NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	7439-92-1
Chemical Name	Lead
Substance ID	m-nite-7439-92-1_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Non-combustible (ICSC (J) (2002))	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive or self-reactive properties present in the molecule.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Non-combustible (ICSC (J), 2002)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not combustible (ICSC(J) (2002))	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	Not cause a serious reaction with water. (Ullmanns (E), 5th, 1995, A15:193-195)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Containing no oxygen , chlorine and fluorine.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Inorganic substance	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2	Warning	H341	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	Although there are contradicting results about the chromosome aberration in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from people who are engaged in lead-related work (IARC suppl.7 (1987), EHC 3 (1977), DFGOTvol.17 (2002), ACGIH (7th, 2001)), there are mentions of lead itself having chromosome aberrative/micronucleus inductive actions. So the substance was classified as Category 2.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2	Warning	H351	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	It is classified into 2B according to IARC Supplement 7 (1987) and Japan Society for Occupational Health, and classified into A3 according to ACGIH (7th, 2001), and is classified into B2 according to EPA (IRIS (1993)). So it was set as Category 2.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 1A	Danger	H360	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	Since there is the description that there is the effect of sperm formation disorder in human exposure example (EHC 3 (1977), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOTvol.17 (2002)), and there is anovulation in the female occupation exposure example (EHC 3 (1977)), it is classified into the Category 1A. There is the description about the relationship with neonatal developmental disorder of recognitive function (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOTvol.17 (2002), PATTY (4th, 1994) and IARC 23 (1980)) and there is the relationship with the increase of miscarriage (DFGOTvol.17 (2002), and PATTY (4th, 1994)). But the obvious conclusion is not indicated.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Although there was a case report that renal dysfunction was observed in the acute intoxication in human (DFGOT, vol.17 (2002)), there was no kidney damage in the subsequent epidemiologic study in the same source of reference. So data is insufficient for making the kidney into target organ, therefore, it cannot be classified.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (hematopoietic system, kidney, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular system, immune system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	Due to the descriptions that the target organs were hematopoietic system, nervous system, kidney, and cardiovascular system in DFGOTvol.17 (2002), that heme synthesis inhibitors, nephropathy and brain diseases were observed in the human exposure examples in EHC 3 (1977), ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (4th, 1994), and IARC 23 (1980), that it affects to the peripheral nerve and function of central nerve system in humans exposure examples in EHC 3 (1977), ACGIH (7th, 2001), PATTY (4th, 1994), that it affects to cardiovascular system, such as high blood pressure in human exposure examples in EHC 3 (1977), ACGIH (7th, 2001), that the immunosupressive effect was observed in human exposure examples in PATTY (4th, 1994), it is considered that the target organs were hematopoietic system, the kidney, central nervous systems, peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular system and immune system, and they all were classified into Category 1. Although there are the descriptions of the case reports of thyroid or adrenal hypofunctions in EHC 3 (1977), each case reports are before 1970, and there is no similar report after that, since there is the description that no effects was observed in the thyroid in DFGOTvol.17 (2002), the thyroid and the adrenal gland were not considered as for target organs.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Insufficient data available.	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data	FY2006	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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