NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	543-90-8
Chemical Name	Cadmium acetate
Substance ID	m-nite-543-90-8_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (J) (2007)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (J) (2007)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (J) (2007)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water from the observation result of being very soluble in water (ICSC (J) (2007)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is an organic compound which does not contain fluorine or chlorine but contains oxygen, and the oxygen is ionically bonded to the element other than carbon or hydrogen (Cd) and does not contribute to oxidation.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There is a report of an LD50 value of 333 mg/kg (RTECS (Access on July 2017)) for rats, and it was classified in Category 4 based on this data in the previous classification. However, RTECS is listed as List 3 in the current GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government, and since the original source was not available, the details could not be confirmed. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible." The classification result was changed from the previous classification.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there is a report that cadmium is a skin irritant in humans (ATSDR (2012)). In addition, there is a description that skin irritation was observed by contact with this substance (HSFS (2008)). However, since this information source was listed as List 3 and the original source was not possible to confirm, this information was not adopted as evidence of classification.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	There is a report that it is an irritant to the eyes in humans (HSDB (Access on June 2017)). Since there is no information available for subcategorization, it was classified in Category 2.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 1B	Danger	H340	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Because in vivo data on this substance itself available for the classification were not obtained, information on the whole cadmium compounds (as cadmium ion, Cd2+) was used for evaluation. From (1), (2), positive reports in germ cells and somatic cells were obtained on water-soluble cadmium chloride. Because this substance is also water soluble, it is thought to have hazards similar to cadmium chloride and was classified in Category 1B. The category was revised by considering knowledge on the whole cadmium compounds and water solubility of this substance. [Evidence Data] (1) It is reported that after administration of cadmium (mainly cadmium chloride), chromosomal aberrations in mouse spermatocytes and hamster oocytes and altered gene expression in mouse spermatid occurred (ATSDR (2012), IARC 58 (1993)). (2) It is reported that as the result of administrating cadmium chloride to mice, dose-dependent increases in the incidences of micronuclei, sister chromatid exchanges, and chromosomal aberrations were observed in the peripheral blood. Moreover, it is reported that increased single strand breaks in the DNA were observed in rats after administrating cadmium chloride (EU-RAR (2007), DFGOT Vol. 22 (2006), NICNAS IMAP (Accessed Dec. 2018)). [Reference Data, etc.] (3) It is reported that increases in the incidences of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes were shown in workers occupationally exposed to cadmium (compound not specified) and that human lymphocytes from people inhabiting cadmium-polluted areas of China were found to have increased micronuclei rates and a higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations and severe aberration types. However, conflicting knowledge is also reported (ATSDR (2012)). (4) As for in vivo, a dominant lethal test by administrating cadmium (mainly cadmium chloride) was negative (ATSDR (2012), IARC 58 (1993), DFGOT Vol. 22 (2006)). (5) As for in vitro, it is reported that a bacterial reverse mutation test, a chromosomal aberration test and a sister chromatid exchange test in cultured mammalian cells (CHO) were positive (NICNAS IMAP (Accessed Jan. 2019)). (6) This substance is soluble in water (DFGOT Vol. 22 (2006), HSDB (2012), GESTIS (Accessed Feb. 2019)).	FY2018	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 1A	Danger	H350	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	IARC concluded that there was sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in humans on cadmium and cadmium compounds because cadmium and its compounds caused cancer of the lung in humans; and there are positive associations were observed between exposure to cadmium and its compounds and cancers of the kidney and of the prostate. Also, IARC concluded that there was sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity of cadmium compounds in experimental animals based on the results of carcinogenicity studies of experimental animals, in which cadmium chloride was mainly used. Thus, IARC classified cadmium and its compounds in Group 1 (IARC 101C (2012)). Other than this, cadmium and its compounds were classified as K by NTP (NTP RoC (14th, 2016)) and in Group 1 by the Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2016), proposal in 1996). From the above, this substance was also classified in Category 1A as a cadmium compound.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 1A	Danger	H360	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	As for humans, there are multiple epidemiological studies on developmental effects in pregnant women with cadmium poisoning including the following (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013)): in the population of pregnant women in the Jintzu River basin, a significant shortening of pregnancy period and a significantly higher birth ratio of low-weight infants were seen in the group of pregnant women with high urinary cadmium concentration, compared with the group with low urinary cadmium concentration; among the pregnant women in Bangladesh, a significantly negative correlation between urinary cadmium concentration and birth weights of female infants was observed; in a cohort study of mother and child, cadmium level in the maternal blood was inversely correlated with the head circumference of the infant, and rise in cadmium level in the cord blood significantly lowered the height, weight and head circumference in a 3-year-old child; and also in a study on pregnant women in Tokyo, a significantly negative correlation was found between urinary cadmium concentration and birth weights of infants. Also in experimental animals, in studies in which pregnant animals were orally dosed with cadmium compounds (mainly cadmium chloride, but there are several reports on this substance), there are many reports on developmental effects such as lowered body weight, increases in skeletal variation and malformation, and increased embryo/fetal resorptions in fetuses, and neurodevelopmental impairments (decreased spontaneous motor activity, delay in the development of sensory motor coordination reflexes, etc.) and decreased renal function in pups (ATSDR (2012)). Cadmium and its compounds were classified as reproductive toxicants Group 1 by the Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) based on epidemiological research reports and findings in experimental animals (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2013)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1A for this hazard class.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, gastrointestinal tract)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	Although there is no information on single exposure of this substance in humans and experimental animals, information on other cadmium compounds is considered to serve as reference. As acute toxicity of general cadmium compounds in humans, pneumonia and pulmonary edema by inhalation exposure, and sudden and severe nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain by the oral ingestion were reported (EHC 134 (1992)). Cadmium oxide (CAS RN 1306-19-0) is reported to show effects on the respiratory organs and gastrointestinal system in humans and experimental animals (ATSDR (2008)). In addition, cadmium chloride (CAS RN 10108-64-2) is reported to show effects on the respiratory organs, gastrointestinal system, and liver in humans and experimental animals (ATSDR (2008)). Based on these information, cadmium oxide was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, gastrointestinal system), and cadmium chloride was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, gastrointestinal system) in the GHS classification in FY2009. From the above information, it is considered that this substance also may affect the respiratory organs and gastrointestinal tract in humans similarly to other cadmium compounds. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, gastrointestinal tract). Besides, in the previous classification, the kidney and liver were also adopted as target organs based on the description in HSDB (2003) that the kidneys and liver were damaged by oral ingestion of this substance in humans. However, since details of the description in HSDB (Access on June 2017) were unknown, it was judged insufficient as an evidence for classification, and the classification result was changed.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, kidney, bone)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	There is no information on this substance in humans. However, there are descriptions that cadmium shows toxicity to a wide range of organs and tissues, but the primary target organs are the kidneys, bones and lungs by inhalation are also highly sensitive to the toxicity (ATSDR (2012)). In addition, it is described that that long-term occupational exposure caused severe chronic effects, predominantly in the lungs and kidneys, and chronic renal damage was also seen among the general population; that among other effects are inhibition of calcium metabolism, hypercalcemia, and formation of renal stones; and that high exposure to cadmium, most probably in combination with other factors such as nutritional deficiencies, may lead to the development of osteoporosis and osteomalacia (EHC 134 (1992)). As for experimental animals, it is reported that in a study in which rats were exposed by inhalation at 1.6 mg Cd/m3 of this substance for 2-6 weeks (3 hours/day, 5 days/week), thickening of the alveolar septa and mononuclear cell and polymorphonuclear leukocyte aggregates were observed after 2 weeks of exposure; inflammatory response decreased after 3 weeks of exposure; however, no significant histopathological alteration was observed in rats after being exposed for 4, 5, or 6 weeks (ATSDR (2012)). From the above, since it is only a report that adaptability is shown after the exposure of low concentrations in experimental animals, it could not be used for the classification. As for humans, the possibility of effects on the respiratory organs, kidneys and bones were shown. Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, kidney, bone). Since the information source which was listed in List 2 in the previous classification is currently listed in List 3, it was not used for classification, and a new information source was used, the classification result was different from the previous one.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	From 96-hour LC50 = 0.013 mg/L [converted value 0.0062 mgCd/L] for fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (EPA AQUIRE: 2017, Kumada, H. et al. (1980)), it was classified in Category 1.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	Chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Although the behavior of a metal salt in water is unknown, metal is regarded to be non-biodegradable due to an element, and this substance is classified in Category 1 for acute toxicity. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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