NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	7446-18-6
Chemical Name	Dithallium sulfate
Substance ID	m-nite-7446-18-6_v2
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Flammable solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) .	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) .	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is not combustible (ICSC (2013)) .	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified	- -	-	-	It is estimated that it does not react vigorously with water due to the observation results of water solubility (4.87 g/100 mL (20 deg C), ICSC (2013)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound containing oxygen, but the classification is not possible due to no data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	It is an inorganic compound.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 2	Danger	H300	P301+P310 P264 P270 P321 P330 P405 P501	Four LD50 values of 10 - 25 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 76 mg/kg (EHC 182 1996)), and 16 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012)) for rats are reported. There are three reports corresponding to Category 2 and one report corresponding to Category 3. Therefore, Category 2, which has the largest number of reports, was adopted.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Category 3	Danger	H311	P302+P352 P361+P364 P280 P312 P321 P405 P501	Based on the LD50 values of 500 mg/kg (EHC 182 (1996)), 550 mg/kg (PATTY (6th, 2012)) for rats, this substance was classified in Category 3.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the primary skin irritation tests using rabbits with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, it was classified as non-irritant and mild irritant, respectively (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (1993)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the primary eye irritation tests using rabbits with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, it was classified as minimal irritant and non-irritant respectively (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, 1993)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, a Buehler test was carried out with granules containing 1% of this substance and liquid containing 2% of this substance, and it was judged that both 1% granules and 2% liquid are non-sensitizer for the skin of guinea pigs (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, (1993)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data. There is no in vivo data. As for in vitro, a bacterial reverse mutation test was negative (Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science (Pesticide Science Society of Japan, (1993)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
6	Carcinogenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	There is no available information to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of thallium and thallium compounds in either humans or experimental animals (IRIS Tox. Review (2009)), and EPA classified soluble thallium salt as I (Inadequate information to assess the carcinogenic potential) in the 2005 criteria (IRIS (2009), IRIS Tox. Review (2009)). 　Therefore, this substance was classified as "Classification not possible" for this hazard class.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 2	Warning	H361	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	After male rats were given this substance by drinking water (approx. 0.7 mg/kg/day) for 60 days, disarrangement in the seminiferous epithelium, Sertoli cell vacuolization, increased numbers of abnormal sperm, reduced sperm motility, etc. were observed (ACGIH (7th, 2010), IRIS Tox. Review (2009), PATTY (6th, 2012), HSDB (Access on May 2016)). Therefore, testicular toxicity of this substance is suggested. In addition, it is described that this substance crosses the placenta (ACGIH (7th, 2010)), and that as a result of parenteral administration (injection) of this substance at 2.0 mg/kg/day to pregnant rats, lower fetal body weights, delayed skeletal ossification, and an increased incidence of fetal hydronephrosis were observed in the fetuses (ACGIH (7th, 2010), HSDB (Access on May 2016)). 　From the above, concerning developmental toxicity including teratogenicity, it is thought that the data is inadequate findings to use for classification because there is only one data, and the administration period, the presence or absence of maternal toxicity, etc. are unknown. However, judging from the fact that there is the evidence of testicular toxicity of this substance, and it crosses the placenta, it was classified in Category 2 for this hazard class.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	In humans, as result of ingestion of thallium sulfate by accident or incident, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, retrosternal and abdominal pain, gastrointestinal hemorrhage (blood in feces), and constipation occur. Thereafter, as effects on the central and peripheral nervous system, paresthesia of the legs and arms, lethargy, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions, and coma occur, and as effects on the circulatory organs, hypertension, tachycardia, and in severe cases, and cardiac failure occur, and as effect on skin and loss of hair occurs. Causes of death are mainly renal, central nervous system and cardiac failure (EHC 182 (1996), ACGIH (7th, 2001), ACGIH (7th, 2010), IRIS (2005), ATSDR (1992)). By postmortem necropsy or biopsy, hemorrhages in the mucosa of the intestine, lung, endocrine glands, and heart, fatty infiltrations in liver and heart tissue, and degeneration of glomeruli and renal tubules were observed (EHC 182 (1996)). 　As for experimental animals, in a single administration of thallium sulfate within a guidance value range for Category 1, degeneration and necrosis of kidney tissue, in addition, a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and urine volume, and an increase in urine protein were observed (EHC 182 (1996), ACGIH (7th, 2010)). Moreover, in addition to decreased vasomotor reactivity, direct effects on the respiratory organs were observed (EHC 182 (1996)). 　From the above, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (nervous system, skin, reproductive organs (male))	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	There is no information limited to this substance in humans. However, it is described; thallium affects the nervous system by inhalation exposure (ATSDR (1992)); the chief complaints were abdominal pain, fatigue, irritability, weight loss, and pains in the legs, and alopecia was observed in four men (ACGIH (7th, 2001)); excitation and insomnia were the initial symptoms (PATTY (5th, 2001)); polyneuritis such as paresthesias and pain in muscles and joints, headache, insomnia, tiredness, etc. were seen (EHC 182 (1996)). 　As for experimental animals, in a 40-week repeated dose toxicity study using rats dosed by drinking water, cutaneous disorders, Wallerian degeneration of the sciatic nerve, etc. were reported within a range of Category 1 (EHC 182 (1996)), in a 90-day toxicity study by gavage administration, alopecia was reported within a range of Category 1 (EHC 182 (1996)), and in a 60-day repeated dose toxicity study by drinking water, testicular effects (disarrangement of the tubular epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolation and distention of smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the Sertoli cells, reduced activities of testicular beta-glucuronidase, which is located in the Sertoli cell and spermatogonia, high thallium concentrations in the testes, and reduced sperm motility), etc. were reported (IRIS Tox. Review (2009)). 　From the above, it was considered that the nervous system, skin, and testes were the target organs. Therefore, this substance was classified in Category 1 (nervous system, skin, genetic organs (men)).	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data.	FY2016	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1))

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	It was classified in Category 1 from 96-hour LC50 = 0.20 mg/L for crustacea (Gammarus minus) (a converted value equivalent to this substance. measured value of thallium: 0.081 mg/L) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)).	FY2021	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	If chronic toxicity data are used, sufficient data on rapid degradability were not obtained. It is classified in Category 1 from 30-day NOEC < 0.098 mg/L for fish (Pimephales promelas) (a converted value equivalent to this substance. measured value of thallium: <0.04 mg/L) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017), EHC, 1996, ECOTOX). If acute toxicity data are used for a trophic level for which chronic toxicity data are not obtained (algae, crustacea), sufficient data on rapid degradability were not obtained. It is classified in Category 1 from 96-hour LC50 = 0.20 mg/L for crustacea (Gammarus minus) (a converted value equivalent to this substance. measured value of thallium: 0.081 mg/L) (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances (Ministry of the Environment, 2017)). From the above results, it was classified in Category 1.	FY2021	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in the Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2021	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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