NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	1308-38-9
Chemical Name	Chromium (III) oxide
Substance ID	m-nite-1308-38-9_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (2004)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (2004)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC (2004)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	From information that it is insoluble in water (ICSC (2004)), it is confirmed that it does not react vigorously with water.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen (but not halogen), but the classification is not possible due to no data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Inorganic compound.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on reports of LD50 values for rats of > 5,000 mg/kg and > 15,000 mg/kg (CICAD 76 (2009)), it was classified as "Not classified." Since a new information source (CICAD 76 (2009)) was added, the classification was revised.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	There are 2 reports (1 report: OECD TG 404, GLP-compliant) on skin irritation tests with rabbits, no irritation was observed in both tests (CICAD 76 (2009)). From the above results, it was classified as "Not classified." The category was changed by adding data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	There is a report that no eye irritation was observed in an eye irritation test with rabbits (OECD TG 405, GLP-compliant) (CICAD 76 (2009)). In addition, there is a report that no eye irritation was also observed in another eye irritation test with rabbits (CICAD 76 (2009)). From the above results, it was classified as "Not classified." The category was changed by adding the new data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Category 1	Danger	H334	P304+P340 P342+P311 P261 P284 P501	Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) classified chromium compounds including this substance in occupational sensitizers to the airway Group 2 (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989)). On the other hand, it is described that there is at present no unequivocal evidence to show that exposure to trivalent chromium compounds has induced occupational asthma (CICAD 76 (2009)). According to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it is described that Group 1 and Group 2 in the Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) are treated as equivalent to 1A. However, since this substance itself is not specified in OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989), subcategorization was not performed in this classification and it was classified in Category 1.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) classified chromium compound including this substance in occupational skin sensitizers Group 1 (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989)). In addition, there is a report that after application of trivalent chromium to guinea pigs, sensitization was observed (EHC 61 (1988)). Moreover, there is a description that although trivalent chromium may act as an ultimate haptenic determinant, the poor skin penetration limits the sensitizing ability of trivalent chromium salts (CICAD 76 (2009)). According to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government, it is described that Group 1 and Group 2 in the Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) are treated as equivalent to 1A. However, since this substance itself is not specified in OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 1989), subcategorization was not performed in this classification and it was classified in Category 1.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. As for in vivo, it was negative in a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test with chromium oxide green containing 98.9% chromium (III) oxide (CICAD 76 (2009)). As for in vitro, it was positive or negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests (IARC vol. 23 (1980)), positive in a chromosome aberration test, a gene mutation test and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells, and positive in a chromosomal aberration test with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (CICAD 76 (2009), IARC vol. 23 (1980), IARC 49 (1990)).	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since it was classified in Group 3 (as Chromium (III)) by IARC (1990), in A4 (as Metal and Cr III compounds) by ACGIH (2008) and in D (Chromium (III), as insoluble salts) by EPA (1998), it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There is a report that in a reproductive toxicity test with rats by the oral route (feeding), neither effects on fertility index, gestation period and litter size, etc., nor occurrence of malformations were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.8 (Ministry of the Environment, 2010), CICAD 76 (2009)). However, since the number of parental animals was small (9 animals/sex/group) and there was no sufficient information on teratogenicity, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	As for humans, it is reported that in a population of workers engaged in the production of chromium oxide at a German factory, a slight increase in the incidence of acute respiratory organ disease was observed, but they were not chronic symptoms and no abnormal findings of the respiratory system were observed in the lung function, chest X-ray test, hematological test, etc., even in a population of workers employed for more than 10 years (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.8 (Ministry of the Environment, 2010)). However, in experimental animals, there is a test report that in a study in which rats were exposed by inhalation to the dust of this substance (MMAD: 1.8-1.9 micrometer) for 13 weeks, proliferation of the lymphoid tissues in the mediastinal lymph nodes, inflammatory changes in the alveolar septa and interstitial pneumonia and hyperplasia of the alveolar septa with aggregation of macrophages filled with black pigment into the alveolar septa were observed within the concentration range of Category 1 (4.4-14 mg/m3: 0.0044-0.014 mg/L/6 hours) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.8 (Ministry of the Environment, 2010), CICAD 76 (2009)). Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs). Besides, since assessment reports such as Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.8 (Ministry of the Environment, 2010) and CICAD 76 (2009) including inhalation exposure test with chromium oxide dust were published after the previous classification, the classification result was changed.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2014	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.0))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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