NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	8052-42-4
Chemical Name	Asphalt (straight asphalt)
Substance ID	m-nite-8052-42-4_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is estimated that there are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive properties.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not an aerosol product.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is combustible, but the classification is not possible due to no data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is estimated that there are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an ignition point of 485 degrees C (GESTIS (Access on June 2015)).	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No established test method suitable for solid substances with a melting point of 140 degrees C or lower.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water from water solubility data measured. Water solubility: not soluble (ACGIH (7th, 2001))	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it is an organic compound which contains oxygen, and the oxygen is not chemically bonded to the elements other than carbon or hydrogen, but the classification is not possible due to no data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is an organic compound that does not contain bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No established test method suitable for solid substances.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	"Solids" according to GHS definition.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	The classification is not possible due to lack of data. Besides, there are reports on occupational exposure in humans including the information that skin irritation was observed (DFGOT vol.17 (2002)) and multiple reports about burns from heated this substance (CICAD 59 (2005), DFGOT vol.17 (2002)). However, they were not used for the classification because they were effects of repeated exposure.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	Because there are multiple reports of conjunctivitis and eye irritation by the vapour of this substance in occupational exposure, it was classified in Category 2 (CICAD 59 (2005), DFGOT vol.17 (2002)). Reversible conjunctivitis was observed as a result of multiple exposures to the vapour of this substance to rabbits, but there is a description of "reversible" (CICAD 59 (2005), ACGIH (7th, 2001)).	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2	Warning	H341	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	As for in vivo, the following was reported: a micronucleus test in rat bone marrow after intratracheal injection using asphalt fume condensate was positive; a micronucleus test in rat bone marrow and peripheral blood after inhalation using asphalt fumes or asphalt fume condensate was negative (above IARC 103 (2013)); a gene mutation test using transgenic rats and mice in inhalation exposure by nose using asphalt fumes or asphalt fume condensate was negative (IARC 103 (2013), CICAD 59 (2005)); and a DNA damage test (such as DNA adduct formation) in intratracheal injection, inhalation exposure by nose, or dermal application in rats or mice using asphalt fumes, asphalt fume condensate, or asphalt paints was positive and negative (IARC 103 (2013), CICAD 59 (2005), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)). As for in vitro, the following results were reported: a bacterial reverse mutation test was positive and negative (IARC 103 (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), CICAD 59 (2005), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)); and a micronucleus test, a chromosomal aberration test, and a DNA damage test in cultured mammalian cells were positive and negative (IARC 103 (2013), ACGIH (7th, 2001), CICAD 59 (2005), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)). From the above, although there are negative data, taking the presence of a positive result of in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity test, a positive result of in vivo somatic cell genotoxicity test, a positive result of in vitro mutagenicity test, and the information that this substance is mutagenic (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) into account comprehensively, the substance was classified in Category 2.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2	Warning	H351	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	An IARC working group summarized available information on carcinogenicity by occupational exposure to asphalt and conducted a carcinogenicity evaluation by focusing on the IARC-led multicenter cohort study that was considered to be the largest scaled and the most detailed in analysis both by levels of exposure to asphalt and by confounders (IARC vol. 103 (2013)). As a result, an association between exposure and carcinogenicity was not shown for straight asphalt (this substance, a substance corresponding to "class 1" in an IARC evaluation) to which road paving workers are possible to exposed during work, and evidence of carcinogenicity was regarded as insufficient. On the other hand, as for experimental animals, there are many test results by dermal application, subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, and inhalation exposure using mice, rats, hamsters, and so on, but a few reliable results. There is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in a carcinogenicity test (mainly in a dermal route) on "a pooled sample" containing both this substance and oxidatively treated asphalt (oxidized asphalt mentioned below), not this substance alone. In conclusion, occupational exposure to this substance and fumes of this substance during road paving work was classified in Group 2B in human carcinogenicity (IARC vol. 103 (2013)). Besides this, as an existing classification result in carcinogenicity, ACGIH classified asphalt fume (coal tar-free) in A4 (ACGIH (7th, 2001)). As above, from the latest classification result by IARC, the substance was classified in "Category 2" in this hazard class. Besides, in an association analysis in an epidemiological study on roofers handling oxidized asphalt that is manufactured by blowing air to this substance heated to 200 to 300 degrees C (blown asphalt (CAS No. : 64742-94-3), a substance corresponding to "class 2" in an IARC evaluation), a positive association between exposure and an incidence of lung cancer and cancers of the upper respiratory/digestive tract (cancers of oral cavity, larynx, pharynx, and esophagus) was observed, and there was limited evidence of carcinoma in occupational exposure. Therefore, occupational exposure to oxidized asphalt and its fumes during waterproofing roofs was classified in Group 2A in human carcinogenicity (IARC vol. 103 (2013)).	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Due to lack of data, the classification is not possible.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 3 (Respiratory tract irritation)	Warning	H335	P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 P405 P501	Because asphalt fumes are irritating to the respiratory tract (ACGIH (7th, 2001), CICAD 59 (2005)), it was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation).	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory system)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	As for humans, rhinitis, oropharyngeal or larynx inflammation, and bronchitis by fumes in an inhalation route and dermatitis, acne-like changes, and slight keratosis in dermal exposure to fumes were reported. (ACGIG (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)) Besides, as for experimental animals, effects on respiratory organs were observed in an inhalation toxicity test using mice (ACGIG 7th (2001), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)). However, due to no description of an exposure concentration, it cannot be used for the classification. Moreover, in a case of application of 2.5 mg in a toxicity test using mice in an 82-week dermal administration toxicity test, hyperplasia of the epidermis, ulceration of the dermis accompanied by inflammatory infiltration and small abscess, and amyloidosis of the spleen and liver were reported. (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 17 (2002)) However, due to a test of one dose only and an application frequency of twice/week, it was judged that it could not be used for the classification. Because effects on respiratory organs were observed in humans, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory system).	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	From the information that elementary analyses revealed that asphalt contains a trace to a small amount of sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and metallic vanadium besides hydrocarbon compounds (IARC vol. 103 (2013)), it is not a mixture of pure hydrocarbons. On top of that, there is no case showing "aspiration hazard" in humans. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data.	FY2015	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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