NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	89-61-2
Chemical Name	1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene
Substance ID	m-nite-89-61-2_v2
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	MHLW Website (in Japanese Only)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance contains chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules and the calculated oxygen balance is -96 (calculated value).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
7	Flammable solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible since no data are available though there are chemical groups (N-O) associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Auto-ignition point is 465 degC (ICSC (J) (2008)) exceeding 70 degC.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 degC) substances are not available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
14	Oxidizing solids	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification is not possible since no data are available though the substance is an organic compound containing oxygen which is chemically bonded to atoms (nitrogen) except carbon or hydrogen.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P264 P270 P330 P501	Based on LD50 values of 1000 mg/kg, 1210 mg/kg (Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of Environment) vol. 6 (2008)), 2503 mg/kg (SIDS (1996)) and 1000 - 2503 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) for rats, the substance was classified into Category 4 since most of the values are in this category.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on a LD50 value of >2000 mg/kg for rats (OECD TG402 (GLP)) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 or "Not classified" in GHS classification).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	In a rabbit skin irritation test (4-hour application) (OECD TG404 (GLP)), only dry skin was found, and no irritation was observed (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). The substance was classified as "Not classified".	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on a result of "no irritation" in a rabbit eye irritation test (OECD TG405 (GLP)) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) and a report that "the substance was not irritating to rabbit eyes" (SIDS (1996)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". In another rabbit eye irritation test (Draize test), moderate irritation was noted in one animal (disappeared within 72-hour) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008), BUA No. 65 (1991)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Skin sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In a patch test of 31 workers of a chemical plant (with a control group of 5 subjects), erythema was observed in 3, 6 and 9 people, respectively at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% of the substance (erythema was not observed in control subjects at any concentration). It is not possible to evaluate the sensitizing property of the substance based on this data alone (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). In a guinea pig maximization test (GLP), a negative result is reported (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Classification was not possible.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Classification not possible due to lack of data from in vivo mutagenicity tests. From in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of positive Ames tests ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009), Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)) and negative Chinese hamster V79 cell chromosomal aberration test and HGPRT test (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Although there is a positive Chinese hamster cell (CHL/IU) chromosomal aberration test ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)), there is a report about this result that "the reliability is low since the number of observable cells were far fewer due to severe cytotoxicity" (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 1B	Danger	H350	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	[Rationale for the Classification] Based on (1) and (2), clear evidence of carcinogenicity including malignant tumors was observed in two animal species, and based on (3), this substance is a target substance in the public announcement on guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health caused by the chemical substances decided by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare based on paragraph (3) of Article 28 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act, and emphasizing these, it was classified in Category 1B. [Evidence Data] (1) In a two-year carcinogenicity study with rats dosed by feeding, an increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenoma and hepatocellular adenoma or hepatocellular carcinoma (combined), an increase in the incidence of Zymbal gland adenoma, an increase in kidney tumors (incidence of renal cell adenoma or renal cell carcinoma (combined)), and an increase in skin tumor were observed in males; and uterus tumors (combined incidence of papillary adenoma or adenocarcinoma) and an increase in the incidence of mammary gland adenocarcinoma were also observed in females (Results from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2003), IARC 123 (2020)). (2) In a two-year carcinogenicity study with mice dosed by feeding, an increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma was observed in males, and an increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma was observed in females (Results from Carcinogenicity Studies (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2003), IARC 123 (2020)). (3) This substance is a target substance in the public announcement on guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health caused by the chemical substances decided by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare based on paragraph (3) of Article 28 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act (guidelines in order to prevent the impairment of worker's health, announcement No. 27 on February 7, 2020). (4) As for the carcinogenicity classification results by domestic and international assessment organizations, the IARC classified this substance in Group 2B (IARC 123 (2020)) and the Japan Society For Occupational Health (JSOH) classified it in Group 2B (Recommendation of Occupational Exposure Limits (2020): Classification in 2019).	FY2021	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government (FY2019 revised edition (Ver. 2.0))
7	Reproductive toxicity	Category 2	Warning	H361	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	In a preliminary reproductive/developmental toxicity test in rats by oral administration (OECD TG421 (GLP)), one dam delivered only dead pups at a dose producing general toxicity (such as salivation) in parental animals. There is a report that the finding is considered to be the consequence of effects on dams during the perinatal period ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 2. There were no effects on the estrous cycle, mating index, fertility index, gestation length, number of corpora lutea, number of implantations, implantation index, gestation index, total number of births, delivery index, number of stillbirths, number of live offspring at birth, live birth index, sex ratio, or necropsy findings on day 4 of lactation.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)	Danger Warning	H370 H336	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501 P304+P340 P403+P233 P261 P271 P312	In an oral test in rats, loss of equilibrium was observed at 25.0 mg/kg (LD50 value). In an oral test in cats, methemoglobin formation and mild cyanosis were observed at 25 mg/kg and higher dose levels, and loss of equilibrium and prone position were observed at 250 mg/kg (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). In a dermal test in rats, reduced spontaneous activity was observed at 2000 mg/kg (BUA No. 65 (1991)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system) and Category 3 (narcotic effects).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (blood system), Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney)	Danger Warning	H372 H373	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	In an oral test with rats (preliminary reproductive/developmental toxicity test (OECD TG421 (GLP))), "decrease in locomotor activity, extension of hindlimbs, staggering gait, prone or lateral position, bradypnea and torticollis" were observed at 200 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 91.1 mg/kg) ("Toxicity Testing Reports of Environmental Chemicals" (Chemicals Investigation Promoting Council) (access on Oct. 2009)). In a 28-day oral test in rats (OECD TG407 (GLP)), "increased hepatic weight and bilirubin value, hepatocellular hypertrophy and testicle damage (necrosis of germ epithelium, azoospermia, depression of spermatogenesis)" were observed at 250 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 77.8 mg/kg) (SIDS (1996)). In a 21-day oral test in rabbits, "moderate effects in the kidney (cloudy swelling and congestion)" were observed at 50 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 11.7 mg/kg) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008), Initial Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Ministry of the Environment) vol. 6 (2008)). In a 15-day dermal test in rabbits, "decreases in erythrocyte count and hemoglobin, increased extramedullary hematopoiesis and deposition of iron pigment in the spleen" were observed at 100 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 16.7 mg/kg) and higher concentrations (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO) No. 46 (2008)). Based on the data, the nervous system, liver, kidney and blood system are considered to be target organs. Since the findings in animals were noted at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney) and Category1 (blood system), the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system) and Category 2 (nervous system, liver, kidney). In a 28-day oral test in rats (OECD TG407 (GLP)), "testicle damage (necrosis of germ epithelium, azoospermia, depression of spermatogenesis)" was observed at 250 mg/kg (90-day equivalence: 77.8 mg/kg) (SIDS (1996)). This data corresponds to Category 2 for reproductive toxicity, and was not used in this classification.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	Classified into Category 1 from its 96h-LC50 = 0.118 mg/L for fish (Cyprinus carpio) (Initial Risk Assessment Report (NITE, CERI, NEDO), 2008).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and it is not rapidly degradable (BOD degradation rate: 4% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1995)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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