organic thallium salts were reported. Percutaneous absorption was presumed because no thallium was detected in the air of the work environment. The main symptoms were abdominal pain, fatigue, irritability, weight loss, and pains in the limbs. Alopecia was observed in 4 men (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(2) A worker who was exposed to dust containing thallium on the face, neck, and arms during glass manufacturing work for four years complained of alopecia, headache, burning sensations and pains in the face and head, decreased taste sensation, anorexia, nausea, body weight loss, diarrhea, fatigue, urticaria, a decrease in sensation in the limbs, and muscle spasms in the shoulders and legs. The worker was diagnosed with glove-and-stocking multiple neuropathy by a neurological examination (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014)).
(3) In 1979, emissions from a cement plant in Germany had contaminated the nearby community, and studies of people living near the plant indicated that the incidence of sleep disturbances and neurological symptoms such as headache, nervousness, paresthesia, and muscle and joint pain increased with level of thallium concentration in both urine and hair (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(4) In a 15-week oral toxicity study with rats dosed by feeding using thallium oxide (III) as the test substance, deaths, noticeable reduced body weight gain, and alopecia were observed in a 0.002% (in terms of thallium: approx. 1.8 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) dose group and a 0.0035% dose group. In a skin tissue examination, decreases in hair follicles and hair shafts, atrophy of the hair follicles, atrophy of the sebaceous gland, and epidermal hyperkeratosis were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(5) In a 15-week oral toxicity study with rats dosed by feeding using thallium acetate as the test substance, alopecia was observed in a group at or above 0.0015% (as thallium equivalent: approx. 0.4 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1), and dead animals were observed at or above 0.003% (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(6) In a 90-day oral toxicity study with rats dosed by gavage using thallium sulfate as the test substance, dose-dependent increases in the incidences of alopecia, lacrimation, and proptosis were observed at or above 0.01 mg/kg/day (as thallium equivlent: approx. 0.008 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1), and atrophy of the hair follicles was observed in 2/20 females at 0.25 mg/kg/day (as thallium equivalent: approx. 0.20 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (Risk Assessment Report (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2014), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017) , ACGIH (7th, 2010)).
(7) In a 36-week oral toxicity test with rats dosed by drinking water using thallium sulfate as the test substance, deaths (21%), alopecia (20%), decreases in motor action potential and sensory nerve action potential, and morphological changes in the sciatic nerve (Wallerian degeneration, vacuolation and layering of the myelin sheath, etc.) were observed at 0.001% (as thallium equivalent: 0.99 to 1.2 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).
(8) In a 3-month oral toxicity test with rats using thallium sulfate as the test substance, at 0.8 mg/kg/day (as thallium equivalent: 0.65 mg/kg/day, within the range for Category 1), increases in serum bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and GPT (ALT) were observed from 1 month after the start of administration, and bilirubin increased 6-fold and others increased 2-fold compared to pre-treatment (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).

[Reference Data, etc.]
(9) In the Ministry of Labour Notification No. 33 in 1996 (revised by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 316 in 2013), this substance is designated as " thallium and its compounds" in simple chemical substances or compounds (including alloys) designated by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare based on Appended Table 1-2, (iv) 1 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Labor Standards Act, and diseases (subjective symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and vomiting, and skin disorders, or peripheral nervous system disorders) with specific symptoms or disorders caused by occupations exposed to this substance as main symptoms or disorders, are designated as occupational diseases.
10 Aspiration hazard Classification not possible
-
-
- - [Rationale for the Classification]
Classification not possible due to lack of data.

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Hazard class Classification Pictogram
Signal word
Hazard statement
(code)
Precautionary statement
(code)
Rationale for the classification
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute) Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available.
11 Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic) Classification not possible
-
-
- - No data available. The classification result was revised from the previous classification by changing how to classify it in chronic toxicity.
12 Hazardous to the ozone layer Classification not possible
-
-
- - This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.


NOTE:
  • GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
  • Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
  • This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
  • Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
  • A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
  • An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

To GHS Information