NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	96-18-4
Chemical Name	1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Substance ID	m-nite-96-18-4_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Category 4	- Warning	H227	P370+P378 P210 P280 P403 P501	From a flash point of 73 deg C (closed cup) (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), it was classified in Category 4.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 304 deg C (ICSC (2005)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing chlorine (but not fluorine or oxygen) which is chemically bonded only to carbon or hydrogen.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure in the molecule	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 3	Danger	H301	P301+P310 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501	There are 13 reported LD50 values for rats of 120 mg/kg (male) (SIDS (2004)), 150 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ATSDR (1992)), 151 mg/kg (female, male) (SIDS (2004)), 170 mg/kg (female) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 188 mg/kg (female), 190 mg/kg (female, male) (SIDS (2004)), 205 mg/kg (male) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 320 mg/kg (IARC 63 (1995)), 442 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 444 mg/kg (DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ATSDR (1992)), 450 mg/kg (male) (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), 505 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), 150 - 505 mg/kg (EPA IRIS Summary (2009), CICAD 56 (2003)). Because 7 correspond to Category 3, 5 correspond to Category 4, and one corresponds to Category 3 - Category 4, it was classified in Category 3 which has the greatest number of reports.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 3	Danger	H311	P302+P352 P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501	On the basis of reported LD50 values (OECD TG 402) for rabbits of 900 mg/kg (male), 850 mg/kg (female) (SIDS (2004), DFGOT vol.9 (1998)), 880 mg/kg (male, female) (SIDS (2004)), it was classified in Category 3.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Liquid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Category 2	Danger	H330	P304+P340 P403+P233 P260 P271 P284 P310 P320 P405 P501	On the basis of a reported LC50 value (4 hours) for rats of about 3,000 mg/m3 (converted value: ca. 497.5 ppm) (SIDS (2004), CICAD 56 (2003), EPA IRIS Summary (2009), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), however, 500 ppm is described in ACGIH), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, there is a reported LC50 value (4 hours) (OECD TG 403) of > 4.8 mg/L (converted value: > 796 ppm) (SIDS (2004)), but category cannot be specified based on only this value. A reference value in the unit of ppm was applied as vapour without mist because the LC50 value is lower than 90% of the saturated vapour pressure concentration (4,870 ppm).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	In a skin irritation test (in conformity to OECD TG 404), in which 0.5 mL of test substance was applied to rabbits for 4 hours, mild skin irritation was observed (SIDS (2004)). Therefore, it was classified as "Not classified" (corresponding to Category 3 in UN GHS classification).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2	Warning	H319	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280	In eye irritation tests using rabbits, slight-moderate irritation was observed (DFGOT vol.9 (1992), SIAP (2004), ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003)). In part of them, it was described that moderate irritation was reversible within 7 days, but it was classified in Category 2 because sub-categorization was impossible.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In skin sensitization tests in guinea pigs, results were positive in two tests including a maximization test and negative in two tests including a Buehler test (ATSDR (1992), CICAD 56 (2003), SIAP (2004)), therefore, classification was not possible.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2	Warning	H341	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	As for in vivo, a dominant lethal test in rats was negative, a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test was negative, comet assays using the liver and kidney of rats, DNA adduct formation tests using multiple organs of rats and mice were positive (EPA IRIS Tox review (2009), IARC 63 (1995), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). As for in vitro, bacterial reverse mutation tests were positive, and in cultured mammalian cell tests, positive results are reported in mouse lymphoma tests, chromosome aberration tests, and sister chromatid exchange tests with metabolic activation, and in micronucleus tests without metabolic activation (EPA IRIS Tox review (2009), IARC 63 (1995), NTP TR384 (1993), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), ACGIH (7th, 2015), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). From the above, it was classified in Category 2 in accordance with the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 1B	Danger	H350	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	There is no information on carcinogenicity in humans. As for experimental animals, in 2-year carcinogenicity studies using rats or mice dosed by gavage, squamous papillomas/carcinomas of the oral mucosa, squamous cell papillomas/carcinomas of the forestomach, hepatocellular adenomas/carcinoma were observed in male and/or female of rats or mice, and tumors of the Zymbal's gland, pancreas, kidney, preputial gland, clitoris gland, lactiferous gland were observed in male or female rats, and adenomas of the Harderian gland were observed in male mice, and tumor of the uterus was observed in female mice, and it was concluded there was clear evidence of carcinogenicity in both rats and mice of both sexes (NTP TR 384 (1993)). As for classifications by other organizations, it is classified in Group 2A by IARC (IARC 63 (1995)), L (Likely to be carcinogenic to humans: corresponding to Category 1B) by EPA (IRIS Summary (2009)), R by NTP (NTP RoC (13th, 2014)), Carc. 1B by EU (ECHA SVHC support document (2011)), A2 by ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2015)), and Group 2A by Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2015)) respectively. Therefore, it was classified in Category 1B for this hazard class.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 1B	Danger	H360	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	In a continuous breading study using mice orally dosed (by gavage), in repeated 5-time pregnancy and delivery, decreased fertility index (at or after the third pregnancy), a decrease in the number of live pups (at or after the second delivery), the extension of the gestational period (at or after the fourth pregnancy) were observed at the high dose where increase in absolute/relative weight of the liver (male, female), decrease in absolute/relative weight of the kidney (female) were observed in F0 generation. The last delivered pups as F1 generation were dosed similarly to F0 after weaning, and after growth, mated in the same dose group. As a result, an increase in estrous cycle in the groups of 30 mg/kg/day or above, a decrease in fertility index at 120 mg/kg/day were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015), ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003)). 　As above, it was classified in Category 1B for this hazard class because toxic reproductive effects (decreased fertility index, a decrease in the number of live pups, effects on sexual function) were observed at the dose where apparent toxic effects such as body weight gain did not occur in parent animals. Besides, EU classified this substance as Repr. 1B, and designated it as SVHC, taking into account the classification result of carcinogenicity (ECHA SVHC support document (2011)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, adrenal gland), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)	Danger Warning	H370 H335	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	It is reported that narcosis, convulsions, and adrenal corticomedullary necrosis were observed at a concentration within a guidance value range of Category 1 in a single inhalation exposure study of this substance using rats and guinea pigs (ACGIH (7th, 2015), NTP TR384 (1993)). In addition, it is described that dyspnea, hypoactivity, and irritation of the respiratory tract were observed in a inhalation exposure study using rats and mice (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) and that throat irritation was observed in exposure cases in humans (ACGIH (7th, 2015), CICAD 56 (2003), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995) and ATSDR (1992)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, adrenal gland) and Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation). Besides, in the previous classification, it was classified in Category 1 (liver) based on the description that effects indicating liver damage were observed at a concentration within a guidance value range of Category 1 in a single exposure inhalation study using rats (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), NTP TR384 (1993)), but the effects were only on elevation of activities of hepatic enzymes which is indication of impaired liver function (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), NTP TR384 (1993)), therefore, the classification was revised.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, blood system, pancreas, kidney), Category 2 (heart)	Danger Warning	H372 H373	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	There is no information on humans. 　In experimental animals, in a 13-week inhalation toxicity test using rats, effects on the liver (hepatocellular hypertrophy) and blood (increased extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen) were reported at 4.5 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.02 mg/L) which corresponds to Category 1 (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th 2001), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), NTP TR384 (1993), ATSDR (1992)). In an 11-day inhalation toxicity test using rats, effects on the respiratory organs (thinning of turbinal olfactory epithelium) at 2.9 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.0021 mg/L), which corresponds to Category 1, and effects on the liver (necrosis of liver cells) at 132 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.097 mg/L) were reported. In an 11-day inhalation toxicity test using mice, effects on the liver and respiratory organs were reported similarly at concentrations corresponding to Category1 (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). 　In a 90-day repeated dose toxicity test using rats by gavage administration, effects on the liver (bile duct hyperplasia, increase in AST and ALT) and heart (myocardial effect, (increase in AST)) were reported at 59 mg/kg/day which corresponds to Category 2 (CICAD 56 (2003), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). In a 17-week repeated dose toxicity test using rats by gavage administration, effects on the haemal system (decrease in hematocrit value, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, etc) were reported at 8-16 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 3.6 - 7.1 mg/kg/day) within the range of Category 1. In a 17-week repeated dose toxicity test using mice by gavage administration, effects on the forestomach (hyperkeratosis of forestomach and squamous cell hyperplasia of the forestomach) and effects on the respiratory organs (regenerative degeneration of bronchiole) were reported at 63 mg/kg/day (converted guidance value: 59.5 mg/kg/day), which corresponds to Category 2 (CICAD 56 (2003), ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol.9 (1998), IARC 63 (1995), IRIS Tox. review (2009), NTP TR384 (1993), ATSDR (1992), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). In a 104-week repeated dose toxicity tests using rats by gavage administration, effects on the forestomach (hyperplasia of basal cells and squamous epithelium) and pancreas (focal hyperplasia of acinus) at 3 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to Category 1, and effects on the kidney (focal hyperplasia of tubular epithelium) at 10 mg/kg/day were reported (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)). 　Among these findings, changes in the forestomach were considered to be caused by irritation, thus, it was not adopted as a target organ. 　Therefore, it was classified in Category 1 (respiratory organs, liver, haemal system, pancreas, kidney), Category 2 (heart).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, kinematic viscosity was calculated to be 0.18 mm2/sec (20/20 degC) from the numerical data (viscosity: 0.25 Pa*s (20 degC), density: 1.389 g/cm3 (20 degC)) listed on HSDB (Access on September 2016).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 2	- -	H401	P273 P501	From 48-hour EC50 = 4.13 mg/L for crustacea (Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia) (CICADs 56, 2003; SIDS, 2004; Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), it was classified in Category 2.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Although it is not rapidly degradable (a degradation rate by BOD: 0 % (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1985)), its 72-hour NOEC (r) = 12.8 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (CICADs 56, 2003; SIDS, 2004; Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), its 21-day NOEC (reproduction) = 4.5 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), and its 9-month NOEC (lethal) = 4.6 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 13 (Ministry of the Environment, 2015)), it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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