NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	97-00-7
Chemical Name	1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
Substance ID	m-nite-97-00-7_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified	- -	-	-	There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (nitro group) present in the molecule, and the calculated oxygen balance is -75. However, because it is classified in Division 6.1 (UN3441), not in Class 1, it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
7	Flammable solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	There is a chemical group associated with explosive properties (nitro group) present in the molecule. However, because it is classified in Division 6.1 in UNRTDG (UN3441), not in hazards of the highest precedence, self-reactive substances and mixtures, it was classified as "Not classified."	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 432 deg C (ICSC (J) (1999)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 deg C) substances are not available.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	The substance is an organic compound containing oxygen and chlorine (but not fluorine), and the oxygen is chemically bonded to the element other than carbon or hydrogen (nitrogen). However, the classification is not possible due to no data on oxidization.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available. Besides, aluminum is described as an incompatible substance (Incompatible Hazard Handbook of Chemicals (Tokyo Fire Department, 1997)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P264 P270 P330 P501	It was classified in Category 4 based on LD50 values for rats of 640 mg/kg (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)) and 1,070 mg/kg (PATTY (5th, 2001)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 2	Danger	H310	P302+P352 P361+P364 P262 P264 P270 P280 P310 P321 P405 P501	It was classified in Category 2 based on an LD50 value of 130 mg/kg for rabbits (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Category 2	Warning	H315	P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321	It was highly irritating in a test by 24-hour occlusive application to the rabbit skin (IUCLID (2000)). Furthermore, it is described that this substance is one of the strongest primary skin irritants known (Contact Dermatitis (Frosch) (5th, 2011), corresponding to List 1), and it causes contact dermatitis in humans, and signs such as itchiness, vesicular papules, and skin detachment were observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). Therefore, it was classified in Category 2.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 1	Danger	H318	P305+P351+P338 P280 P310	It was classified in Category 1 because it was highly irritating in a test by application to the rabbit eye (IUCLID (2000)), and it is described that it is a severe human eye irritant (HSDB (2003)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In an in vivo immunological test with guinea pigs, inhalation challenge did not induce respiratory allergy, the animals developed only low titer homocytotropic antibodies, and in a subsequent study, this substance was used as the negative control, and higher titer specific antibodies were not induced in the treated animals. Furthermore, this substance was negative in a mouse IgE test, therefore, it was concluded that the evidence indicates that the substance is not a respiratory allergen (ECETOC TR 77 (1999)). However, because there is no animal model for respiratory hypersensitivity testing at this point, it was classified as "Classification not possible" according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	There are positive results in all of a maximization test and a Buehler test with guinea pigs and a mouse local lymph node test (ECETOC TR 77 (1999)), this substance is generally used as the positive control in a skin sensitization test (EHC 149 (1993), JECFA 855 (1996), JMPR 930 (1997)), and there are many reports indicating skin sensitization in occupational exposure of humans or tests by application to humans (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004), ECETOC TR 77 (1999), DFGMAK-Doc.13 (1999)). Furthermore, it is listed as an allergen in Contact Dermatitis (Frosch) (Contact Dermatitis (5th, 2011)). Based on the above knowledge, it was classified in Category 1.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Category 2	Warning	H341	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	As for in vivo tests, a dose-dependent increase in DNA damage and a positive result were shown in an alkaline elution test by intraperitoneal administration to mice (in vivo genotoxicity test) (IUCLID (2000)), and as for in vitro tests, there are reports on a highly positive result in an Ames test (Mutagenicity Test Data of Existing Chemical Substances based on the toxicity investigation system of the Industrial Safety and Health Law (Supplement 3) (2005)), and positive results in a chromosomal aberration test with V79 cells and an HGPRT test (IUCLID (2000)). Therefore, based on expert judgment, it was classified in Category 2. And this substance is an existing chemical substance for which mutagenicity was confirmed under Article 57-3 of the Industrial Safety and Health Law. Besides, it is described that an in-vivo dominant lethal test was negative (DFGMAK-Doc.21 (2005)), but the test details are unknown.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In carcinogenicity tests by 2-year diet administration to rats and mice (doses 320, 800, 2,000 ppm), in rats, increased incidences of renal cell adenoma in males and adenocarcinoma in the mammary gland in females were observed, but no increase in tumors was seen in male and female mice, and no carcinogenicity of this substance was shown for male and female mice (Results from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 1992)). Furthermore, it is reported that in tests by 18-month diet administration (250-2,000 ppm) to male rats and male and female mice, there was no increase in incidences of tumors in either species compared to the control groups (IUCLID (2000)). Because it was impossible to conclude the carcinogenicity of this substance from the above results, it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In a combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test by oral administration to rats (OECD TG 422, GLP), lesions in the stomach (squamous epithelial hyperplasia, inflammatory cellular infiltration in the forestomach, etc.) were observed in males and females at 30 mg/kg as major general toxicological changes, but as for reproductive and developmental effects, no treatment-related changes were found in general status, and sexual function/fertility indexes such as those for copulation, fertility, gestation, and delivery in parent animals, or external appearance, general status, and developmental indexes such as live birth index, sex ratio, and viability index on day 4 in offspring (Safety Test (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)) (Access on Apr. 2012), corresponding to List 2). Therefore, no adverse effects on sexual function/fertility were seen, but on the other hand, it is reported that in a test by inhalation exposure to rats to a concentration of 0.13 mg/m3 during a gestation period, increased post-implantation resorptions were observed, and because it is described that there is no report on setting the control group (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)), and the details are unknown, the results were not used for classification. Due to insufficient data on effects on the development of offspring, it was classified as "Classification not possible."	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)	Danger Warning	H370 H335	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	As effects in humans, it is described that acute toxic signs such as blue lips, nail, and skin, dizziness, headache, and labored breathing occurred after inhalation or oral exposure, and it may cause effects on the blood and methemoglobin formation (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). In animal tests, it is reported that methemoglobin formation was observed after oral administration of 640 mg/kg to rats, its level was 20% after 30 minutes, 17% after one hour, and 12% after two hours, and Heinz bodies were found only after 24 hours (IUCLID (2000)). Although the test dose in rats was within the guidance value range for Category 2, based on information in humans, it was classified in Category 1 (blood system). And it was classified in Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation) because it is described that exposure to this substance is irritating to the eye, respiratory tract, and skin in humans (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)). Besides, neurological symptoms such as headache, labored breathing, nausea, and vomiting occurred in humans after exposure to this substance, but they were not used for the rationale for classification due to unknown details.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 2 (nervous system, blood system)	Warning	H373	P260 P314 P501	Chronic poisoning from this substance in humans causes a gradual onset of symptoms of retrobulbar neuritis with a blurring of vision, central scotoma, and constriction of visual fields, and optic neuritis also occurs, in exceptional instances leading to optic atrophy or impaired papillary reaction in accommodation, and retrobulbar neuritis from chronic poisoning is associated with peripheral neuritis, which causes paresthesias in the legs and burning of the feet (HSDB (2003)). Based on the above knowledge in humans (List 2), it was classified in Category 2 (nervous system). On the other hand, it is reported that in a test by 4-month inhalation exposure of rats (dust; 4 hours/day, 5 days/week) to a concentration of 1.1 mg/m3, after 2-week or 3-week exposure, abnormal behaviors, hyperemia in the visible mucous membrane, and dyspnea occurred, and 4/23 animals died, and after 4-month exposure, decreased hemoglobin level and erythrocyte counts, sulfhemoglobinemia were also observed (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances vol. 3 (Ministry of the Environment, 2004)), although there is no description of setting the control group. Because the dose was within the guidance value range for Category 2, it was classified in Category 2 (blood system).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 96-hour LC50 = 0.157 mg/L for fish (Oryzias latipes) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol. 2 (Ministry of the Environment, 2003)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 due to being not rapidly degradable (not readily degradable (a 2-week degradation rate by BOD: 0%) (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration Results of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1994)), and 72-hour NOEC = 0.0060 mg/L for algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) (Results of Aquatic Toxicity Tests of Chemicals conducted by Environment Agency in Japan (Environment Agency, 1996)).	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2012	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （July, 2010）

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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