NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	75-05-8
Chemical Name	Acetonitrile
Substance ID	m-nite-75-05-8_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Category 2	Danger	H225	P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501	Based on a flash point of 2 deg C and a boiling point 82 deg C (GESTIS (Access on June 2017)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, it is classified in Class 3, PGII in UNRTDG (UN 1648).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 524 deg C (HSDB (Access on June 2017)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	There are ten reports of LD50 values for rats of 1,315 mg/kg (male), 1,730 mg/kg (female), 2,230 mg/kg (female), 2,460 mg/kg (male), 3,053 mg/kg (male), 3,200 mg/kg, 3,445 mg/kg (male), 3,800 mg/kg, 4,050 mg/kg (female), and 6,702 mg/kg (female) (EHC 154 (1993)). Two cases correspond to Category 4, and eight cases correspond to "Not classified" (seven cases of these correspond to Category 5 in UN GHS classification). It was classified as "Not classified" by adopting the category with the larger number of cases. The category was changed from the previous classification according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 3	Danger	H311	P302+P352 P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501	There are three reports of LD50 values for rabbits of 395 mg/kg (male) (75% aqueous solution), 978.8 mg/kg (male) (undiluted solution) (EHC 154 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)), and 3,915 mg/kg (undiluted solution) (EHC 154 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), PATTY (6th, 2012)). Two cases correspond to Category 3, and one case corresponds to "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). It was classified in Category 3 by adopting the category with the larger number of cases.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 4	Warning	H332	P304+P340 P261 P271 P312	Based on an LC50 value for rats of 16,000 ppm (female and male) in a 4-hour inhalation exposure test (EHC 154 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), PATTY (6th, 2012)) and LC50 values for rats of 7,551 ppm (male) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 10,679 ppm) and 12,435 ppm (female) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 17,586 ppm) (EHC 154 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)) in an 8-hour inhalation exposure test, it was classified in Category 4. The category was changed from the previous classification. Besides, since the LC50 values were lower than 90% of the saturated vapor pressure concentration (98,020 ppm), a reference value in the unit of ppm was applied as vapour with little mist.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on reports that this substance was not irritating or showed slight irritation in multiple skin irritation tests with rabbits (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), EU-RAR (2002)), it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 3 in UN GHS classification).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	Based on reports that eye irritation of this substance was moderate or severe in eye irritation tests with rabbits (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), EU-RAR (2002)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified as "Eye Irrit. 2" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There is a description that it was negative in a skin sensitization test with guinea pigs (EU-RAR (2002)). However, since this was the result from only one test, it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	As for in vivo, a micronucleus test with peripheral blood of mice exposed by inhalation was positive, micronucleus tests with bone marrow cells and peripheral blood of mice given intraperitoneal administration were negative, and an unscheduled DNA synthesis test with hepatocytes of rats was negative (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), ACGIH (7th, 2002), DFGOT Vol.19 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), IRIS Tox. Review (1999), EHC 154 (1993), NTP TR447 (1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). As for in vitro, bacterial reverse mutation tests were negative, a gene mutation test, a mouse lymphoma test and a chromosomal aberration test with mammalian cultured cells were negative, and a sister chromatid exchange test was weakly positive (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), ACGIH (7th, 2002), DFGOT Vol.19 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), IRIS Tox. Review (1999), EHC 154 (1993), NTP TR447 (1996), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). From the above, since on top of the fact that there are defects and an unclear dose response in both of the two micronucleus tests reported as positive in the in vivo tests (the test with bone marrow cells of mice given intraperitoneal administration, the test with erythrocytes of mice exposed by inhalation), the micronucleus tests performed according to OECD TG (tests with bone marrow cells and peripheral blood of mice given intraperitoneal administration) were negative, it is described in the EU-RAR that it is not possible to clearly judge the presence or absence of genotoxicity as a comprehensive genotoxicity evaluation. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" since there is no clear positive finding in micronucleus tests. Since the positive result in the micronucleus test described in the previous classification was unclear, the category was reviewed.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In carcinogenicity studies with rats and mice exposed by inhalation for two years, a marginal increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas (combined) was observed at the high dose in male rats, but no increase in the incidence of neoplastic lesions was observed in female rats and female and male mice (NTP TR447 (1996)). It is concluded in NTP that there was equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity in male rats, and there was no evidence of carcinogenicity in female rats and female and male mice (NTP TR447 (1996)). As for classifications by other organizations, ACGIH classified it in A4 (ACGIH (7th, 2002)) and EPA as CBD (cannot be determined) (IRIS (1999)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In developmental toxicity tests with pregnant rats or pregnant rabbits orally dosed, no severe developmental effect was observed in fetuses even at the highest dose (275 mg/kg/day in rats, 30 mg/kg/day in rabbits) where deaths, suppressed body weight gain, and increased resorptions were observed in maternal animals (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), ACGIH (7th, 2002), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). In addition, even in two developmental toxicity tests with pregnant rats exposed by inhalation, no effect was observed in fetuses at doses where deaths were observed in maternal animals (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), ACGIH (7th, 2002)). Besides, in a single inhalation test with pregnant hamsters exposed on gestational day 8, teratogenesis such as exencephaly, encephalocele, and fusion of the ribs were reported at or above the concentration twice as high as the concentrations where deaths occurred in maternal animals (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), ACGIH (7th, 2002), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). From the above, it is considered that from the results of experimental animals, it is unlikely that the substance shows developmental effects in experimental animals by the oral and inhalation route, but there is no information on fertility and sexual function, therefore, classification was not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	As for humans, multiple cases are reported including cases of ingestion of this substance by accident or in a suicide attempt and acute inhalation exposure cases due to accidents in plants. There is a description that acute effects were fatigue, nausea, vomiting, confusion, convulsions, coma, etc., resulting in death in the severe cases (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). In addition, there is a report of irritation of the nose and throat by inhalation exposure (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that in a single oral dose test with mice, hypoactivity, tremors, weakness, decreased righting reflex, labored breathing, convulsions, gasping, and salivation were observed at 300-2,000 mg/kg/day within the range of Category 2 (EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). In addition, there are reports that hypoactivity, abnormal gait, loss of righting reflex, bradypnea, labored breathing, rapid respiration, gasping, hypothermia, hindlimb extension, lateral position, and yellowing of coat were observed at 3,039-5,000 ppm within the range of Category 2 in a 4-hour single inhalation exposure test with mice (EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)), and that severe dyspnea, gasping, tremors and convulsions were observed at 500-5,000 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 250-2,500 ppm, corresponding to within the range of Category 2) in a one-hour single inhalation exposure test with mice (EHC 154 (1993), EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Moreover, there is a report that pulmonary hemorrhage and congestion were observed in both surviving cases and death cases in an 8-hour single inhalation exposure test with rats (EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Although there was no detailed description of doses in this study, LC50 values (converted 4-hour equivalent value) were reported to be 10,678 ppm (male) and 17,585 ppm (female), and it is considered that effects were observed at doses within the range of Category 2. From the above information, it is considered that this substance affects the central nervous system and respiratory organs. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, respiratory organs).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 2 (blood system, central nervous system, respiratory organs, liver, kidney)	Warning	H373	P260 P314 P501	No information on humans is available. As for experimental animals, in a 13-week inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats exposed to the vapour, at or above 800 ppm (1,340 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.97 mg/L)) within the guidance value range for Category 2, deaths, hypoactivity, rough fur, decreased thymus weight, anemia symptoms (decreases in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value) were found, and in death cases, pulmonary congestion and edema, hemorrhage in the pulmonary alveoli and brain, decreased bone marrow cells, thymic atrophy, decreased lymphocytes in the spleen, and decreased corpora lutea in the ovary were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO 2007), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), NTP TR447 (1996)), and in a 90-day inhalation toxicity test (7 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats exposed to the vapour, atelectasis and histiocyte clumps in the alveoli at or above 166 ppm (279 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.33 mg/L)) within the guidance value range for Category 2, and bronchitis and pneumonia at or above 330 ppm (554 mg/m3 (converted guidance value: 0.65 mg/L)) were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), EU-RAR (2002)). In addition, in a 13-week inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) with mice exposed to the vapour, increased liver weight at or above 100 ppm (168 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.12 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 1, focal ulceration with epithelial hyperplasia of the forestomach at or above 200 ppm (335 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.24 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 2, deaths and hepatocellular vacuolation at 400 ppm (670 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.48 mg/L), and hypoactivity, hunched position, and muscle stiffness at 800 ppm (1,340 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.97 mg/L) were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007), NTP TR447 (1996)). In a 92-day inhalation toxicity test (6.5 hours/day, 5 days/week) with mice exposed to the vapour, increased liver weight at or above 100 ppm (168 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.18 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 1, and deaths, decreases in erythrocyte count and hematocrit value, and hepatocellular vacuolation at or above 200 ppm (335 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.36 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 2 were observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). Other than these, in a 91-day inhalation toxicity test (7 hours/day, 5 days/week) with monkeys exposed to the vapour, bleeding of the superior or inferior sagittal sinus in the brain, caseous tubercle of the lung, discoloration of the liver, focal emphysema, diffuse hyperplasia of the alveolar epithelium, acute bronchitis, focal macrophage pigmentation, and cloudy swelling of the kidney proximal tubules were observed at 350 ppm (588 mg/m3) (converted guidance value: 0.69 mg/L) within the guidance value range for Category 2 (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2 (haemal system, central nervous system, respiratory organs, liver, kidney). Besides, since the findings in the forestomach were considered to be due to irritation, they were not adopted as evidence for the classification.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, the kinematic viscosity is calculated to be 0.444 mm2/sec (20 deg C) from the numerical data (Viscosity: 0.35 mPa*s (20 deg C), density (specific gravity): 0.78745) listed on HSDB (Access on June 2017).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Not classified	- -	-	-	From 72-hour EC50 (rate method) >700 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), 96-hour LC50 >100 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (both Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), and 96-hour LC50 >100 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)), it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Due to being rapidly degradable (readily biodegradable, average degradation rate by BOD: 65% (J-CHECK, 1998)), no bioaccumulation (LogPow: -0.34 (PHYSPROP Database: 2017)), 21-day NOEC (reproduction inhibition) = 960 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)), and 72-hour NOEC (rate method) = 700 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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