NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	7440-32-6
Chemical Name	Titanium (powder)
Substance ID	m-nite-7440-32-6_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
7	Flammable solids	Category 1	Danger	H228	P370+P378 P210 P240 P241 P280	Regarding this substance, mechanically manufactured powder with its particle diameter less than 53 microns and chemically manufactured power with its particle diameter less than 840 microns wetted with water are defined as UN1352 and Division 4.1 II by the UNRTDG, which is equivalent to Category 1. Since the dry form of the substance is more readily flammable, they are all classified into Category 1.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Category 1	Danger	H250	P302+P335+P334 P231+P232 P370+P378 P210 P222 P233 P280	Dry powder products can be differentiated into the UNRTDG's UN2546, Division 4.2, packing group I, II, or III by tests. Products in packing group I are classified into Category 1 while those in packing groups II and III are classified into the "Not classified" category. (Products wetted with water are defined as UN1352 or the "Not classified" category.)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Category 1	Danger	H251	P235 P280 P407 P410 P413 P420	Dry powder products can be differentiated into the UNRTDG's UN2546, Division 4.2, packing group I, II, or III by tests. Products in packing group I and II are classified into Category 1 while those in packing group III are classified into Category 2. (Products wetted with water are defined as UN1352 or the "Not classified" category.)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	Since the substance can be wetted with water, we determined that it is stable in contact with water and classified it into the "Not classified" category.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Inorganic substance containing no oxygen and halogen atoms	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Inorganic substance	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, it is classified into the "Not classified" category based on the rat LD50 of > 10000 mg/kg (IUCLID, 2000) As additional background information, in studies on titanium compounds such as calcium titanate (suspended in corn oil), rat oral LD50 was more than 12 g/kg body weight (EHC 24 (1982)).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, titanium dioxide is classified into the "Not classified" category based on approximate rabbit LD50 of > 10000 mg/kg bw (IUCLID, 2000).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, titanium dioxide is classified into the "Not classified" category based on rat LC of > 6.82 mg/kg (dust, 4-hour exposure time) (IUCLID, 2000).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, titanium dioxide was classified into the "Not classified" category based on the results that the substance was not irritating to the skin of rabbits (IUCLID, 2000).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, titanium dioxide was classified into Category 2B based on the results that the substance was mildly irritating to the eyes of rabbits (IUCLID, 2000).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, human patch-tests gave negative results (IUCLID, 2000) and thus, titanium dioxide was classified into the "Not classified" category.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In evaluation of the biocompatibility of pure titanium and two different titanium alloys, titanium alloys were implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissues of a guinea pig for 12 weeks and were immersed in calf serum or in Ringer's solution for 8 weeks—no evident surface changes were found (HSDB (2003)). In addition, both mutation assays (of Salmonella typhimurium TA98, S. typhimurium TA 100, and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA) and unscheduled DNA synthesis tests, using the solutions in which the test substances were immersed, gave negative results (HSDB (2003)). Although these tests did not find mutagenic effects of titanium, due to lack of other appropriate test results, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, both mouse micronucleus tests and mouse chromosomal aberration tests gave negative results (NTP DB, 2005) and thus titanium dioxide was classified into the "Not classified" category.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No evaluations have been carried out on carcinogenic effects of titanium by any assessment agencies. Thus, it is not classifiable. Regarding titanium dioxide, it is rated as "Group 3" by the IARC and "A4" by ACGIH, with both ratings indicating that titanium dioxide is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (IARC V47, 1989; ACGIH-TLV, 2005). According to the classification by the Japanese Government, titanium dioxide is classified into the "Not classified" category. Titanium powder (at least 200 mesh) injected intramuscularly in 6, monthly doses, each of which contained 6 mg in trioctanoin, induced 2 fibrosarcomas in 25 male and 25 female rats and lymphosarcomas in 3 male rats (EHC 24, 1982). No signs of carcinogenic effects were found in the following two tests: lead titanate suspended in physiological saline intratracheally administered to guinea pigs once every 3 months six times; and a 5 mg Ti/L concentration of titanium potassium oxalate in drinking water administered to mice during the span of their life (EHC 24, 1982). On the other hand, tianocene was shown to be carcinogenic, when suspended in trioctanoin and injected intramuscularly into rats once a month, to give a total administered dose of 200 mg (EHC 24, 1982). In addition to fibrosarcomas, hepatomas, and malignant lymphomas of the spleen were noted (EHC 24, 1982). Of 50 rats treated with titanium dioxide, only three rats developed a total of three fibrosarcomas (EHC 24, 1982). On the basis of these results, titanium has generally been considered to belong to the group of metals of low carcinogenicity (EHC 24, 1982).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. In three-generation reproduction studies using rats administered titanium potassium oxalate (concentration 5 mg Ti/L) in the drinking-water, a marked reduction in the numbers of rats surviving to the third generation, reduction of the male/female ratio, and a trend in increased tendency in occurrence of fetal runts through the first, second, and third generations were noted (EHC 24 (1982)).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, fumes of titanium dioxide irritate the respiratory tract (HSDB, 2005). Based on this report, titanium dioxide is classified into Category 3 (respiratory irritation).	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Since no test results on the substance are available, classification is not possible. According to the classification of titanium dioxide by the Japanese Government, pneumoconiotic changes, which were not associated with the changes in lung function, were revealed in X-ray examinations in few of the workers who had been occupationally exposed to titanium dioxide dust for more than 20 years (DFGOT vol. 2, 1991). Based on this report, titanium dioxide is classified as Category 1 (lung (inhalation)). In acute and subacute administration tests, titanium dioxide did not show toxic effects on the lung (EHC 24 (1982). Similarly, the tests in which guinea-pigs, rabbits, cats, and a dog were fed a diet containing titanium dioxide for 390 days did not cause any adverse effects in the animals (EHC 24 (1982)). In addition, the administration of titanium potassium oxalate in drinking-water at a concentration of 5 mg Ti/L to mice during their life span did not have any effects.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2007	GHS Classification Manual （10 Feb, 2006）/Technical Guidance Document on the GHS Classification （6 Dec, 2005）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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