NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	540-69-2
Chemical Name	Ammonium formate
Substance ID	m-nite-540-69-2_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 deg C) substances are not available.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is an organic compound which does not contain fluorine or chlorine but contains oxygen, and the oxygen is ionically bonded to the element other than carbon or hydrogen (N) and does not contribute to oxidization.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1), it was classified as "Not classified" (equivalent to Category 5 in UN GHS classification or equivalent to "Not classified"). [Evidence Data] (1) LD50 for rats: >2,000 mg/kg (SIDS (2008)). [Reference Data, etc.] (2) LD50 for mice: 2,250 mg/kg (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Solid (GHS definition)	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since there are no data on this substance itself, it cannot be classified. Based on (1), when comparing the pKa of formic acid and the pKb (calculated from pKa) of ammonia water, it is on the acidic side only by 1, and it is considered that this substance is neutralized in an aqueous solution. Although the information (2) and (3) are also obtained, there are no data on this substance itself. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) The acid dissociation constants (pKa) of aqueous formic acid and ammonia water are 3.70 (SIAR (2008)) and 9.25 (SIAR (2007)), respectively. (2) There is a report that no irritation was observed in a skin irritation test (OECD TG404, GLP) with rabbits using calcium diformate (CAS RN 544-17-2) (SIDS (2008)). (3) There are reports that no irritation was observed in two skin irritation tests (OECD TG404, GLP) with rabbits using potassium hydrogen diformate (CAS RN 20642-05-1) (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since there are no data on this substance itself, it cannot be classified. Besides, according to (1), the dissociation constant is slightly greater for formic acid, being one pH degree closer to the acidic side 1 from neutral (pH 7), and it is considered that this substance is neutralized in an aqueous solution. Although the information (2)-(4) are also obtained, there are no data on this substance itself. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) The acid dissociation constant (pKa) of aqueous formic acid and the base dissociation constant (pKb) of ammonia water are 3.75 (SIAR (2008)) and 4.75 (SIAR (2007)), respectively. (2) There are reports that corrosivity was shown in three eye irritation tests (OECD TG405, GLP) with rabbits using potassium hydrogen diformate (CAS RN 20642-05-1) (SIDS (2008)). (3) There is a report that in an eye irritation test (EPA OPPTS 798.4500) with rabbits using sodium formate (CAS RN 141-53-7), conjunctival redness (grade 2) and conjunctival edema (grade 1) were observed after application and these resolved after 17 days (SIDS (2008)). (4) There is a report that in an eye irritation test (OECD TG405, GLP) with rabbits using calcium diformate (CAS RN 544-17-2), corneal opacity, iritis, conjunctival edema, and conjunctival redness of Grade 2 were observed after application and these did not resolve completely even after 13 days (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since there are no data on this substance itself, it cannot be classified. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) There is a report that it was negative in a skin sensitization test (OECD TG406, Buehler method, GLP) with guinea pigs using formic acid (CAS RN 64-18-6) (SIDS (2008)). However, in the GHS classification by the government, there is not enough information to judge sensitization, so it was classified as "Classification not possible." (2) Ammonia (CAS RN 7664-41-7) and ammonia water (CAS RN 1336-21-6) were classified as "Classification not possible" due to the lack of information for judging sensitization in the GHS classification by the Government. (3) There is a report that a negative result was reported in a skin sensitization test (OECD TG406, Maximization method, GLP) with guinea pigs using potassium hydrogen diformate (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, it was negative in a micronucleus test with rat bone marrow (SIDS (2008)). (2) As for formic acid, calcium diformate and potassium hydrogen diformate, they were negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests (SIDS (2008)). (3) As for formic acid and potassium hydrogen diformate, they were negative in forward mutation tests with cultured mammalian cells (CHO) or mouse lymphoma cells (SIDS (2008)). (4) As for formic acid and sodium formate, the induction of chromosomal aberrations is affected by the pH in chromosomal aberration tests with cultured mammalian cells (CHO). In addition, although positive results were also obtained under unphysiological test conditions, such as excessively high concentrations of formic acid which cause chromosomal damage, under physiological conditions, sodium formate, which forms formic acid during the neutralization process with formic acid itself, did not induce chromosome aberrations (SIDS (2008)). (5) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, it was negative in a chromosomal aberration test with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (SIDS (2008)). (6) As for formic acid, it was negative in a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells (V79) (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] As for carcinogenicity, there are no available reports on humans. There are no classification results by domestic and international organizations. Therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, in a carcinogenicity test with rats dosed by feeding for 2 years, no increase in the incidence of tumors was observed at up to 2,000 mg/kg/day (SIDS (2008)). (2) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, in a carcinogenicity test with mice dosed by feeding for 80 weeks, no increase in the incidence of tumors was observed at up to 2,000 mg/kg/day (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since there are no data on this substance itself, it cannot be classified. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) As for sodium formate, in a developmental toxicity test with pregnant rats dosed by gavage (59-945 mg/kg/day, gestational day 6-19), no effects were observed in either maternal animals or fetuses (SIDS (2008)). (2) As for sodium formate, in a developmental toxicity test with pregnant rabbits dosed by gavage (100-1,000 mg/kg/day), no effects were observed in either maternal animals or fetuses (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] From data in (1), the target organs cannot be identified even at the limit dose. Although it is considered to correspond to "Not classified" through the oral route, there is no toxicity information through the other routes. Therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data. [Evidence Data] (1) In an acute oral toxicity test (OECD TG423) with rats, at 2,000 mg/kg which is the upper limit of Category 2, piloerection and hunched posture were observed after administration, but there was no death, and no abnormality was also observed at necropsy (SIDS (2008)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Since there are no data on this substance itself, classification was not possible due to lack of data. [Reference Data, etc.] (1) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, in a test with rats dosed by feeding for 13 weeks, thickening of the stomach and squamous cell hyperplasia of the forestomach were observed at 600 mg/kg/day (a converted value equivalent to this substance: 291 mg/kg/day) exceeding the range of Category 2 (SIDS (2008)). (2) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, in a test with rats dosed by feeding for 104 weeks, findings such as basal cell/squamous cell hyperplasia of the stomach, acanthosis and hyperkeratosis of the stomach, in addition Brunner's gland hypertrophy in the duodenum and acinar cell hypertrophy in the salivary glands were observed at 400 mg/kg/day (a converted value equivalent to this substance: 194 mg/kg/day) exceeding Category 2 (SIDS (2008), Risk Assessment Report (Feed additives) (Food Safety Commission of Japan, 2007)). (3) As for potassium hydrogen diformate, in a test with mice dosed by feeding for 80 weeks, hyperplasia, and thickening of the squamous epithelium in the forestomach were observed at 400 mg/kg/day (a converted value equivalent to this substance: 194 mg/kg/day) exceeding the range of Category 2 (SIDS (2008), Risk Assessment Report (Feed additives) (Food Safety Commission of Japan, 2007)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	[Rationale for the Classification] Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Not classified	- -	-	-	It was classified as "Not classified" from 72-hour EC50 (growth rate) = 1240 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), 48-hour EC50 = 365 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna), and 96-hour LC50 = 130 mg/L for fish (Danio rerio) (all OECD SIDS: 2008).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Although appropriate data on acute degradability are not obtained, because no bioaccumulation is estimated (LogKow: -3.34 (EST, PHYSPROP Database: 2018)), and it was classified as "Not classified" in acute toxicity, it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

To GHS Information