NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	1317-39-1
Chemical Name	dicopper oxide; copper (I) oxide
Substance ID	m-nite-1317-39-1_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	The substance is a solid that is not combustible (ICSC (1997)) and not flammable (IUCLID (2000)).	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	The substance is a non-flammable solid.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	The substance is a solid that is not combustible (ICSC (1997)) and not flammable (IUCLID (2000)).	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	The substance is stable in contact with water. (water solubility: < 0.007 mg/L at 25degC (IUCLID (2000)); it is practically insoluble in water (PM (14th, 2006); Merck (14th, 2006)).	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not an organic compound.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P264 P270 P330 P501	Its rat LD50 values are 470 mg/kg bw (EHC 200 (1998)) and 1340 mg/kg bw (OECD TG 401) (IUCLID (2000)), both of which fall under Category 4.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Its rat LD50 value is > 2000 mg/kg bw (OECD TG 402 GLP) (IUCLID (2000)), which fall under the "Not classified" category based on the JIS classification criteria (Category 5 in the UN classification).	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Category 4	Warning	H332	P304+P340 P261 P271 P312	Based on documented rat LC50 values of ca. 5 mg/L (OECD TG 403 GLP) (IUCLID (2000)) and > 50 mg/L (OECD TG 403 GLP) (IUCLID (2000)), the substance was classified into Category 4, which represents higher hazard than the other category option. (Its saturated vapour concentration is <= 5.7*10^-7 mg/L.)	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on the rabbit test (OECD TG 404 GLP), which concluded that the substance was not irritating (IUCLID (2000)), it was classified into "Not classified".	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	In rabbit tests (OECD TG 405 GLP), the substance was found to be irritating (EC classification) or slightly irritating (IUCLID (2000)). In addition, there is the epidemiological information (HSDB (2003)) that transient irritation of the eyes had followed exposure to a fine dust of oxidation products of copper produced in an electric arc. Based on these results, the substance was classified into Category 2.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Maximization tests using guinea pigs (OECD TG 406) concluded that the substance was not sensitizing (IUCLID (2000)). However, there are no other datasets that justify the placement of the substance into the "Not classified" category. Thus, the substance was classified into "Classification not possible" due to insufficient data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	According to the epidemiological information (DFGOT vol.22 (2006)), sexual impotence was observed in workers who engaged in copper refining electrically. In addition, there are reports that a piece of medical equipment made of copper that is used in the uterus possibly contributes to the production of undifferenciated blastocytes or the inhibition of implantation (DFGOT vol.22 (2006)). However, it is not described whether the copper used is of metallic copper or copper oxide. Since these data alone do not provide sufficient information for the evaluation of copper (I) oxide toxicity, classification is not possible.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (systemic), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)	Danger Warning	H370 H335	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	The acute inhalation of copper fume during refining or welding processes may cause typical metal fume fever with upper respiratory irritation, chills, and aching muscles; and a number of workers who developed copper fume fever had serum copper levels which averaged 1.26 mg/l (HSDB (2003)). In addition, workers who cut brass pipes with electric torch developed metal fume fever, with its symptoms including fever, dyspnea, chills, headache, and nausea (HSDB (2003)). Inhalation of copper fume results in irritation of the upper respiratory tract and an influenza-like illness termed metal fume fever. Signs and symptoms of metal fume fever include fever, chills, dry throat cough, and lassitude. There is usually leucocytosis; recovery is usually rapid, and there are no sequelae (HSDB (2003)). Although these pieces of epidemiological information do not specifically state that copper (I) oxide is the cause of these symptoms, copper fumes presumably contain copper (I) oxide. Therefore, the substance was classified into Category 1 (systemic toxicity) and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In 14-week inhalation tests using rats, a change in serum components (e.g., TP, bilirubin, and cholesterol) by exposure of 0.004mg/L/6H or number of erythrocytes was observed (RTECS (2008)). Although these effects on the blood are suspected within the range of Category 1 guidance values, detailed information is not provided. Other than the aforementioned data, no appropriate information is available, so, classification is not possible due to insufficient data.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	Since its 48-hour EC50 = 0.026 mg/L for crustaceans (Daphnia magna) (EHC 200 1998), the substance was classified into Category 1.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	Since it is not considered rapidly degradable as it is a metal compound, and its classification for acute toxicity is Category 1, the substance was classified into Category 1.	FY2008	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （Sep, 2008）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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