Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)
GENERAL INFORMATION
REFERENCE INFORMATION
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
NOTE:
GENERAL INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| CAS RN | 75-15-0 |
| Chemical Name | Carbon disulfide |
| Substance ID | m-nite-75-15-0_v1 |
| Download of Excel format | Excel file |
REFERENCE INFORMATION
| Item | Information |
|---|---|
| Guidance used for the classification (External link) | To Guidance List |
| UN GHS document (External link) | To UN GHS document |
| FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government） | To FAQ |
| List of Information Sources (Excel file) | List of Information Sources |
| List of Definitions/Abbreviations | Definitions/Abbreviations |
| Sample Label by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| Sample SDS by MHLW (External link) | MHLW Website (in Japanese Only) |
| OECD/eChemPortal (External link) | To OECD/eChemPortal (External link) |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | Classification year (FY) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explosives | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 2 | Flammable gases | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 3 | Aerosols | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Not aerosol products. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 4 | Oxidizing gases | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 5 | Gases under pressure | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 6 | Flammable liquids | Category 1 |
 Danger |
H224 | P303+P361+P353 P370+P378 P403+P235 P210 P233 P240 P241 P242 P243 P280 P501 |
Because a flash point is -30 deg C (closed cup), a boiling point is 46 deg C (ICSC (J) (2000)), and an initial boiling point is unknown, it is not possible to judge if it corresponds to Category 1 or 2. However, it was classified in Category 1 from a viewpoint of safety. Besides, it is classified in Class 3, Subsidiary risk 6.1, PGI in UNRTDG (UN 1131). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 7 | Flammable solids | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 8 | Self-reactive substances and mixtures | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 9 | Pyrophoric liquids | Not classified |
- |
- | - | It is estimated that it does not ignite at normal temperatures from an autoignition temperature of 90 deg C (ICSC (J) (2000)). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 10 | Pyrophoric solids | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 11 | Self-heating substances and mixtures | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to liquid substances are not available. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 12 | Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 13 | Oxidizing liquids | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | The substance is an inorganic compound containing no oxygen or halogen, or an organic compound containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 14 | Oxidizing solids | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 15 | Organic peroxides | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | It is an inorganic compound. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 16 | Corrosive to metals | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Test methods applicable to low-temperature-boiling liquids are not available. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 17 | Desensitized explosives | - |
- |
- | - | - | - | - |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | Classification year (FY) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Oral) | Not classified |
- |
- | - | Based on a report of an LD50 value of 3,188 mg/kg (HSDB (Access on June 2017)) for rats, it was classified as "Not classified" (Category 5 in UN GHS classification). The category was changed from the previous classification according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Dermal) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases) | Not classified (Not applicable) |
- |
- | - | Liquid (GHS definition) | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours) | Category 4 |
 Warning |
H332 | P304+P340 P261 P271 P312 |
Based on a report of an LC50 value of 25 mg/L (8,028 ppm) (converted 4-hour equivalent value: 17.7 mg/L (5,677 ppm)) in a 2-hour inhalation exposure test with rats (HSDB (Access on June 2017)), it was classified in Category 4. Besides, since the exposure concentration was lower than 90% of the saturated vapor pressure concentration (475,248 ppm), reference values in the unit of ppm were applied as vapour with little mist. The data of RTECS (2004) used in the previous classification was not adopted this time since it could not be confirmed. The classification result was changed from the previous classification by using the new information source. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 1 | Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 2 | Skin corrosion/irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H315 | P302+P352 P332+P313 P362+P364 P264 P280 P321 |
Based on descriptions that this substance caused dermatitis and blistering by contact on humans (PATTY (6th, 2012)), and that blisters and ulcers occurred on the skin surface and subcutaneously in a skin irritation test (application period was unknown) with rabbits (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified as "Skin Irrit. 2, H315" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)). The category was revised based on information obtained in this investigation. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 3 | Serious eye damage/eye irritation | Category 2 |
Warning |
H319 | P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264 P280 |
Based on a case of workers in a viscose rayon factory who developed a burning sensation and photophobia in the eyes due to exposure to this substance for 5-6 years (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)), it was classified in Category 2. Besides, this substance was classified as "Eye Irrit. 2, H319" in EU CLP classification (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 4 | Respiratory sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 4 | Skin sensitization | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. There is a description that it may be a skin sensitizer (HSDB (Access on June 2017)), but there was no description of the test data in the original source. Therefore, it was classified as "Classification not possible" due to lack of data. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 5 | Germ cell mutagenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | As for in vivo, a dominant lethal test with rats and a chromosomal aberration test with rat bone marrow cells were negative (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008), CaPSAR (1999), CICAD 46 (2002), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005)). As for in vitro, bacterial reverse mutation tests were negative, a chromosomal aberration test with mammalian cultured cells was negative, and a sister chromatid exchange test was positive (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008), CaPSAR (1999), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005), OEL Documentations (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2015), NTP DB (Access on July 2017)). From the above, it was classified as "Classification not possible" according to the GHS classification guidance for the Japanese government. The classification result in the previous classification was revised. Besides, as for "positive in somatic cell mutagenicity tests in vivo (chromosome aberrations)" in the previous classification, it was not adopted since there are descriptions in CaPSAR (1999) and CICAD 46 (2002) that the contents of the report were not sufficient, and the reliability of the findings could not be evaluated. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 6 | Carcinogenicity | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 7 | Reproductive toxicity | Category 1A, |
 Danger |
H360 H362 |
P308+P313 P201 P202 P260 P263 P264 P270 P280 P405 P501 |
In epidemiological studies targeted on women workers who were exposed to 37-56 mg/m3 of this substance for 1 year or more in a viscose rayon factory in China, significant increases in the incidence of menstrual abnormalities and gestoses were observed, carbon disulfide was detected in the umbilical cord blood and milk of the exposed persons, and the urine of lactating infants, so a transfer of this substance through the placenta and breast milk was confirmed (OEL Documentations Vol.55 (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013), CICAD 46 (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)), and that in a retrospective cohort study targeted on women workers (exposure at 1.7-14.8 mg/m3 for 1-15 years) in a viscose rayon factory in China, no significant difference in the incidence of gestoses, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, premature birth, delayed parturition, and congenital anomalies was observed, but a significant increase in the incidence of menstrual abnormality was observed (OEL Documentations Vol.55 (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013), CICAD 46 (2002), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005)). In addition, there is a report that an increase in menstrual irregularity was observed in women workers exposed to 10-20 mg/m3 of this substance in a Russian factory (Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005)). From the above, in the epidemiological studies in humans, effects on menstruation and pregnancy were reported in the exposed female workers. On the other hand, no reproductive toxicity by carbon disulfide was reported in the exposed male workers (OEL Documentations Vol.55 (Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH), 2013)). As for experimental animals, there are reports that in an inhalation exposure test with pregnant rats, decreased body weight and clubfoot were observed in pups at doses where suppressed body weight gain was observed in maternal animals (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005)), and that in tests with pregnant rabbits dosed orally or exposed by inhalation, an increased incidence of malformations was observed in fetuses at doses exceeding the dose where maternal toxicity such as suppressed body weight gain developed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2005), Environmental Risk Assessment for Chemical Substances Vol.4 (Ministry of the Environment, 2005)). As for classification results by other organizations, Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) classified it in Group 1 (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2017)), and EU in Repr. 2 (ECHA CL Inventory (Access on June 2017)). From the above, based on the epidemiological study results in human occupational exposure, it was classified in Category 1A for this hazard class, and the additional category of "effects on or via lactation" was added. Besides, the classification category was changed from the previous classification based on the new information source. |
FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 8 | Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure | Category 1 (central nervous system, heart), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects) |
Danger Warning |
H370 H335 H336 |
P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312 |
As for humans, there is a report that in an experiment in which volunteers were exposed by inhalation for a short time, headache was seen at or above 316 ppm (1,000 mg/m3 or above, 8 hours), and dizziness at 1,138 ppm (3,600 mg/m3, 30 min) and severe headache and coma at 2,022-3,160 ppm (6,400-10,000 mg/m3, 30 min) were seen (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)). In addition, as cases of acute exposure in rubber and rayon factory workers, there are reports that symptoms such as excitement, emotional instability, delirium, hallucinations, delusions and suicidal desire were seen in a short time exposure to 948-1,580 ppm (3,000-5,000 mg/m3), and that 27 police officers and firefighters exposed in an explosion accident involving a tank vehicle complained of headache, dizziness, sore throat due to burns, dyspnea, and pain on breathing (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)). As for experimental animals, there is a report that in a 4-hour inhalation exposure test with rats, after 2-time inhalation at 4 mg/L corresponding to the guidance value range for Category 1, an increase in catecholamine-induced necrosis and fibrosis in the cardiac muscles was observed (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)). Besides, in the original paper on this test, it is described that catecholamine-induced necrosis of the cardiac muscles was also observed in single exposure at 4 mg/L (Chandra, S.V. et al., Experimental and Molecular Pathology 17, 249-259 (1972)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, heart), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 9 | Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure | Category 1 (central nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidney) |
Danger |
H372 | P260 P264 P270 P314 P501 |
As for humans, polyneuropathy, optic nerve disorder, cerebral atherosclerosis, cerebral atrophy, imbalance of local blood flow in the cerebrum, cortical atrophy, multiple lesions suspected of small infarct foci in the nucleus basalis and corona radiata, atrophy of the olivary nucleus-pons-cerebellum, delay of peripheral nerve conduction velocity and a decrease in action potential, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, nodular glomerulosclerosis, diffuse glomerulosclerosis, and thickening of the basilar membrane in the Henle loop, Bowman's capsule, and distal renal tubules were reported (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)). As for experimental animals, in a 13-week inhalation toxicity test (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats, an abnormal gait (neuromyopathy) was observed at or above 50 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.11 mg/L) within the guidance value range (vapour) for Category 1. In a 3-month inhalation toxicity test (5 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats, a vacuolar degeneration of the cardiac myocytes was observed at 16 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.03 mg/L) within the guidance value range (vapour) for Category 1, and in a 6-month inhalation toxicity test (8 hours/day, 5 days/week) with rats, edema, bleeding, stromal hyperplasia and vasodilation in the heart were observed at or above 16 ppm (converted guidance value: 0.07 mg/L) within the guidance value range (vapour) for Category 1 (Hazard Assessment Report (CERI, NITE, 2008)). From the above, it was classified in Category 1 (central nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidney). |
FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 10 | Aspiration hazard | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | Classification not possible due to lack of data. Besides, in the previous classification, it was classified in Category 2 based on the information of CICAD and ICSC, and there is also a similar description that "swallowing the liquid of this substance may cause chemical pneumonitis due to aspiration into the lungs" (HSDB (Access on June 2017)). This description of general precaution only could not be taken as evidence for the classification. In addition, according to Japanese Industrial Standards for classification of chemicals based on GHS (JIS Z7252:2014) which was revised after the previous classification, a substance is allocated to only Category 1 for this hazard class (not allocated to Category 2). | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| Hazard class | Classification | Pictogram Signal word |
Hazard statement (code) |
Precautionary statement (code) |
Rationale for the classification | Classification year (FY) | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute) | Category 2 |
- |
H401 | P273 P501 |
From 48-hour EC50 = 2.1 mg/L for crustacea (Daphnia magna) (Initial Risk Assessment (NITE, CERI, NEDO, 2007)), it was classified in Category 2. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 11 | Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic) | Category 2 |
 - |
H411 | P273 P391 P501 |
Chronic toxicity data were not obtained. Due to being not rapidly degradable (non-biodegradable, No data in BOD, average degradation rate by GC: 2% (J-CHECK, 1988)), and acute toxicity Category 2, it was classified in Category 2. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
| 12 | Hazardous to the ozone layer | Classification not possible |
- |
- | - | No data available. | FY2017 | GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2013 revised edition (Ver. 1.1)) |
NOTE:
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