NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	80-62-6
Chemical Name	Methyl methacrylate
Substance ID	m-nite-80-62-6_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Category 2	Danger	H225	P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501	Based on a flash point of 10 deg C (closed cup), and a boiling point of 101 deg C (GESTIS (Access on June 2017)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, it is classified in Class 3, PGII in UNRTDG (UN 1247, stabilized).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Type G	- -	-	-	There is a chemical group associated with self-reactive properties (ethylene group) in the molecule, but the stabilized one is classified in Class 3, PGII in UNRTDG (UN 1247) and does not correspond to self-reactive substances and mixtures, hazard class with the highest precedence.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 421 deg C (ICSC (J) (2003)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen (but not fluorine or chlorine) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on reports of LD50 values of 7,800 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), 7,900 mg/kg, 8,500 mg/kg, 9,400 mg/kg (above ECETOC JACC30 (1995)) for rats, this substance was classified as "Not classified."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on a report of an LD50 value of > 5,000 mg/kg (EU-RAR (2002)) for rabbits, this substance was classified as "Not classified."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 4	Warning	H332	P304+P340 P261 P271 P312	Based on a report that an LC50 value in a 4-hour inhalation test with rats was 7,093 ppm (ECETOC JACC30 (1995), EU-RAR (2002), ACGIH (7th, 2015)), this substance was classified in Category 4. In the previous classification, it was judged as "Not classified" for the same LC50 value, and it was classified in Category 5 based on a report that symptoms such as respiratory tract irritation, weakness, fever, dizziness were observed at lower concentrations in humans (ECETOC JACC30 (1995)). However, since the LC50 value data was reexamined carefully and it was confirmed that it corresponded to Category 4, the classification result was changed. Besides, since the LC50 value was lower than 90% of the saturated vapor pressure concentration (38,614 ppm), a reference value in the unit of ppm was applied as vapour with little mist.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	There are multiple case reports showing skin irritation in humans such as a volunteer test applying paraffin or olive oil containing 5% of this substance, in which erythema and eczematous dermatitis were noted in 18 out of 20 (EU-RAR (2002)). In addition, in a skin irritation test with rabbits, after applying this substance for 4 hours, erythema and oedema scores within 72 hours were 2-2.5, 1.5-1, respectively, and erythema and oedema scores after 7 days were 2, 0.5, respectively (EU-RAR (2002)). Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified as "Skin Irrit. 2" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	There is a report that in an eye irritation test with rabbits, there were no effects on the iris and cornea, and Grade 2 conjunctival redness was observed at 24 hours (EU-RAR (2002)). Also, there is a report that lacrimation, hyperemia, and irritation to the conjunctiva etc. were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2015)). Since there is no detailed data, it is not possible to subcategorize for this hazard class. Therefore, this substance was classified in category 2.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Category 1	Danger	H334	P304+P340 P342+P311 P261 P284 P501	Based on the classifications by the Japan Society For Occupational Health (occupational sensitizers to the airway Group 2) (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2002)), this substance was classified in Category 1.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	Based on a report of a positive result in a skin sensitization test with guinea pigs (EU-RAR (2002)), and classification results by the Japan Society For Occupational Health (occupational skin sensitizers Group 2) (OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2002)), this substance was classified in Category 1. Besides, this substance was classified as "Skin Sens. 1" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	The substance was classified as "Classification not possible" because it was not possible to classify a substance as "Not classified" according to the revised GHS classification guidance for the Japanese Government. As for in vivo, the results were negative in a dominant lethal assay with mice, negative in a chromosomal aberration test with mice bone marrow cells, negative and positive in chromosomal aberration tests with rat bone marrow cells (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008), ACGIH (7th, 2015), DFGOT vol. 26 (2010), EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2012), CICAD 4 (1998), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), IRIS Tox. Review (1998)). However, the positive result of in vivo chromosomal aberration test is evaluated as poor reliability (EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002)). As for in vitro, it was negative in bacterial reverse mutation tests, and positive in mouse lymphoma tests, a micronucleus test, chromosomal aberration tests, and a sister chromatid exchange test with cultured mammalian cells. However, these positive results are results at high doses at which cytotoxicity were observed or results without dose dependency, and are considered inadequate to judge as positive in vitro (EU-RAR (2002), SIDS (2002)).	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There is a report that in epidemiological studies targeting factory workers in US companies of acrylic sheet production, a significant increase in mortality from colon cancer was observed, but the workers had been exposed to ethyl acrylate and volatile byproducts in addition to this substance. However, there is also a report that in epidemiological studies on the workers of a factory in the United States which manufactured this substance, no such effects were observed (IARC 60 (1994), DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010), ACGIH (7th, 2015)). On the other hand, as for experimental animals, an increase in no incidence of tumors was observed in a 2-year carcinogenicity study with rats dosed by drinking water (IARC 60 (1994)). In addition, no evidence of carcinogenicity was shown in both rats or mice in 2-year carcinogenicity studies with rats and mice exposed by inhalation (NTP TR314 (1986), IARC 60 (1994)). Since there is inadequate evidence in humans for carcinogenicity and there is evidence suggesting lack of carcinogenicity in experimental animals, this substance was classified in Group 3 for carcinogenicity by IARC (IARC 60 (1994)). Other than this, as for classifications by other organizations, it was classified as NL (Not Likely to be carcinogenic to humans) by the EPA (IRIS (1998)) and in A4 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2015)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible" based on the classification results of carcinogenicity by IARC and ACGIH.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In developmental toxicity studies with pregnant rats or pregnant mice dosed by inhalation during the organogenesis period, there were no effects or only a slight effect (reduced fetuses body weights) in fetuses in most of these studies (DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010), ACGIH (7th, 2015)). Among them, in one study with rats, an increase in early/late absorbed embryos at 1,000 ppm was observed, but the result of this study was judged not to be applicable for risk assessment in the EU due to reasons such as inadequate test protocol and poor documentation (DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)). In addition, in a teratogenic study with rats, fetal toxicity (early fetal deaths, reduced crown-rump length, hematomas) was observed at doses where maternal toxicity (death, reduced body weight, etc.) was manifested, and this was adopted as evidence in the previous classification (Category 2). However, it was considered to be inappropriate to be used for the classification since it is pointed out that this study report is not useful for assessment because of the too high dose (110,000 mg/m3 (26,180 ppm)) (DFGOT Vol. 26 (2010)). From the above, it is considered that developmental effects are mostly slight in the inhalation route, however, since there is no information on the assessment of effects on fertility and sexual function, the classification is not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs), Category 3 (narcotic effects)	Danger Warning	H370 H336	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	In humans, there is a report that in a test in which volunteers were exposed by inhalation to 48-480 ppm of this substance, irritation of the respiratory tract, weakness, fever, dizziness, nausea, headache, and sleepiness were observed after 20-90 minutes (ECETOC JACC30 (1995), EU-RAR (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that in 2-hour inhalation exposure with rats exposed by inhalation at 100 ppm (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 70.7 ppm) corresponding to Category 1, interalveolar congestion/hemorrhage, pulmonary vasodilatation and pulmonary edema were observed (EU-RAR (2002)). From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs), Category 3 (narcotic effects). In the previous classification, it was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). However, Category 1 (respiratory organs) was adopted according to the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government since effects on the lung in experimental animals were observed at the dose corresponding to Category 1.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	In humans, conjunctivitis, atrophic rhinitis, laryngitis, an increase in the incidence of coughs and mild airway obstruction, autonomic neuropathy, nervous weakness, headache, dizziness, nervousness, inability to concentrate, memory decline, hypertension, and hypotension are reported (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). As for experimental animals, no effects were observed within the guidance value range for Category 2. In a 21-day repeated dose toxicity test with rats dosed by gavage, effects on the nervous system (decreased locomotor activity/learning ability, increased aggression, an increase in biogenic amine levels in the pons, medulla oblongata and hippocampus, an increase of noradrenaline in the cerebral cortex and corpus striatum, a decrease of dopamine in the corpus striatum, an increase of serotonin in the hypothalamus) were observed at 500 mg/kg (117 mg/kg/day) exceeding the guidance value range for Category 2 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013)). However, effects are unknown at doses less than this since this is the lowest dose in this test. Moreover, in 2-year inhalation toxicity studies with rats and mice, inflammation of nasal cavity and degeneration of olfactory epithelium, etc. were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2008)). However, effects are unknown at doses less than this since it is the lowest dose in this test. From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs) since effects on the nervous system and respiratory organs were observed in humans.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 3	- -	H402	P273 P501	From 48-hour EC50 = 48 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (EU RAR: 2002), it was classified in Category 3.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Due to being rapidly degradable (readily biodegradable, a degradation rate by BOD: 94.3% (J-CHECK, 1976)), no bioaccumulation (LogKow: 1.38 (20 deg C) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 11 (Ministry of the Environment, 2013))), 21-day NOEC (reproduction inhibition) = 3.5 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), and 72-hour NOEC (rate method) = 86 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)), it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2017	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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