NITE - Chemical Management Field

Latest GHS Classification Results by the Japanese Government (edited by NITE)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Item	Information
CAS RN	91-20-3
Chemical Name	Naphthalene
Substance ID	m-nite-91-20-3_v1
Download of Excel format	Excel file

REFERENCE INFORMATION

Item	Information
Guidance used for the classification (External link)	To Guidance List
UN GHS document (External link)	To UN GHS document
FAQ（GHS classification results by the Japanese Government）	To FAQ
List of Information Sources (Excel file)	List of Information Sources
List of Definitions/Abbreviations	Definitions/Abbreviations
Sample Label by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
Sample SDS by MHLW (External link)	To Workplace Safety Site (MHLW)
OECD/eChemPortal (External link)	To OECD/eChemPortal (External link)

PHYSICAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Explosives	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecules.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
2	Flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
3	Aerosols	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Not aerosol products.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Oxidizing gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
5	Gases under pressure	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
6	Flammable liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
7	Flammable solids	Category 2	Warning	H228	P370+P378 P210 P240 P241 P280	The substance is classified into Division 4.1, PG III in UNRTDG (UN1334).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
8	Self-reactive substances and mixtures	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	There are no chemical groups present in the molecule associated with explosive or self-reactive properties.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
9	Pyrophoric liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
10	Pyrophoric solids	Not classified	- -	-	-	Auto-ignition point is 526 degC (NFPA (13th, 2006)) exceeding 70 degC.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
11	Self-heating substances and mixtures	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid (melting point <= 140 degC) substances are not available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
12	Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	The chemical structure of the substance does not contain metals or metalloids (B, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Po, At).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
13	Oxidizing liquids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
14	Oxidizing solids	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Containing no oxygen, fluorine or chlorine in the molecule	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
15	Organic peroxides	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Organic compounds containing no bivalent -O-O- structure	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
16	Corrosive to metals	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Test methods applicable to solid substances are not available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
17	Desensitized explosives	-	- -	-	-	-	-	-

HEALTH HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
1	Acute toxicity (Oral)	Category 4	Warning	H302	P301+P312 P264 P270 P330 P501	LD50 values are 490 mg/kg (PATTY (5th, 2001)), approximately 1800 mg/kg (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), 1780 mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)), 9430 mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), NTP TR500 (2000)), 1110 mg/kg (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), NTP TR500 (2000)), 2300 mg/kg (EU RAR (2003)), >2000 mg/kg (EU RAR (2003)) and 2600 mg/kg (ATSDR (2003)) for rats. Since four values correspond to Category 4 and four values are "Not classified", the category with higher hazard was adopted and the substance was classified into Category 4.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Dermal)	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on LD50 values of >2500 mg/kg for rats (NTP TR500 (2000)) and >2000 mg/kg for rabbits (EU RAR (2003)), the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 5 or "Not classified" in GHS classification).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Gases)	Not classified (Not applicable)	- -	-	-	Solid (GHS definition)	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Vapours)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	Although a LC50 value is >0.5 mg/L/8h (0.7 mg/L/4h) for rats (NTP TR500 (2000)), classification was not possible due to lack of sufficient data for classification. Since LC50 value (0.5 mg/L) was lower than 90% of saturated vapour pressure concentration (0.571 mg/L), it is considered that the test was conducted for vapour.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
1	Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists)	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
2	Skin corrosion/irritation	Not classified	- -	-	-	When the substance was administered dermally to 6 rabbits for 4-hour, very slight to well defined erythema was noted in 3 animals, and slight fissuring of the skin was noted in 3 animals, but there were no signs of oedema in any of the animals. By day 6 after administration, all scores had returned to zero (EU RAR (2003)). In a second test using 6 rabbits, grade 1 - 2 erythema and grade 0 - 2 oedema were noted at 24-hour after application, but the effects tended to reverse at 72-hour after application. The substance was "slightly irritating" (EU RAR (2003)). Based on these results, the substance was classified as "Not classified" in JIS Classification (correspond to Category 3 in GHS classification).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
3	Serious eye damage/eye irritation	Category 2B	- Warning	H320	P305+P351+P338 P337+P313 P264	There is a report of "weak transient irritation" in a rabbit test (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). In a second test with 6 rabbits, slight iritis was seen in 1 rabbit, 5 rabbits showed a very slight conjunctival reddening and 2 animals showed slight conjunctival swelling. No ocular abnormalities were noted. Overall, an irritation score of 1.6 was calculated and the substance was "non-irritant" (EU RAR (2003)). Additionally, there is another report of "mild ocular irritation" reversing within 7 days (ATSDR (2003)). Based on these reports, the substance was classified into Category 2B.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Respiratory sensitization	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
4	Skin sensitization	Category 1	Warning	H317	P302+P352 P333+P313 P362+P364 P261 P272 P280 P321 P501	There is a report that a 43-year old patient who suffered from acute recurrent dermatitis and one of 598 patients examined as a result of dermatosis reacted in an epicutaneous test with this substance (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). The frequency of allergy to naphthalene is stated as being 0.13% (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)). The substance was classified into Category 1. As relevant information, although there is a report of negative results in 2 guinea pig skin sensitizing tests (Buehler test and maximization test; positive rate: 0% in both tests) (EU-RAR (2003)), no firm conclusions can be drawn from these tests due to flaw in the test procedure (EU-RAR (2003)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
5	Germ cell mutagenicity	Not classified	- -	-	-	Based on negative results in a mouse bone marrow micronucleus test by oral administration (in vivo somatic cell mutagenicity test) (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), EU RAR (2003), IARC 82 (2002), IRIS (1988), ATSDR (2003)), the substance was classified as "Not classified". As relevant information, from in vitro mutagenicity tests, there are reports of negative mammalian cell gene mutation tests (IARC 82 (2002), ATSDR (2003)), positive mammalian cell micronucleus tests (IARC 82 (2002), NTP TR 500 (2000)), positive mammalian cell chromosomal aberration tests (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), IRIS (1998), ATSDR (2003), EU RAR (2003), IARC 82 (2002), NTP DB (access on May. 2009)) and negative Ames tests (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), EU RAR (2003), IARC 82 (2002), ATSDR (2003), IRIS (1998), NTP TR 500 (2000), NTP DB (1987)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
6	Carcinogenicity	Category 2	Warning	H351	P308+P313 P201 P202 P280 P405 P501	Based on the classification of "Group 2B" in IARC (IARC 82 (2002)), the substance was classified into Category 2. As relevant information, the substance is classified into "A4" in ACGIH (ACGIH (7th, 2001)), "CBD" in EPA (1998) (IRIS (2005)), Category 3 in EU classification (EU-Annex I (2005)), "2" in DFG (MAK/BAT (2004)) and "R" in NTP (Chemical Risk Information Platform (CHRIP) (2009)). In a 2-year inhalation carcinogenicity test in rats, the incidences of adenoma of the respiratory epithelium and neuroblastomas of the olfactory epithelium were increased in both sexes (NTP TR No. 500 (2000)). In a 2-year inhalation carcinogenicity test in mice, increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas was observed in females but not in males (NTP TR No. 410 (1992)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
7	Reproductive toxicity	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	In rat tests by oral administration during the gestation or organogenesis period, no adverse effects on pups were observed at dose levels in which body weight loss and changes in food and water consumption were observed in maternal animals (NTP DB (1991)). In a developmental toxicity test in rabbits by oral administration during organogenesis period, there were no signs of fetotoxicity at dose levels in which general toxicity was manifested in maternal animals (EU-RAR (2003)). Since there were no data for effects on parental sexual function and fertility, classification was not possible due to lack of sufficient data.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
8	Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure	Category 1 (blood, eye, respiratory tract)	Danger	H370	P308+P311 P260 P264 P270 P321 P405 P501	Based on numerous reports that hemolytic anemia was detected in exposed humans (ACGIH (7th, 2001), EU-RAR (2003), NTP TR500 (2000), ATSDR (2003)), the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system). In addition, based on a case report that ingestion led to the formation of cataracts in a human (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)) and reports that rabbits administered orally (1000 - 3000 mg/kg) developed cataracts (ACGIH (7th, 2001)) or corneal opacity (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998)), the substance was classified into Category 1 (eye). Similar damage to the respiratory tract was observed in mice subjected to inhalation exposure for 4-hour at concentrations of 0.1 - 0.35 mg/L (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), IARC 82 (2002), EHC 202 (1998)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory tract). In an oral test in mice, administration produced injury (swelling, vacuolation, exfoliation, necrosis) of the tracheobronchial epithelial Clara cells at dose levels within the guidance value range for Category 2 (400 mg/kg) (NTP TR 500 (2000)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
9	Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure	Category 1 (blood, eye, respiratory organs)	Danger	H372	P260 P264 P270 P314 P501	Based on reports that repeated inhalation exposure of humans caused haemolytic anaemia (DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), EU-RAR (2003)) and reports that corneal ulceration and cataracts occurred after occupational exposure (ACGIH (7th, 2001), DFGOT vol. 11 (1998), EU-RAR (2003), NTP TR500 (2000)), the substance was classified into Category 1 (blood system, eye). In a 13-week inhalation test in rats (vapour, 6 hour/day), hyperplasia of basal cells in the olfactory epithelium was observed at a concentration of 58 ppm/day (0.3 mg/L/day) (EU-RAR (2003)). In 2-year inhalation tests in rats and mice (vapour, 6 hour/day), hyperplasia of epithelium in the nasal cavity and respiratory tract was observed in both species and chronic inflammation in the lung was observed in mice (NTP TR410 (1992), NTP TR500 (2000)). Based on the data, the substance was classified into Category 1 (respiratory system).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
10	Aspiration hazard	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	No data available.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Hazard class		Classification	Pictogram Signal word	Hazard statement (code)	Precautionary statement (code)	Rationale for the classification	Classification year (FY)	GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Short term (Acute)	Category 1	Warning	H400	P273 P391 P501	Classified into Category 1 from its 96h-LC50 = 770 microg/L for fish (Rainbow trout) (EHC 202, 1998).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
11	Hazardous to the aquatic environment Long term (Chronic)	Category 1	Warning	H410	P273 P391 P501	Classified into Category 1 since its acute toxicity is Category 1 and it is not rapidly degradable (BOD degradation rate: 2% (Biodegradation and Bioconcentration of Existing Chemical Substances under the Chemical Substances Control Law, 1979)).	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）
12	Hazardous to the ozone layer	Classification not possible	- -	-	-	This substance is not listed in Annexes to the Montreal Protocol.	FY2009	GHS Classification Guidance by the Japanese Government （March, 2009）

NOTE:

GHS Classification Result by the Japanese Government is intended to provide a reference for preparing a GHS label or SDS for users. To include the same classification result in a label or SDS for Japan is NOT mandatory.
Users can cite or copy this classification result when preparing a GHS label or SDS. Please be aware, however, that the responsibility for a label or SDS prepared by citing or copying this classification result lies with users.
This GHS classification was conducted based on the information sources and the guidance for classification and judgement which are described in the GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government etc. Using other literature, test results etc. as evidence and including different content from this classification result in a label or SDS are allowed.
Hazard statement and precautionary statement will show by hovering the mouse cursor over a code in the column of "Hazard statement" and "Precautionary statement," respectively. In the excel file, both the codes and statements are provided.
A blank or "-" in the column of "Classification" denotes that a classification for the hazard class was not conducted in the year.
An asterisk “*” in the column of “Classification” denotes that “Not classified (or No applicable)” and/or “Classification not possible” is applicable. Details are described in the column of “Rationale for the classification”. If no English translation is available for “Rationale for the classification,” please refer to the Japanese version of the results.

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