NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	10361-37-2
Chemical Name	Barium chloride
Substance ID	m-nite-10361-37-2_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive properties.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (1999)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (1999)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (1999)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	Because data of water solubility: 375 g/L (20 deg C) (GESTIS (Access on September 2014)) were obtained, it is estimated that it does not react vigorously in contact with water.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound containing halogen (but not oxygen), but the classification is not possible due to no data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 3	Danger	H301	P301+P310 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501	There are six reports of LD50 values for rats of 118 mg/kg (CICAD 33 (2001), EHC 107 (1990)), 132 mg/kg (adult), 220 mg/kg (immediately after weaning), 269 mg/kg (ATSDR (2007)), 419 mg/kg (male), and 408 mg/kg (female) (SIDS (2013)). Since four cases correspond to Category 3 and 2 cases to Category 4, it was classified in Category 3 to which the larger number of values corresponds according to the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on an LD50 value for rats of > 2,000 mg/kg (male and female) (SIDS (2013)), it was classified as "Not classified." A new information source (SIDS (2013)) was added and the category was revised.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	Since it is reported that moderate irritation was observed in a skin irritation test (application time unknown) with guinea pigs (IUCLID (2000)) and that irritation was observed in a skin irritation test with mice and rats (IUCLID (2000)), it was classified in Category 2.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	There is a report that irritation was observed in an eye irritation test with rabbits (details such as degree of the irritation unknown) (IUCLID (2000)). In addition, there is a description that this substance was irritating to the eyes (HSDB (Access on August 2014)). From the above results, it was classified in Category 2. The category was changed from the information in the previous classification and the description in HSDB (Access on August 2014).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There are no in vivo data. As for in vitro, it was negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests, a chromosome aberration test and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells, and it was positive in a mouse lymphoma test (SIDS (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ATSDR (2007), CICAD 33 (2001), HSDB (Access on August 2014)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Classification not possible" since barium and its soluble compounds were classified in A4 by ACGIH (7th, 2001).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There is a report that no effects on fertility were observed in reproductive toxicity studies with mice and rats by the oral route (drinking water) of barium chloride dihydrate (SIDS (2013), ATSDR (2007), CICAD 33 (2001)). However, it is stated in CICAD 33 (2001) that the results should be interpreted cautiously because of below-normal pregnancy rates in all the exposed and control groups of both rats and mice. In addition, since sufficient information on teratogenicity is not obtained, it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)	Danger Warning	H370 H335	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	This substance is irritating to the respiratory tract (HSDB (Access on August 2014)). In humans there are multiple case reports, in which nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorder, elevated blood pressure, serious stimulation of cardiac muscle and other muscles, and in serious cases muscle paralysis, loss of tendon reflexes, ventricular fibrillation, respiratory arrest, and death were observed in the intentional or accidental oral ingestion. Potassium will be forcibly transported into the cells and cause neuromuscular blockade, muscle weakness, etc. due to a decrease in serum potassium (hypokalemia) affected by this substance. High doses caused significant effects on the beating and rhythm of the heart, and ventricular tachycardia, impaired cardiac automaticity, ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest occurred (ATSDR (2007), ACGIH (7th, 2001), CICAD 33 (2001), EHC 107 (1990), HSDB (Access on August 2014)). In humans, there is a report that renal failure and kidney damage developed as acute barium poisoning (ATSDR (2007)). In experimental animals, elevated blood pressure and arrhythmia in intravenous administration to dogs and guinea pigs, and flaccidity and paralysis of the skeletal muscles, hypokalemia in intravenous administration to dogs, and salivation, diarrhea, tachycardia, twitching, hypokalemia, respiratory muscle paralysis and ventricular fibrillation, etc. in the oral administration (concentration not described) were described (CICAD 33 (2001), EHC 107 (1990)). From the above, in addition to respiratory tract irritation, the nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system and kidney were considered as target organs, and it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, cardiovascular system, muscular system, kidney), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system, kidney)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	There is a report that incidences of hypertension, heart disease and heart attacks increased in populations in residential areas in which drinking-water containing water soluble barium such as barium chloride was ingested, and there is a report that an increased mortality rate due to heart disease such as cardiovascular disease and arteriosclerosis was observed in other similar populations (ATSDR (2007)), and findings suggesting cardiovascular disorders due to excessive barium intake were obtained. In addition, excessive intake of barium was reported to cause hypokalemia, resulting in neurological and muscular disorders (ATSDR (2007)). As initial symptoms, there were numbness and tingling around the mouth and neck, and these symptoms gradually extended to the extremities, showing muscle weakness, and in severe cases, symptoms led to partial or complete muscle paralysis with an absence of deep tendon reflexes (ATSDR (2007)). According to the description in ACGIH, it is reported that barium ions are potassium antagonists and barium will promote the movement of potassium from the outside of the cells to the inside, resulting to hypokalemia which will trigger the paralysis of cardiac muscle and respiratory muscles in addition to the general muscular system (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). Moreover, in humans, there is a sole report of renal failure and kidney damage as acute barium poisoning. However, in experimental animals, it is described that in tests in which this substance or the dihydrate was administered by drinking water to rats or mice for 13 weeks or 2 years, fatal cases due to nephropathy were observed in both tests at doses exceeding the value range for Category 2 (converted guidance value as barium chloride: equivalent to 271-803 mg/kg/day) and the kidney is the most sensitive organ in animal studies (ATSDR (2007)). Therefore, also in humans, the kidney is considered one of the target organs. From the above, the effects due to excessive damage from barium including this substance in humans are considered to extend to the whole body, and particularly, they are considered to occur clearly in the cardiac vascular system, nervous system, muscular system and kidney. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscular system, kidney).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 3	- -	H402	P273 P501	It was classified in Category 3 from 48-hour EC50 = 14.5 mgBa/L (a converted concentration equivalent to barium chloride: 22 mg/L) for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2008).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 3	- -	H412	P273 P501	Reliable chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Because it is unknown whether it is rapidly degradable, and due to 48-hour EC50 = 14.5 mgBa/L (a converted concentration equivalent to barium chloride: 22 mg/L) for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (SIDS, 2008), it was classified in Category 3.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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